[Hemoperitoneum caused by traumatic rupture of mesenteric lymphangioma cyst. Case report from Madagascar].

Mesenteric cystic lymphangioma is an uncommon benign tumor. The purpose of this report is to present a case involving a 7-year-old girl who presented hemoperitoneum due to traumatic rupture of a mesenteric lymphangioma cyst. The patient who had a huge preexisting tumor mass presented with hemorrhagic shock symptoms following a severe fall.

[Value of vesical filling for umbilical cord prolapse. Description of a 14-case series at the Befelatanana University hospital center maternity unit (Antananarivo, Madagascar)].

Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord drops through the open cervix into the vagina ahead of the baby, after spontaneous or artificial rupture of the membrane. It is a severe obstetrical emergency that endangers the life of the baby due to compression of the cord. Since the 1980s, bladder filling has been recommended as a simple and effective technique for reducing foetal mortality even if surgery cannot be undertaken immediately.

[Neglected shoulders reported at the Befelatanana Maternity Hospital (Antananarivo, Madagascar)].

We conducted a retrospective study on neglected shoulders during 12 months at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, 31 cases among 4685 deliveries were reported. The majority of the pregnancies are not under medical supervision and no ultrasound is carried out during the third trimester. There were 8 cases of uterine rupture, 2 haemorrhage shocks, 6 syndromes of prerupture, 6 umbilical cord prolapses at the third degree and 6 tears of the cervix.

[Female genital tuberculosis: about 11 cases treated in Antananarivo (Madagascar)].

A 5 year prospective study on genital tuberculosis, a rather uncommon localization, has been undertaken in 11 women treated at the DAT-HIS of Antananarivo, Madagascar Clinical diagnosis is problematic, if not unfeasible, due to the polymorphism of genital tuberculosis in women. Only histological and bacteriological examinations are, so far, confirmatory In the future, recourse to polymerase chain reaction will facilitate diagnosis and will allow a more accurate assessment of the incidence of this aspect of tuberculosis infection. Genital tuberculosis compromises women's fertility Even though the tuberculosis is cured, none of the 11 women of our research had carried their pregnancy to delivery, because artificial fertilization is not feasible here in Madagascar Screening of woman genital tuberculosis should be mandatory as regards gynaecological problems such as menstrual cycle disorders, sterility, abdominal pain, cyst of ovary ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous miscarriage in paraclinical investigations, especially in developing countries.

[Oriental biliary lithiasis. Retrospective study of 690 patients treated surgically over 8 years at Hospital 108 in Hanoi (Vietnam)].

The purpose of this study was to review the unique features distinguishing Oriental from Western gallbladder disease based on a series of 690 patient who underwent surgical treatment at hospital 108 in Hanoi. Oriental cholangiohepatitis often affects in young patients with no gender predilection. The disease originates mainly in canaliculi and leads to blockage or obstruction of the main bile duct inside and outside the liver.

[Kidney cancer in horseshoe kidney. A case report of an unexpected diagnosis].

The authors report a case of renal cell carcinoma in a horseshoe kidney and discuss diagnostic and therapeutical aspects arising from this combination. Renal carcinoid tumors and nephroblastoma seems to be more frequent in this malformation. Diagnosis of horseshoe kidney may be difficult and angiography examination is very useful to confirm renal anomaly, tumor situation, and to plan the surgical approach because vascularization vary case to case.

[Value of the bilio-intestinal bypass in biliary disease in the Far East: retrospective study of 5 year experience at the Calmette Hospital of Phnom Penh (Cambodia)].

Gallstone disease in the Far East exhibits a number of special features regarding epidemiology and etiology as well as indications for and response to surgical treatment. Surgical bypass techniques seldom used for treatment of gallstone disease in the West can be highly effective in lowering complication and recurrence rates in oriental patients. The purpose of this retrospective report is to describe a 5-year experience with gallstone disease at the Calmette Hospital in Phnom Penh (Kingdom of Cambodia).

[Unusual testicular tumor: an ectopic spleen].

The authors report a case of discontinuous splenogonadal fusion diagnosed after left orchidectomy. Ectopic spleen in the scrotum is a rare congential anomaly frequently associated with other anomalies, especially limb defects. The diagnosis is difficult.

[Cambodia: creation of a university hospital center at Calmette Hospital. A new start for french medical cooperation?].

In Cambodia, reconstruction of the hospital facilities remaining after the widespread destruction of the health system that occurred in 1970 has been under way since 1990. France has officially committed itself to re-organizing the Cambodian health care system and is playing a leading role in several projects. Technical assistance is provided at the Calmette Hospital, which provides not only practical training but also as a wide range of medical services with a 220-bed facility including medical departments, surgical departments, an intensive care department and a surgical theater.

[Surgical treatment of neglected elbow dislocations. Report of 81 cases].

The neglected dislocations of the elbow are rare in Europe. In Africa, amongst 81 operated cases, during 10 years, 52 were seen again, with a follow-up between 4 months and 7 years. From this group, the authors are trying to define the place of open reductions and resections of the lower end of humerus.

[Open reduction of the elbow. Apropos of 29 neglected dislocations].

The authors describe results and technical difficulties faced in a series of 29 elbow dislocations using the open technic, then observed over a period between 5 years and 4 months. Results obtained are satisfactory, taking into consideration the primary stiffness. Results on stability are better than those obtained by resection of the lower part of the humerus.

[Resection of the distal part of the humerus in neglected elbow dislocations. Apropos of 23 case reports].

The authors describe the results obtained in 23 resections of the lower extremity of the humerus in neglected elbow dislocation examined after periods of between 7 years to 4 months. Results on elbow mobility are satisfactory in more than 70% of the cases, taking into consideration initial disability. But the cost of such intervention to be paid is often a laxity of the elbow and diminished strength.

[Cutaneous malignant melanomas in New Caledonia. Study of the Cancer Registry (1977-1987)].

Investigation of cancer registration files in New Caledonia over a period of 11 years (1977-1987) draws the following conclusions: --The uncorrected incidence rate of cutaneous malignant melanoma is 3.63/100,000 inhabitants/year, for all ethnic groups together. --The incidence rate in the "non-European" population is 0.

[Vaginal hysterectomy: its place in surgical practice overseas as related to the experience of the Principal Hospital of Dakar].

The authors report on their surgical practice of vaginal hysterectomy at the Principal Hospital of Dakar. First, they assign a place to the frequency of this technic. Then, they recall the major technical details, underlining advantages and limits.

[Uterine rupture. Apropos of a series of 52 cases from the brush].

Study of a new series of 52 cases of hysterorrhexis observed at Oddiene, county town in the North-West of Ivory Coast, underlines the pejorative impact of isolation and of the insufficiency of monitoring of the pregnancies in remote areas. The paper details causes and consequences of such an obstetrical catastrophic event, and reports some conclusions of the surgical treatment in which suturing is the most frequent act.

[Management of sexually-transmitted diseases diagnosed in women in tropical Africa].

Taking into account their own experience and very numerous recent publications, the authors proposed an easy protocol towards diagnosed S.T.D.

[Detection and treatment of renovascular syndromes of pregnancy excluding their progressive complications].

Three symptoms define the renovascular syndromes during pregnancy: hypertension, edemas and proteinuria. It is essential to detect them as soon as possible during the antepartal examinations. The directions for treatment consist in simple acts which are easy to perform in overseas conditions.

[Obstetrical activities at the Dakar Principal Hospital (a 4-year retrospective 1978-1981)].

The authors give an account of the obstetrical activity at Dakar Principal Hospital over the last four years. After a short description of the operating conditions, they present two tables: one displays the comprehensive activity and the other lists the indications for the cesarean section which are, most frequently, carried out with an emergency background and the incidence of which rates much lower (2,9 p. 100) than reported in the industrialized countries.