Stroke and Pulmonary Thromboembolism Complicating a Kissing Aneurysm in the M1 Segment of the Right MCA.

Kissing aneurysms, a rare and intriguing cerebrovascular anomaly, challenge even the most advanced neurosurgical techniques. These lesions, characterized by two intimately apposed aneurysms with shared arterial walls, often masquerade as single, irregular aneurysms. This report documents a case of ruptured kissing aneurysms in the M1 segment of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), complicated by ischemic stroke and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE)-a convergence of severe complications rarely encountered.

Challenging Management of a Rare Complex Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation in the Corpus Callosum and Post-Central Gyrus: A Case Study of a 41-Year-Old Female.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare but complex vascular anomalies, particularly challenging when located in eloquent regions such as the corpus callosum and post-central gyrus. This report aims to highlight the management and outcomes of a 41-year-old female patient with a hemorrhagic AVM in these critical areas, emphasizing the importance of early surgical intervention and advanced imaging techniques. The patient presented with a right-sided tonic-clonic seizure and expressive aphasia, prompting imaging that revealed a complex AVM with deep venous drainage and arterial supply from the anterior cerebral artery.

The Microsurgical Resection of an Arteriovenous Malformation in a Patient with Thrombophilia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are complex vascular anomalies that can present with significant complications, including intracranial hemorrhage. This report presents the case of a 36-year-old female with Prothrombin G20210A mutation-associated thrombophilia, highlighting its potential impact on AVM pathophysiology and management. The patient presented with a right paramedian intraparenchymal frontal hematoma, left hemiparesis, and seizures.

Mirror Aneurysms of the Pericallosal Artery Clipped During a Single Surgical Procedure: Case Report and Literature Review.

Pericallosal artery aneurysms are rare, accounting for 2-9% of all intracranial aneurysms, and mirror aneurysms in this location are exceptionally uncommon, presenting unique surgical challenges due to their deep location and proximity to critical neurovascular structures. The aim of this case report is to describe the surgical management and successful outcome of a patient with mirror pericallosal artery aneurysms and to contribute insights into the clinical and surgical considerations for this rare condition. We report the case of a 71-year-old female with multiple cardiovascular and metabolic conditions, including hypertension and smoking-well-established risk factors for intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Clinical Outcomes in Microsurgical Clipping Treatments of Cerebral Aneurysms.

This study investigates the application of Machine Learning techniques to predict clinical outcomes in microsurgical clipping treatments of cerebral aneurysms, aiming to enhance healthcare processes through informed clinical decision making. Relying on a dataset of 344 patients' preoperative characteristics, various ML classifiers were trained to predict outcomes measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). The study's results were reported through the means of ROC-AUC scores for outcome prediction and the identification of key predictors using SHAP analysis.

Life history strategy and romantic satisfaction in patients' behavior.

According to evolutionary psychologists, an individual-consciously or not-who allocates resources for somatic effort focuses on homeostasis and the protection of themselves and others. During health crises, patients must choose between mobilizing their remaining resources to either recover or accepting the disease as inevitable. When patients choose to be proactive in terms of protecting their health, are conscientious, and compliant in the recovery process, a high level of patient activation is achieved.

Clinical outcomes of posterior fossa arteriovenous malformations: a single center experience.

Background: Posterior fossa arterio-venous malformations (pfAVMs) are challenging lesions due to the anatomical particularities of the posterior fossa, and the high incidence of hemorrhagic presentation. The two most important goals when treating AVMs are preserving neurological function and preventing rupture, or a second hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of pfAVMs to identify the factors that influence the prognosis of these patients.

Grading of glioma tumors using digital holographic microscopy.

Gliomas are the most common type of cerebral tumors; they occur with increasing incidence in the last decade and have a high rate of mortality. For efficient treatment, fast accurate diagnostic and grading of tumors are imperative. Presently, the grading of tumors is established by histopathological evaluation, which is a time-consuming procedure and relies on the pathologists' experience.

Deciphering Glioblastoma: Fundamental and Novel Insights into the Biology and Therapeutic Strategies of Gliomas.

Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies.

From Recognition to Remedy: The Significance of Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Disease Pathology.

With the inexorable aging of the global populace, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pose escalating challenges, which are underscored by their socioeconomic repercussions. A pivotal aspect in addressing these challenges lies in the elucidation and application of biomarkers for timely diagnosis, vigilant monitoring, and effective treatment modalities. This review delineates the quintessence of biomarkers in the realm of NDs, elucidating various classifications and their indispensable roles.

Proteometabolomics of initial and recurrent glioblastoma highlights an increased immune cell signature with altered lipid metabolism.

Background: There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms associated with the development, progression, and onset of recurrence after initial surgery in glioblastoma (GBM). The use of integrative phenotype-focused -omics technologies such as proteomics and lipidomics provides an unbiased approach to explore the molecular evolution of the tumor and its associated environment.

Methods: We assembled a cohort of patient-matched initial (iGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) specimens of resected GBM.

Neuropsychiatric and Neuropsychological Aspects of Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders: An In-Depth Review of Wernicke's Encephalopathy and Korsakoff's Syndrome.

Alcohol-related cognitive disorders have long been an area of study, yet they continue to pose challenges in the diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of underlying neuropsychiatric mechanisms. The present article offers a comprehensive review of Wernicke's Encephalopathy and Korsakoff's Syndrome, two conditions often seen on a continuum of alcohol-related brain damage. Drawing on current medical literature, neuroimaging studies, and clinical case reports, we explore the neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological profiles, symptomatology, and differential diagnoses of these disorders.

Cannabinoids in Medicine: A Multifaceted Exploration of Types, Therapeutic Applications, and Emerging Opportunities in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer Therapy.

In this review article, we embark on a thorough exploration of cannabinoids, compounds that have garnered considerable attention for their potential therapeutic applications. Initially, this article delves into the fundamental background of cannabinoids, emphasizing the role of endogenous cannabinoids in the human body and outlining their significance in studying neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Building on this foundation, this article categorizes cannabinoids into three main types: phytocannabinoids (plant-derived cannabinoids), endocannabinoids (naturally occurring in the body), and synthetic cannabinoids (laboratory-produced cannabinoids).

The role of catastrophizing and basic psychological needs satisfaction on health-related quality of life and pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common conditions associated with functional disability, affecting patients' quality of life (QOL). Disability can be affected by cognitive factors, such as pain catastrophizing. Similarly, unfulfilled basic psychological needs (i.

GFAPδ: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma.

GFAPδ, the delta isoform of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, is mainly expressed in the subventricular zone of the brain, together with other neural stem cell markers like nestin. The authors of this paper were among the first that described in detail the expression of GFAPδ and its correlation with malignancy and invasiveness in cerebral astrocytoma. Later, several papers confirmed these findings, showing that the alternative splice variant GFAPδ is overexpressed in glioblastoma (CNS WHO grade 4) compared with lower grade gliomas.

Editing and Chemical Modifications on Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer: A New Tale with Clinical Significance.

Currently, for seemingly every type of cancer, dysregulated levels of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are reported and non-coding transcripts are expected to be the next class of diagnostic and therapeutic tools in oncology. Recently, alterations to the ncRNAs transcriptome have emerged as a novel hallmark of cancer. Historically, ncRNAs were characterized mainly as regulators and little attention was paid to the mechanisms that regulate them.

Microsurgical approach for symptomatic brain AVMs - single center experience.

: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) represent high-flow vascular lesions made up of a complex network of feeding arteries and draining veins interposed by a nidus and without a capillary bed. The management of the AVMs represents a challenge, and the optimal treatment should be considered based on the particularities of each AVM. This paper aims to provide outcome data for the cohort of patients with AVMs that underwent surgical treatment.

Fighting Cancer Stem Cell Fate by Targeting LIS1 a WD40 Repeat Protein.

Cancer is one of the most frequent and devastating diseases. Previous reports have shown that radio and chemo-resistant cancer stem cell (CSC) population is primarily responsible for cancer recurrences after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other studies demonstrated that Lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) protein, also known as platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1 (PAFAH1B1), a dynein-binding protein involved in neural stem cell division, plays a crucial role in maintaining CSC population in hematological malignancies.

Preferential Association of Lissencephaly-1 Gene Expression with CD133+ Glioblastoma Cells.

Lissencephaly-1 (Lis1) protein is a dynein-binding protein involved in neural stem cell division, morphogenesis and motility. To determine whether Lis1 is a key factor in glioblastoma, we evaluated its expression and function in CD133+ glioblastoma cells. Global, Lis1 gene expression is similar in glioblastoma and normal samples.

Challenges in a case of ophthalmic artery aneurysm associated with abnormal internal carotid arteries.

Ophthalmic artery aneurysms account for 5% of all cerebral aneurysms and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality related to subarachnoid hemorrhage. The diagnosis is often made only when the aneurysm is large enough to become symptomatic. They remain technically challenging for both neurosurgeon and interventional radiologist.

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma at pediatric age - case report and review of the literature.

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC) is a rare tumor, which exceptionally occurs at pediatric age. CMV-PTC may develop in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or may be a sporadic tumor. The authors present a case of CMV-PTC in a 10-year-old girl patient without FAP history, who presented with a left neck mass.

A retrospective, multi-center cohort study evaluating the severity- related effects of cerebrolysin treatment on clinical outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability for which there is currently no effective drug therapy available. Because drugs targeting a single TBI pathological pathway have failed to show clinical efficacy to date, pleiotropic agents with effects on multiple mechanisms of secondary brain damage could represent an effective option to improve brain recovery and clinical outcome in TBI patients. In this multicenter retrospective study, we investigated severity-related efficacy and safety of the add-on therapy with two concentrations (20 ml/day or 30 ml/day) of Cerebrolysin (EVER Neuro Pharma, Austria) in TBI patients.

Immunohistochemical analysis of GFAP-δ and nestin in cerebral astrocytomas.

GFAP-δ, the delta isoform of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, is particularly expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain. GFAP-δ positive cells in the SVZ co-express the neural stem cells (NSCs) marker nestin. According to the theory of glioma oncogenesis, transformation of a cell population with stem features which resides in the SVZ could be the origin of astrocytomas.