Molecular Characteristics of High-Grade Glioma in Relation to 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) Fluorescence Intensity.

Introduction: 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence used in glioma surgery has different intensities within tumors and among different patients, some molecular and external factors have been implicated, but there is no clear evidence analyzing the difference of fluorescence according to glioma molecular characteristics. This study aimed to compare molecular factors of glioma samples with fluorescence intensity to identify potential cofounders and associations with clinically relevant tumor features.

Methods: Tumor samples of high-grade glioma patients operated using 5-ALA for guided resection were included for comparative analysis of fluorescence intensity and molecular features.

Full mission evaluation of EnMAP water leaving reflectance products using three atmospheric correction processors.

This study presents what we believe is the first extensive assessment of the water reflectance products from the German hyperspectral Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP). We evaluate EnMAP's standard normalized water leaving reflectance [ρ] over 17 water sites in the first two years of the mission. The EnMAP [ρ] standard product is generated by a dedicated water atmospheric correction (AC) called the Modular Inversion Program (MIP).

Full kinetic modeling analysis of [F]fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography (PET) at initial diagnosis of high-grade glioma.

Purpose: The main objective was to characterize the tracer uptake kinetics of [F]fluoromethylcholine ([F]F-CHO) in high-grade gliomas (HGG) through a full PET kinetic modeling approach. Secondarily, we aimed to explore the relationship between the PET uptake measures and the HGG molecular features.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients with a suspected diagnosis of HGG were prospectively included.

Analyzing the role of reoperation in recurrent glioblastoma: a 15-year retrospective study in a single institution.

Background: Multiple treatment options at glioblastoma progression exist, including reintervention, reirradiation, additional systemic therapy, and novel strategies. No alternative has been proven to be superior in terms of postprogression survival (PPS). A second surgery has shown conflicting evidence in the literature regarding its prognostic impact, possibly affected by selection bias, and might benefit a sparse subset of patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

Use of diffusion tensor imaging to assess the vasogenic edema in traumatic pericontusional tissue.

Background And Objective: Cerebral edema is a frequent and serious complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is considered a useful technique to assess white matter integrity after TBI. The objective of this prospective, observational study was to assess the characteristics of the vasogenic edema in the traumatic pericontusional tissue and compare it to the vasogenic edema found in brain tumors.

Use of diffusion tensor imaging to assess the vasogenic edema in traumatic pericontusional tissue.

Background And Objective: Cerebral edema is a frequent and serious complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is considered a useful technique to assess white matter integrity after TBI. The objective of this prospective, observational study was to assess the characteristics of the vasogenic edema in the traumatic pericontusional tissue and compare it to the vasogenic edema found in brain tumors.

Variability of Clinical and Angiographic Results Based on the Treatment Preference (Endovascular or Surgical) of Centers Participating in the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Database of the Working Group of the Spanish Society of Neurosurgery.

Objectives: Since the introduction of endovascular treatment for cerebral aneurysms, hospitals in which subarachnoid hemorrhage is treated show different availability and/or preferences towards both treatment modalities. The main aim is to evaluate the clinical and angiographic results according to the hospital's treatment preferences applied.

Methods: This study was conducted based on use of the subarachnoid hemorrhage database of the Vascular Pathology Group of the Spanish Neurosurgery Society.

The tumor suppressor FOXO3a mediates the response to EGFR inhibition in glioblastoma cells.

Purpose: Although EGFR activation is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM), anti-EGFR therapy has so far not yielded the desired effects. Targeting PI3K/Akt has been proposed as a strategy to increase the cellular sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors. Here we evaluated the contribution of FOXO3a, a key Akt target, in the response of GBM cells to EGFR inhibition.

Translational Imaging Spectroscopy for Proximal Sensing.

Proximal sensing as the near field counterpart of remote sensing offers a broad variety of applications. Imaging spectroscopy in general and translational laboratory imaging spectroscopy in particular can be utilized for a variety of different research topics. Geoscientific applications require a precise pre-processing of hyperspectral data cubes to retrieve at-surface reflectance in order to conduct spectral feature-based comparison of unknown sample spectra to known library spectra.

"Intrasellar Balloon Technique" in intraoperative MRI guided transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery for sellar region tumors. Usefulness on image interpretation and extent of resection evaluation. Technical note.

Background: Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is an effective and proven tool in transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery. However, image interpretation is not always easy and can be hindered by the presence of blood, tumor remains or the displacement of surrounding structures. In this article we present a novel technique based on using intrasellar ballons to reduce these difficulties and facilitate the surgeon's intraoperative assessment by iMRI.

Direct observation during surgery shows preservation of cerebral microcirculation in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To describe the alterations of the cortical microcirculation of the brain (blood flow and vessel density) in TBI patients who and compare them with a control group.

Methods: Prospective and observational study in a third-level university hospital. Cortical microcirculation in the brain was directly observed using sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging in 14 patients who underwent surgery: 5 subdural hematomas (SDH) and 9 parenchymal lesions (contusions/hematomas).

Validation of a prognostic score for early mortality in severe head injury cases.

Object: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a large health and economic burden. Because of the inability of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on TBI to demonstrate the expected benefit of reducing unfavorable outcomes, the IMPACT (International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI) and CRASH (Corticosteroid Randomisation After Significant Head Injury) studies provided new methods for performing prognostic studies of TBI. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a prognostic model for early death (within 48 hours).

[Vagal nerve stimulation treatment in patients with drug resistant epilepsy: Son Espases University Hospital experience].

Objective: To present our experience in treating drug-resistant epilepsy with vagal nerve stimulation in our centre, evaluating its impact on disease control and on different aspects related to the patients and main caretakers' quality of life.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients operated from January 2004 until December 2012. Interviews and tests completed by outpatients and principle caretakers were evaluated.

Patterns of care and outcome for patients with glioblastoma diagnosed during 2008-2010 in Spain.

Background: To assess management patterns and outcome in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated during 2008-2010 in Spain.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical, therapeutic, and survival data collected through filled questionnaires from patients with histologically confirmed GBM diagnosed in 19 Spanish hospitals.

Results: We identified 834 patients (23% aged >70 years).

[First intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in a Spanish hospital of the public healthcare system: initial experience, feasibility and difficulties in our environment].

Objective: Intraoperative MRI is considered the gold standard among all intraoperative imaging technologies currently available. Its main indication is in the intraoperative detection of residual disease during tumour resections. We present our initial experience with the first intraoperative low-field MRI in a Spanish hospital of the public healthcare system.

[Implication of radiological pattern in the prognosis of oligodendroglial tumors: correlation with genetic profile].

Introduction: 1p19q loss of heterozygosity (LOH1p19q) in oligodendroglial tumors has shown to be prognostic of prolonged survival and predictive of therapeutic responsiveness. During the last years, research is actively being directed to the discovery of radiological characteristics related to LOH1p19q. AIMS.

Long-term follow-up of patients with post-traumatic refractory high intracranial pressure treated with lumbar drainage.

Drainage of cerebrospinal fluid by means of external lumbar drainage (ELD) is controversial in the adult population with traumatic brain injury. We report our experience with ELD in the treatment of post-traumatic high intracranial pressure (ICP) and the results of the long-term follow-up in these patients. We undertook clinical evaluation of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury and high ICP treated with second-tier measures or with first-tier measures if second-tier measures were contraindicated.

Quantitative analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-2 mRNA expression in central and peripheral regions of gliomas.

Malignant gliomas are characterized by their invasiveness and angiogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade extracellular matrix and create a more permissive environment for cell invasion. We aimed to investigate for the presence of inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity in MMP-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by means of quantitative analysis and to evaluate its prognostic impact in glioma patients.

Direct observation of human microcirculation during decompressive craniectomy after stroke.

Objectives: Most knowledge related to the pathophysiology of microcirculation in ischemic stroke comes from experimental research. Unfortunately, data on microcirculation in the human brain are limited, partially as a result of the lack of appropriate investigational techniques. The objective of our study was to test the hypothesis that cortical microcirculatory alterations in the brain, in terms of blood flow and vessel density, occur in patients with stroke who require surgical decompression compared with a control group.

O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase protein expression by immunohistochemistry in brain and non-brain systemic tumours: systematic review and meta-analysis of correlation with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.

Background: The DNA repair protein O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) confers resistance to alkylating agents. Several methods have been applied to its analysis, with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) the most commonly used for promoter methylation study, while immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become the most frequently used for the detection of MGMT protein expression. Agreement on the best and most reliable technique for evaluating MGMT status remains unsettled.

Lack of correlation among intracerebral cytokines, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation in patients with traumatic brain injury and diffuse lesions.

Objectives: To determine the evolution of cytokine patterns using microdialysis in patients with traumatic brain injury with diffuse lesions and to study the relationship between cytokines and intracranial pressure, brain tissue oxygenation and lesion type on the computed cranial tomography scan (patients with and without brain swelling).

Design: Prospective and observational study.

Setting: Third-level university hospital.

Correlation between brain interstitial and total serum cortisol levels in traumatic brain injury. A preliminary study.

Introduction: Brain cortisol availability has never been evaluated in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cerebral microdialysis is a well-established technique for monitoring brain metabolism in neurocritically ill patients, which may be used to measure interstitial cortisol. The objective of this preliminary study was to measure brain interstitial cortisol and its correlation with total serum cortisol in patients with TBI.

Loss of cortisol circadian rhythm in patients with traumatic brain injury: a microdialysis evaluation.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is commonly associated with disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis secretion. Cerebral microdialysis techniques have been recently applied to measure brain interstitial cortisol levels.

Methods: We evaluated for the first time the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion at 08:00, 16:00, and 24:00 h in the acute phase of TBI by determination of total serum and brain interstitial cortisol levels (microdialysis samples) in 10 patients with TBI.