Tiny pills, big impacts: A systematic review on the endocrine disrupting effects of paediatric pharmaceuticals.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may impact children's health, with medicines as a possible exposure source. Objective: to assess the potential impact of substances in paediatric medications and essential oils on children as EDC. It is a systematic review of five databases including Medline following the PECOT approach.

[Integrated clinical pharmacy activities into the pediatric kidney graft pathway].

The pediatric renal graft pathway is at risk of care discontinuation, even though therapeutic adherence is essential. The objective is to evaluate the integration of clinical pharmacy activities into this care pathway. This feasibility study is divided into three stages: structuring, implementing and evaluation.

[EASYSCAN: French pilot study for securing drug administration by barcode reading].

Objectives: Medication errors are common at the time of administration. To prevent them, technologies allowing consistency check by bar code technology at bedside have been developed. Our study focuses on the evaluation of a BarCode Medication Administration (BCMA) called EASYSCAN with Electronic Medication Administration Record (e-MAR) to verify both patient's identity and medication to be administrated.

Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Dosing Simulations of Tobramycin in Pediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Initial dosing and dose adjustment of intravenous tobramycin in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is challenging. The objectives of this study were to develop nonparametric population pharmacokinetic (PK) models of tobramycin in children with CF to be used for dosage design and model-guided therapeutic drug monitoring. We performed a retrospective analysis of tobramycin PK data in our children's CF center.

Efficacy and Safety of a 0.1% Tacrolimus Nasal Ointment as a Treatment for Epistaxis in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare but ubiquitous genetic disease. Epistaxis is the most frequent and life-threatening manifestation and tacrolimus, an immunosuppressive agent, appears to be an interesting new treatment option because of its anti-angiogenic properties. Our objective was to evaluate, six weeks after the end of the treatment, the efficacy on the duration of nosebleeds of tacrolimus nasal ointment, administered for six weeks to patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia complicated by nosebleeds, and we performed a prospective, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, ratio 1:1 phase II study.

Efficacy of TIMOLOL nasal spray as a treatment for epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare vascular genetic disease. Epistaxis is the most frequent and disabling manifestation, and timolol appears to be a new therapeutic option as non-selective beta-blockers have in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic properties. Our main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of TIMOLOL nasal spray as a treatment for epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Radiochemical purity of technetium-99m-nanocolloid rhenium sulphide is not influenced by heating.

Despite a mistake during the preparation of technetium-99m (Tc)-nanocolloid rhenium sulphide (Nanocis) because of lack of heating, the apparent radiochemical purity (RCP) of this product was correct. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of absence of heating on the RCP of Tc-nanocolloid rhenium sulphide and the effect of heating on particle size. Five Tc-Nanocis were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions and five others were realized without any heating step.

[Factors influencing the acceptability of pediatric galenic formulations].

Background And Goal Of This Study: Few available galenic formulations of drugs have pediatric doses, so that many of them are used off label in children. The influence of such pharmaceutical formulation on therapeutic adherence was evaluated in a systematic review of the literature.

Materials And Methods: This search was performed in 4 data bases: Medline, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Science Direct.

Effect of Bevacizumab Nasal Spray on Epistaxis Duration in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangectasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Epistaxis is the most frequent and disabling manifestation of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). The efficacy of intravenous bevacizumab (an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody) for epistaxis has been shown. However, the efficacy of intranasal bevacizumab has yet to be evaluated.

Oral drug dosage forms administered to hospitalized children: Analysis of 117,665 oral administrations in a French paediatric hospital over a 1-year period.

Selecting the most appropriate dosage form, that ensures safe administration and adherence of medications, is a major issue for children. Marketed drugs, however, have rarely been tested for their use in children. There is a need for more data on drug formulations administered to children to identify unmet needs, and drive future paediatric research.

[Pharmacist's interventions on outpatient prescriptions in a university hospital drugs sales service].

Unlabelled: For public health reasons, some drugs are only available in hospital drugs sales service. This activity takes place in a specific risk context of organization, patients and/or drugs. A systematic prescription analysis by pharmacist contributes to securise treatment dispensed.

The effect of methylphenidate on neurofibromatosis type 1: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with an estimated prevalence of about 1/3000, independent of ethnicity, race, or gender. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity like Disorder (ADHD)-like characteristics are often reported in patients with NF1. We hypothesised that learning disabilities in NF1 children were related to ADHD symptoms.

Management of glioblastoma: comparison of clinical practices and cost-effectiveness in two cohorts of patients (2008 versus 2004) diagnosed in a French university hospital.

What Is Known And Objective: Therapeutic options for the management of glioblastoma (GBM) have greatly evolved over the last decade with the emergence of new regimens combining radiotherapy plus temozolomide and the use of bevacizumab at recurrence. Our aim was to assess the clinical and economic impacts of those novel strategies in our center.

Methods: A single-center retrospective chart review was conducted on patients newly diagnosed with a GBM over two periods (year 2004, group 1 or year 2008, group 2) with limitations to those eligible to radiotherapy after initial diagnosis.

[Study of physicochemical and bacteriological impact of a weekly assembly of automated compounding BAXA(®) Exacta-Mix 2400 on parenteral nutrition admixture manufacturing].

Introduction: The parenteral nutrition admixtures are manufactured with an automated compounding BAXA(®) Exacta-Mix 2400. A 48-hour assembly has been validated. To optimize time and cost, a weekly assembly was tested.

[Stability and sterility of parenteral nutrition admixture for patients home care manufactured by the automated compounding BAXA® EM 2400].

Introduction: Initially, parenteral nutrition admixtures are produced by sterile filtration with a stability of 14 days This study was conducted to check the stability (physicochemical and microbiological) when automated compounding BAXA(®) EM 2400 is used.

Materials And Methods: Forty pockets corresponding to 10 patients have been manufactured in according to Good Manufacturing Practice. Macroscopic and physicochemical tests (determination of electrolytes by atomic absorption spectroscopy, osmolality and pH measurements) were performed at different times (D0, D7, D14).

[Depyrogenation test regarding inox and glass containers in the preparation of parenteral nutrition mixtures].

Introduction: The preparation of parenteral nutrition mixture (PNM) in an open chamber requires the use of intermediate containers sterile and non-pyrogenic. A sterilization of containers by moist heat in large autoclaves is the suitable method. However, sterilization by moist heat is not a depyrogenation method.

[Accuracy, precision and speed of parenteral nutrition admixture bags manufacturing: comparison between automated and manual methods].

Introduction: The parenteral nutrition admixture (PNA) manufacturing in hospital pharmacy is realized by aseptic transfer (AT) or sterilizing filtration (SF). The development of filling systems for PNA manufacturing requires, without standard, an evaluation comparing to traditional methods of SF.

Materials And Methods: The filling accuracy of automated AT and SF was evaluated by mass and physical-chemistry tests in repeatability conditions (identical composition of PNA; n=five bags) and reproducibility conditions (different composition of PNA; n=57 bags).

[Comparison of three ventilatory modes during immediate postoperative transfer of cardiac surgical patients].

Objective: Compare three ventilatory strategies during the immediate postoperative transfer of cardiac surgical patient.

Study Design: Prospective, comparative and observational study.

Patients And Methods: After approval by our local ethical committee, 330 patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery were consecutively included.

[Clinical, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic study of amikacin with single daily dose and in combination in neutropenic children with fever].

Background: The efficacy of single daily dose of amikacin has been recently demonstrated in neutropenic children with fever.

Population And Methods: Eighteen children aged 1 to 15 years were included in the study. All patients were febrile and granulocytopenic and had indwelling intravenous catheter.

How many patients and blood levels are necessary for population pharmacokinetic analysis? A study of a one compartment model applied to cyclosporine.

Objective: This paper describes a method to determine the number of patients and the number of blood levels which are appropriate for a pharmacokinetic population analysis.

Methods: We studied this question by performing 203 runs of population analysis, using the NPEM algorithm with a one compartment model, starting with only one patient and only one blood level, then 2 patients with one blood level each, until reaching 38 patients each with 5 blood levels. Data were obtained from liver transplant patients treated with cyclosporine.

Prediction of future serum concentrations with Bayesian fitted pharmacokinetic models: results with data collected by nurses versus trained pharmacy residents.

Recording the times of dosage administration and serum sampling by trained personnel resulted in significantly greater adherence to the protocol of therapeutic drug monitoring and in significantly greater precision in the achievement of desired serum concentration goals of aminoglycoside therapy than when relatively untrained personnel recorded it as a comparatively unemphasized part of their job. This was true even when only data of peak and trough serum concentrations were used. This study demonstrates that thoughtful data collection by appropriately trained nursing, pharmacy, or other clinical personnel is an essential part of therapeutic drug monitoring and plays a significant role in the optimal individualization of drug dosage regimens for patient care.

[Contamination of ternary mixtures of parenteral nutrition by barium].

Patients treated with chronic parenteral nutrition develop metabolic bone diseases. Because of the chemical relationship between barium and calcium, and the barium bone affinity, a possible responsibility of this element in this bone pathology has been searched. The study of the different parenteral nutrition components shows that significant concentrations of barium have been found in total parenteral nutrition bags.

[Evaluation of urinary calcium/creatinine ratio in premature and full-term newborn infants].

Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (U Ca/creat) was studied in infants, term and preterm newborn babies. In 31 1.5-24 months old healthy infants, the median U Ca/creat was 0.