A cross- sectional study of refugees in Norway and Serbia: Levels of mental distress and social-demographic risk factors.

This cross-sectional study has assessed and compared symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among one refugee group during flight (in Serbia) and another refugee group after flight (in Norway). Results indicate high levels of mental distress in both samples of refugees (Serbia: = 100, Norway: = 78). Participants in Serbia reported higher levels of symptoms than the participants in Norway.

Implications of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder for Maternal Employment: United States vs. Norway.

Objectives: A country's social welfare system may play an important role in maternal employment. This study compared the labor market participation of mothers of children within the United States (U.S.

Sickness absence among mothers caring for a child with disability: Examining the impact of mechanical and psychosocial occupational exposures.

Background: Sickness absence is more prevalent among mothers caring for children with disability compared to those caring for non-disabled children. Working in a poor working environment may worsen the impact of care burden on health outcomes among mothers of children with disabilities.

Objective: The study investigated how sickness absences are associated with mechanical and psychosocial occupational exposures among mothers caring for children with and without disabilities.

The health of mothers caring for a child with a disability: a longitudinal study.

Background: Raising a child with disabilities requires a significant parental investment that is greater than that required by typically developing children. Previous studies have shown that parents caring for a child with a disability experience a range of health problems, particularly the mothers. However, few of these studies have controlled for maternal health prior to birth.

Educational achievement among children with a disability: do parental resources compensate for disadvantage?

We examined the impact of child disability on Grade Points Average (GPA) using all children aged 15-16 years who completed their lower secondary education and registered with a GPA score in the period from 2016 to 2020 in Norway (n = 247 120). We use registry data that contain information on the child's main diagnosis, such as physical-, neurological- and neurodevelopmental conditions, and the severity of the condition, additional to the child's family characteristics. First, we examined whether the impact of the child's disability on the GPA scores varied by diagnosis and the severity of the child's condition.

'Struggling to participate in everyday life': emerging adults' experiences of living with long-term health challenges.

Aim: To gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of participation in the everyday life of emerging adults living with long-term health challenges and how this influences their own quality of life.

Methods: Using an explorative study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with a sample of 12 young people aged 18-29 years living with long-term health challenges in Norway.

Findings: The analysis identified one overarching theme of struggling to participate in everyday life, and four subthemes: the notion of being independent but also dependent, experiencing mismatch between needs and support, experiencing deprivation of spontaneity and feeling uncertain about the future.

Impact of child disability on parental employment and labour income: a quasi-experimental study of parents of children with disabilities in Norway.

Background: Caring for children with disabilities has both immediate and long-term economic costs that affect the well-being of children, parents, and society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of child disability on parental employment and labour income by examining differences by parental gender, disability severity, and child age.

Methods: The study included children with disabilities born between 2004 to 2011 and their mothers (n = 139,189) and fathers (n = 134,457).

Impact of growing up with somatic long-term health challenges on school completion, NEET status and disability pension: a population-based longitudinal study.

Background: Young adulthood is an important transitional life phase that can determine a person's educational and employment trajectories. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of somatic long-term health challenges in adolescence on upper secondary school completion, not in education, employment or training (NEET status) and receiving disability pension in early adulthood. Additional disparities in educational and employment achievements were also investigated in relation to socioeconomic background.

Delayed massive haemothorax following thoracic trauma.

Background: Most cases of thoracic injury are the result of minor trauma, treated out of hospital. Approximately 10 % of patients with minor thoracic trauma develop delayed haemothorax, with risk of fibrosis and empyema. Traumatic diaphragmatic injury following blunt trauma can be difficult to diagnose, and is a rare condition associated with high-energy trauma.

Young people with long-term health challenges experiences in transition to adulthood: A qualitative metasynthesis.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of the transition to adulthood for young people with long-term health challenges.

Design: The metasynthesis approach was based on the guidelines by Sandelowski and Barroso for synthesizing qualitative research.

Data Sources: Seven electronic databases: CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and SocIndex were searched on 6-10 February 2020.

Effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on the risk of type 2 diabetes in South Asians: meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials.

Aims/hypothesis: Individuals of South Asian origin have a high risk of type 2 diabetes and of dying from a diabetes-attributable cause. Lifestyle modification intervention trials to prevent type 2 diabetes in high-risk South Asian adults have suggested more modest effects than in European-origin populations. The strength of the evidence of individual studies is limited, however.

Sickness absence in pregnancy and sedentary behavior: a population-based cohort study from Norway.

Background: Sickness absence in pregnancy accounts for a large part of sickness-related absenteeism among women. Exercise in pregnancy is associated with a lower level of sickness absence, however little is known about how sedentary behaviour is related to sickness absence in pregnancy. In the current study, we hypothesize a positive association between sedentary hours/day and the risk of long-term sickness absence.

The value of vital sign trends in predicting and monitoring clinical deterioration: A systematic review.

Background: Vital signs, i.e. respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, pulse, blood pressure and temperature, are regarded as an essential part of monitoring hospitalized patients.

Reporting of pain by people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): comparative results from the HUNT3 population-based survey.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with chronic pain, but pain in COPD remains poorly understood, particularly in comparison to pain in other groups. We compared the pain reported by people with COPD with that reported by arthritis, heart disease, diabetes, and those not reporting any disease, while adjusting for the effects of selected sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, comorbidities, anxiety, and depression.

Methods: Using cross-sectional data from a population-based health survey in Norway (HUNT3; n = 50,807), we included participants with COPD (n = 1199), participants without COPD, but with arthritis (n = 8582), heart disease (n = 4109), or diabetes (n = 1254), and participants without any disease (n = 18,811).

Long-time sickness absence among parents of pre-school children with cerebral palsy, spina bifida and down syndrome: a longitudinal study.

Background: Taking care of a child with special needs can be draining and difficult and require a lot of parental time and resources. The present study investigated the long-term sickness absence of parents who have children with spina bifida, cerebral palsy and Down syndrome compared to that of parents without a child with special needs.

Methods: The sample consisted of primiparae women who gave birth between 2001 and 2005 and the fathers of the children (N = 202,593).

On duty all the time: health and quality of life among immigrant parents caring for a child with complex health needs.

Aims And Objectives: To provide knowledge about how immigrant parents of children with complex health needs manage their family lives and how this affects their own health and quality of life.

Background: Caregivers of children with complex health needs have additional risk for general health problems and mental health problems and immigrant parents may be more vulnerable to mental distress and failing health and quality of life.

Design: This qualitative study used an exploratory design with individual and focus group interviews.

Health and educational success in adolescents: a longitudinal study.

Background: Health in childhood and adolescence is a matter of contention. This article examines how infant and adolescent health act together with parental SES, health-related behaviour and academic factors to generate differences in the early life course with regard to later enrolment in higher education.

Methods: We used a questionnaire on health, The Oslo Health Study, which was linked to register data that provided detailed information on educational outcomes over time; and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, which provided information on health at birth.

Doctor-certified sickness absence in first and second trimesters of pregnancy among native and immigrant women in Norway.

Aims: The authors sought to estimate differences in doctor-certified sickness absence during pregnancy among immigrant and native women.

Methods: Population-based cohort study of pregnant women attending three Child Health Clinics in Groruddalen, Oslo, and their offspring. Questionnaire data were collected at gestational weeks 10-20 and 28.

Calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression in renal allograft recipients with thrombotic microangiopathy/hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) represent serious threats to kidney allograft recipients. During a 4-year period, among 850 kidney transplantations, seven recipients with primary HUS and seven recipients (eight transplants) with previous or de novo TMA/HUS were identified and given calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-free immunosuppression by sirolimus (SRL), mycophenolate mofetil and steroids. Thirteen out of 15 transplantations were successful in the long term; resulting in a mean creatinine of 101 mumol/L (16.

Four-year data after pediatric renal transplantation: a randomized trial of tacrolimus vs. cyclosporin microemulsion.

This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (Tac) with cyclosporin microemulsion (CyA) in pediatric renal recipients. A 6-month, randomized, prospective, open, parallel group study with an open extension phase was conducted in 18 centers from nine European countries. In total, 196 pediatric patients (<18 yr) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either Tac (n = 103) or CyA (n = 93) administered concomitantly with azathioprine and corticosteroids.

[Surgical treatment of hormone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma with liver metastases].

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a highly malignant tumour with a poor prognosis. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with repeated procedures if necessary.

Material And Methods: A 39-year-old woman presented with a pronounced Cushing's syndrome with virilizsation.

Experience with cyclosporine in 1519 kidney transplantations from living donors in a national transplant programme, 1983-2002.

Following the introduction of cyclosporine as basic immunosuppression in our national transplant programme in 1983, the pool of grafts from living donors (LDs) was expanded 2 years later by also accepting LDs mismatched for 2 HLA haplotypes and living unrelated donors (LURDs), mostly spouses. A policy of approaching family members to promote donation was consistently pursued. During 1983 through 2002, nephrectomy was performed on 1519 LDs without mortality.

[Extracorporeal surgery and liver autotransplantation].

Background: Though the great majority of hepatic and perihepatic neoplasms may very well be treated by conventional surgical techniques, a few patients will have lesions seemingly inaccessible by traditional in situ surgical procedures.

Material And Method: We present two patients with retrohepatic sarcoma and liver haemangioma respectively, treated by hepatectomy, ex situ resection and hepatic autotransplantation.

Results: The first patient, a 64-year-old man, had a completely uneventful postoperative course and had no indication of recurrent sarcoma two years later.

Hepatic autotransplantation with ex situ neoplasm extirpation and vena cava replacement.

The treatment of a 64-year-old man with a retrohepatic neoplasm deemed not accessible by conventional in situ surgical techniques is presented to illustrate the potential benefit offered by techniques adapted from liver transplantation and vascular surgery. A computed tomography scan performed for uncharacteristic abdominal discomfort revealed a hepatic or retrohepatic tumor compressing the inferior vena cava. Biopsies were interpreted as probably leiomyoma or malignant schwannoma.