Rapid implementation of a clinical decision-support workflow during the national blood culture bottle shortage.

Background: The United States Food and Drug Administration recently announced a national blood culture (BC) bottle shortage; the exact date of restoration is still being determined.

Aim: Implement a workflow to mitigate the BC bottle shortage at our hospital.

Methods: We created the following clinical decision support workflow in electronic medical record to help mitigate BC bottle use: (a) limit to two BC in 24 hours, (b) only repeat BC if 72 hours have passed from the prior sets, (c) do not repeat BC for coagulase-negative bacteremia when considered a contaminant (i.

Poverty, Comorbidity, and Ethnicity: COVID-19 Outcomes in a Safety Net Health System.

Objective: To determine if race-ethnicity is correlated with case-fatality rates among low-income patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Research Design: Observational cohort study using electronic health record data.

Patients: All patients assessed for COVID-19 from March 2020 to January 2021 at one safety net health system.

Topical Oral and Intranasal Antiviral Agents for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

With the largest viral loads in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) present in the oral and nasal cavities, agents that act on these two areas have the potential for large therapeutic and prophylactic benefit. A literature review was conducted to elucidate the possible agents useful in treatment of SARS-CoV-2. These agents were evaluated for their current applications, adverse reactions, their current state of study, and any future considerations in their management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019).

Intranasal Antiviral Drug Delivery and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A State of the Art Review.

Objective: To provide a state of the art review of intranasal antiviral drug delivery and to discuss current applications, adverse reactions, and future considerations in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov search engines.

Necrotizing retinitis due to syphilis in a patient with AIDS.

The ocular manifestations of syphilis are varied. Ocular syphilis can occur during any stage of infection and involve virtually any part of the eye. In immunocompetent individuals, the most common etiologies include syphilitic uveitis.

DNA detection and seroprevalence of human papillomavirus in a cohort of adolescent women.

Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common in adolescent women, while the rare cancerous sequelae of HPV infections do not generally occur until the 4th or 5th decades of life. This prospective study of a cohort of adolescent women was performed to further our knowledge of the natural history of incident and prevalent HPV infections.

Methods: Self-vaginal swabs collected from high-risk, unvaccinated adolescent women in a longitudinal study were analysed for HPV DNA.

Association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection with redetection of human papillomavirus after apparent clearance.

Background: Persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with an increased risk of cervical malignancy. Redetection of type-specific HPV after a period of nondetection may be caused by reactivation of a low-level persistent infection. Little is known about factors associated with type-specific HPV redetection.

High frequency of human papillomavirus detection in the vagina before first vaginal intercourse among females enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is believed to be primarily sexually transmitted. Few studies have documented the detection of HPV in the vagina before first vaginal intercourse.

Methods: We used a longitudinally followed cohort of adolescent females without prior vaginal intercourse to examine the frequency of detection of vaginal HPV and the association between first reported HPV detection and noncoital sexual behaviors.

Natural history of multiple human papillomavirus infections in female adolescents with prolonged follow-up.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to better characterize the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in female adolescents.

Methods: Female adolescents were enrolled in a longitudinal study. Self-vaginal samples were obtained every 3 months and tested for HPV.

The natural history of incident gonococcal infection in adolescent women.

Background: The natural history of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) infections is largely unknown. The objective of the current study was to use sequential weekly vaginal samples and molecular techniques to describe the natural history of incident gonorrhea infections in adolescent women.

Methods: A cohort of 387 adolescent women aged 14 to 17 were enrolled from urban, primary care clinics and followed longitudinally for a period of up to 8 years.