Enhancing gray-to-white matter contrast in 3T T1 spin-echo brain scans by optimizing flip angle.

Background And Purpose: Compared with MR imaging at 1.5T T1-weighted spin-echo imaging at 3T shows up with reduced gray-to-white matter contrast. The purpose of the present study was to show the effects of alterations of different flip angles as an easily accessible parameter to increase gray-to-white matter contrast.

Antrochoanal polyp and obstructive sleep apnoea in children.

Antrochoanal polyps were first documented in the 18th century. They represent one of the most common types of nasal polyps in children without cystic fibrosis. Only a few reports on children who had a history of snoring due to an antrochoanal polyp and only two cases where the antrochoanal polyp caused documented obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have been published so far.

Microvascular permeability is increased in both types of diabetes and correlates differentially with serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) both play a pivotal role in diabetic microangiopathy. This study assessed the relationship between capillary permeability as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and serum VEGF and IGF-I levels in normotensive diabetics. Subjects were 10 Type 1 (6/4, male/female, age: 30 [mean] +/- 5 [SD] years, HbA1c: 7.