Assessing Jealousy: Factor Analyses, Measurement Invariance, Nomological Validity, and Longitudinal APIM Analyses of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale.

The Multidimensional Jealousy Scale is the standard instrument to assess cognitive, emotional, and behavioral jealousy. We examined competing factor models and external correlations with broad and narrow traits. Across two studies, we analyzed four samples ( = 2,117).

Interpersonal Perception of Adult Playfulness at Zero-Acquaintance: A Conceptual Replication Study of Self-Other Agreement and Consensus, and an Extension to Two Accuracy Criteria.

Objective: We replicated and extended previous research examining the accuracy of judgments of four facets of adult playfulness (Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical; OLIW) at zero-acquaintance.

Method: We conducted a conceptual replication study. One hundred sixty targets provided self-ratings for the OLIW facets, textual self-descriptions (≤ five sentences), daily self-ratings of playfulness for 14 consecutive days, and ratings by knowledgeable others.

Extending the study of playfulness in romantic life: Analyzing associations with attachment and jealousy in same-gender and opposite-gender couples.

Adult playfulness describes individual differences in (re)framing situations so that they are experienced as entertaining, and/or interesting, and/or intellectually stimulating. There is increasing interest in its role for romantic life. Using the OLIW model of playfulness, we localized its facets Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical playfulness into systems of attachment styles and romantic jealousy.

Introduction to the Special Issue "Personality and Individual Differences".

The study of intelligence is one of the foundations of scientific psychology, and for more than a century, researchers from psychology and other disciplines such as neuroscience, genetics, and education have been interested in extending the knowledge about the structure and correlates of intelligence [...

Associations of family socioeconomic indicators and physical activity of primary school-aged children: a systematic review.

Background: Family socioeconomic indicators (education, occupation, and household income) are key determinants influencing children's physical activity (PA). This study aims to systematically review the current research about the association between family socioeconomic indicators and PA among primary school-aged children and to quantify the distribution of reported associations by childs' and parents' sex and according to analysis and assessment methods.

Methods: A systematic literature research in multiple scientific databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SPORTDiscus and ERIC) was performed for literature published between 1st January 2010 and 31st March 2022.

Playfulness in middle- and older age: testing associations with life satisfaction, character strengths, and flourishing.

Objectives: Playfulness describes individual differences in (re)framing situations in a way that they are experienced as interesting, intellectually stimulating, or entertaining. We extended the study of playfulness to groups of middle- and higher age and examined the relations of four facets of playfulness (Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical) to indicators of positive psychological functioning.

Method: We collected self-report data from 210 participants aged between 50 and 98 years.

Exploring the acquaintanceship effect for the accuracy of judgments of traits and profiles of adult playfulness.

Objective: We aimed to extend the research on the interpersonal perception of adult playfulness (global and facets: Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical [OLIW]) by testing whether judgmental accuracy relates to indicators of acquaintanceship.

Background: Playfulness has been found to contribute to social relationships.

Method: Using data from 658 dyads (1,318 participants) who had been acquainted for 1 month to 62.

Impostor Phenomenon and L2 willingness to communicate: Testing communication anxiety and perceived L2 competence as mediators.

The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) describes experiences of perceived intellectual fraudulence despite the existence of objectively good performances, and it is a robust predictor of experiences and outcomes in higher education. We examined the role of the IP in the domain of second language (L2) acquisition by testing its relations with a robust predictor of L2 use, willingness to communicate (WTC). We collected self-reports of 400 adult Iranian L2 learners and tested the associations between the IP and WTC.

Technical comment on Rolón, V., Geher, G., Link, J., and Mackiel, C. (2021). Personality correlates of COVID-19 infection proclivity: Extraversion kills. Personality and Individual Differences, 180, 110994.

In a recent study, Rolón and colleagues (2021) provided self-report data on a six-item extraversion scale, self-reported COVID-19 infection status, and political ideology from  = 53 previously infected and 164 previously noninfected participants. Based on comparisons of the subsamples concerning domain and facet scores in extraversion (0.04 ≤  ≤ 0.

Testing associations between language use in descriptions of playfulness and age, gender, and self-reported playfulness in German-speaking adults.

Adult playfulness describes individual differences in (re)framing everyday situations as personally interesting, and/or entertaining, and/or intellectually stimulating. We aimed at extending initial evidence on the interconnectedness between language use and adult playfulness by asking 264 participants ( = 26.5 years, = 9.

Network Analysis for a Community-Based School- and Family-Based Obesity Prevention Program.

Rising childhood obesity with its detrimental health consequences poses a challenge to the health care system. Community-based, multi-setting interventions with the participatory involvement of relevant stakeholders are emerging as promising. To gain insights into the structural and processual characteristics of stakeholder networks, conducting a network analysis (NA) is advisable.

"Play with Me, Darling!" Testing the Associations between Adult Playfulness and Indicators of Sexuality.

Previous studies have shown that individual differences in adult playfulness are important in interpersonal relationships. However, there is a lack of research on the role of playfulness in human sexuality. Using three studies with four independently collected samples ( = 1,124) we tested the differential relations between global playfulness and four facets of playfulness (ther-directed, ighthearted, ntellectual, himsical; OLIW) with broad ("Sexy Seven") and narrow (sociosexuality, sexual sensation seeking, and sexual compulsivity) sexuality-related personality traits and sadomasochistic sexual practices (BDSM).

Fear of being laughed at in Italian healthcare workers: Testing associations with humor styles and coping humor.

Humor is a strategy that healthcare workers can use to help patients cope with stress and manage complex situations. However, people differ in how they deal with laughter. Our aim was to investigate gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at) among healthcare professionals and its relationships with humor styles and inclinations to use humor for coping.

Testing the Associations Between Adult Playfulness and Sensation Seeking: A SEM Analysis of Librarians and Police Officers.

Playfulness is an understudied personality trait in adults. We examined the relationships between facets of adult playfulness and sensation seeking (SS) in distant vocational groups, namely, librarians ( = 339) and police officers ( = 399). First, manifest and latent group comparisons (measurement invariance [MI] analysis) showed that police officers were higher in SS than librarians, while we found no group differences for playfulness.

Testing the associations between dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at and romantic jealousy in couples: An APIM analysis.

Objective: How people deal with ridicule and being laughed at plays a role in romantic life. We extend the research on the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia), joy in being laughed at (gelotophilia), and joy in laughing at others (katagelasticism) by testing their associations with romantic jealousy and its consequences for relationship satisfaction (RS).

Method: Our study is based on Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analyses of self and partner ratings of the laughter-related dispositions using data from 228 opposite-sex couples.

Eat, Sleep, Console and Adjunctive Buprenorphine Improved Outcomes in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

Background: The worsening opioid crisis has increased the number of infants exposed to maternal opioids. Standard treatment of newborns exposed to opioids prenatally often requires prolonged hospitalization and separation of the mother-infant dyad. These practices can potentially increase severity of withdrawal symptoms, interrupt breastfeeding, and disturb mother-infant bonding.

Can Playfulness be Stimulated? A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Online Playfulness Intervention Study on Effects on Trait Playfulness, Well-Being, and Depression.

Background: While there are numerous applications of play-based interventions, there is little research on playfulness-based interventions. We applied interventions that aim at stimulating playfulness and test effects on happiness and depressive symptoms.

Method: In a randomised placebo-controlled online intervention, N = 533 participants were assigned to one of three 1-week playfulness conditions (i.

Analyzing a German-language Expanded Form of the PhoPhiKat-45: Psychometric Properties, Factorial Structure, Measurement Invariance with the Likert-Version, and Self-Peer Convergence.

Personality assessment typically relies on self-report questionnaires utilizing Likert-type scales. Recently, the Expanded format has been proposed as alternative, but research on the consequences of adapting Likert-like responses to Expanded items is sparse. We adapt a multidimensional measure into the Expanded format: the PhoPhiKat-45.

Beyond the big five as predictors of dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at: The HEXACO model and the dark triad.

We aimed to extend research on dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at by testing the localization of the fear of (gelotophobia) and the joy in (gelotophilia) being laughed at, and the joy in laughing at others (katagelasticism) in the HEXACO model and the Dark Triad traits (both have not been examined so far). Study 1 (HEXACO model: N = 216) showed that gelotophobia was related to low extraversion, high emotionality, and low honesty-humility; gelotophilia to high extraversion and high openness to experience; and katagelasticism to low agreeableness and low honesty-humility. These results were similar to prior findings based on the Five-Factor model, and supported the notion that the honesty-humility trait contributes to the prediction of individual differences in gelotophobia and katagelasticism.

The Positive Relationships of Playfulness With Indicators of Health, Activity, and Physical Fitness.

Adult playfulness is a personality trait that enables people to frame or reframe everyday situations in such a way that they experience them as entertaining, intellectually stimulating, or personally interesting. Earlier research supports the notion that playfulness is associated with the pursuit of an active way of life. While playful children are typically described as being active, only limited knowledge exists on whether playfulness in adults is also associated with physical activity.

Phylogenetic and genomic analyses of the ribosomal oxygenases Riox1 (No66) and Riox2 (Mina53) provide new insights into their evolution.

Background: Translation of specific mRNAs can be highly regulated in different cells, tissues or under pathological conditions. Ribosome heterogeneity can originate from variable expression or post-translational modifications of ribosomal proteins. The ribosomal oxygenases RIOX1 (NO66) and RIOX2 (MINA53) modify ribosomal proteins by histidine hydroxylation.

Prediction of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Primary Breast Cancer Comparing Interim Ultrasound, Shear Wave Elastography and MRI.

Background:  Prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) of primary breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) may influence planned surgical approaches in the breast and axilla. The aim of this project is to assess the value of interim shear wave elastography (SWE), ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after 3 cycles in predicting pCR.

Methods:  64 patients receiving NACT had baseline and interim US, SWE and MRI examinations.

Inhomogeneous distribution of Alzheimer pathology along the isocortical relief. Are cortical convolutions an Achilles heel of evolution?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuropathologically characterized by neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Progression of both plaques and tangles throughout the brain follows a hierarchical distribution which is defined by intrinsic cytoarchitectonic features and extrinsic connectivity patterns. What has less well been studied is how cortical convolutions influence the distribution of AD pathology.