Visualization of the renal artery in kidney transplant patients using time-resolved computed tomography angiography.

Background: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a post-operative complication which most often occurs between 3 months and 2 years after transplantation. TRAS is associated with kidney failure and hypertension and, thereby, with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to report our experience of perfusion computed tomography angiography (P-CTA) to identify a 50% lumen reduction (as compared to digital subtraction angiography, DSA), assess its subjective image quality and evaluate if contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurred.

Combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CT perfusion and Tc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT to guide diagnosis in a case of solid renal tumour.

Definitive, pre-operative differentiation of solid renal lesions by ultrasound, contrast-enhanced multiphasic CT or MRI examinations is often not possible. An increasing amount of literature indicates the added value of Tc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT, CT perfusion and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the pre-operative characterisation of solid renal tumours. This case report presents the diagnostic approach of a solid renal tumour that turned out to be a hybrid oncocytic chromophobe tumour in a patient with Stage 3 renal failure by combining the three aforementioned modern examination techniques.

Variation in textural parameters of hepatic lesions during contrast medium injection.

Background: Textural parameters extracted using quantitative imaging techniques have been shown to have prognostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Purpose: To evaluate whether the contrast medium timing of the image acquisition affects the reproducibility of textural parameters in HCC and hepatic tissue.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 17 patients with 37 HCC lesions.

Cardiovascular and Lung Involvement in Patients with Autoimmune Pancreatitis.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic immune-mediated disease characterised pathologically by the infiltration of IgG4-bearing plasma cells into the involved organs. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis with a heavy lymphocytic infiltration and two distinct histopathological subtypes, namely: lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (AIP type 1) and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis (AIP type 2). Lung involvement and aortic involvement have been reported in 12% and 9% of patients with systemic IgG4-RD, respectively.

Computed tomography venography of the upper extremities - Using low dose bilateral contrast media injection in a patient with suspected venous thoracic outlet syndrome.

Venous thoracic outflow syndrome may occur as a result from compression of the subclavian and/or axillary vein and consequently, decreased blood flow and increased risk of thrombus formation. A previously healthy 34-year-old woman who, after intensive crossfit training, experienced sudden intense pain and swelling in her right upper arm was referred for computed tomography of her right upper arm and thoracic veins. The computed tomography was performed using bilateral injection of low dose, diluted contrast medium.

Evaluation of arteriovenous fistula-bilateral computed tomography venography combining diluted and undiluted contrast media injection: A case study.

A 45-year-old female dialysis patient with sudden onset of severe pain in the left shoulder and chest was referred for computed tomography of her left arm and thoracic veins. The computed tomography venography revealed 2 completely occluded venous grafts and 2 pronounced stenoses of the subclavian vein. By using a dual injection of diluted and undiluted contrast medium, artifact-free visualization of arteriovenous fistula, arm veins and adequate enhancement of thoracic veins were obtained.

Triple Arterial Phase CT of the Liver with Radiation Dose Equivalent to That of Single Arterial Phase CT: Initial Experience.

Purpose To develop and evaluate a triple arterial phase CT liver protocol with a similar radiation dose to that of standard single arterial phase CT in study subjects suspected of having hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods The study consisted of a retrospective part A for protocol development (n = 15) and a prospective part B to evaluate diagnostic accuracy (n = 38). All 53 participants underwent perfusion CT with 50 mL contrast material between August 2013 and September 2014.

Renal versus splenic maximum slope based perfusion CT modelling in patients with portal-hypertension.

Purpose: To assess liver perfusion-CT (P-CT) parameters derived from peak-splenic (PSE) versus peak-renal enhancement (PRE) maximum slope-based modelling in different levels of portal-venous hypertension (PVH).

Material And Methods: Twenty-four patients (16 men; mean age 68 ± 10 years) who underwent dynamic P-CT for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were retrospectively divided into three groups: (1) without PVH (n = 8), (2) with PVH (n = 8), (3) with PVH and thrombosis (n = 8). Time to PSE and PRE and arterial liver perfusion (ALP), portal-venous liver perfusion (PLP) and hepatic perfusion-index (HPI) of the liver and HCC derived from PSE- versus PRE-based modelling were compared between the groups.