Formaldehyde in cryoprotectant propanediol and effect on mouse zygotes.

Cryopreservation of human zygotes and embryos has been routinely performed by in-vitro fertilization clinics for many years. Karran and Legge (1996) first reported that formaldehyde (FA) present in the cryoprotective solutions can have a deleterious effect on mouse oocytes. FA is a cytotoxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic chemical.

Methylene blue but not indigo carmine is toxic to human luteal cells in vitro.

Methylene blue (MB) is reported to be teratogenic when injected intra-amniotically. Indigo carmine (IC) appears to be a safe alternative. To determine if MB has potential detrimental effects on ovarian tissue, we compared the effect of MB and IC on human granulosa luteal cell (GC) function in vitro.

Cough-cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory: hemodynamics during an episode of prolonged hypotensive ventricular tachycardia.

Cough-CPR, a deep rhythmic forceful cough repeated 30-60 times per minute, can be an effective resuscitative technique during emergencies occurring in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. We provide documented evidence on the potential of cough-CPR to maintain adequate systemic arterial blood pressure and consciousness during malignant ventricular arrhythmias, including the longest cough-CPR episode (75-90 sec), with continuous hemodynamics recorded. Results in three patients disclose that 1) mean arterial pressure during cough-CPR was 47-66% of nonarrhythmic baseline at a cough rate of 38-46% of normal sinus rhythm heart rate; 2) mean arterial pressure during hypotensive ventricular tachycardia was 17-60 mm Hg higher with than without cough-CPR; 3) at comparable diastolic pressures (33 vs.

Induction of V2 receptors in renal medulla of homozygous Brattleboro rats by arginine vasopressin.

Homozygous Brattleboro rats display pronounced diabetes insipidus and when treated continuously with arginine vasopressin (AVP) acquire the ability to produce concentrated urine. In this study, the effects of continual AVP replacement on the pharmacological properties of the renal medullary V2 receptor and coupling to adenylate cyclase were examined. Osmotic minipumps that delivered AVP at four different rates were implanted into male homozygous Brattleboro rats.

Effects of flecainide on defibrillation thresholds in the anesthetized dog.

The effects of flecainide on defibrillation thresholds in 21 open chest, anesthetized dogs were studied. Defibrillation was accomplished using nontruncated exponential pulses delivered through two epicardial patches. Multiple shocks of varying energy were administered after 10 s of ventricular fibrillation in random order.

Effects of ventricular fibrillation and defibrillation on pacing threshold in the anesthetized dog.

The effects of transthoracic and internal defibrillation on the bipolar ventricular pacing threshold in 20 anesthetized dogs were examined. Ventricular pacing was accomplished with a computer-controlled, constant voltage pacemaker that permitted rapid determination of pacing threshold. Defibrillation at various energy levels was administered during ventricular pacing and after ventricular fibrillation of 5, 15, 30, 45, 60 or 120 s duration in the 20 dogs.