A Systematic Review of the Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Mental Health Service Utilization and Outcomes Among Asian American Cancer Survivors.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to identify relationships between social determinants of mental health service utilization and outcomes among Asian American cancer survivors in the United States (U.S.).

Risk-Benefit Analysis of Novel Treatments for Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis.

Introduction: This study used network meta-analysis (NMA) to inform and compare the number needed to treat (NNT), number needed to harm (NNH), and cost per improved outcome (CPIO) associated with more recently approved treatments for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (anti-AChR Ab+) generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).

Methods: Clinical trials of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) inhibitors, efgartigimod intravenous (IV) and rozanolixizumab, and complement inhibitors, ravulizumab and zilucoplan, versus placebo (with background conventional treatment) were included in the primary NMA to compare efficacy and safety outcomes. The outputs from the NMAs were used to estimate NNT and NNH of each treatment versus placebo.

Pathogenicity and Metabolomic Characterization of and Challenge in Barley under Controlled Conditions.

Barley is the third most important cereal crop in terms of production in Canada, and Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the main fungal diseases of barley. FHB is caused by a species complex of Fusaria, of which Schwabe is the main causal species of FHB epidemics in Canada. Field surveys show that two or more species often co-exist within the same field or grain sample, and is reported as another important species in barley.

Post-hoc analyses from the ADAPT clinical study demonstrate aggregate sustained benefit of Efgartigimod in generalized myasthenia gravis.

Objectives: This post-hoc analysis evaluates the long-term efficacy of efgartigimod versus placebo in adult patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) with acetylcholine-receptor autoantibodies (AChR-Ab+), based on data from the ADAPT RCT and its open-label extension ADAPT+.

Methods: Changes from baseline in Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) and Myasthenia Gravis-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scores were assessed by treatment group over the ADAPT (up to 20 weeks) and ADAPT+ time horizon (extended to 64 weeks for efgartigimod group patients). Response to treatment was defined as 5-point reduction in QMG or 3-point reduction in MG-ADL vs.

Temporal regulation of BMP2 growth factor signaling in response to mechanical loading is linked to cytoskeletal and focal adhesion remodeling.

Biophysical cues have the ability to enhance cellular signaling response to Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, an essential growth factor during bone development and regeneration. Yet, therapeutic application of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) is restricted due to uncontrolled side effects. An understanding of the temporal characteristics of mechanically regulated signaling events and underlying mechanism is lacking.

Care coordination models for transition and long-term follow-up among childhood cancer survivors: a scoping review.

Objectives: Childhood cancer survivors may experience complex health issues during transition and long-term follow-up (LTFU); therefore, high-quality healthcare is warranted. Care coordination is one of the essential concepts in advanced healthcare. Care coordination models vary among childhood cancer survivors in transition and LTFU.

A cyclic lipopeptide from Fusarium graminearum targets plant membranes to promote virulence.

Microbial plant pathogens deploy amphipathic cyclic lipopeptides to reduce surface tension in their environment. While plants can detect these molecules to activate cellular stress responses, the role of these lipopeptides or associated host responses in pathogenesis are not fully clear. The gramillin cyclic lipopeptide is produced by the Fusarium graminearum fungus and is a virulence factor and toxin in maize.

The sequelae of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adolescents and young adults: protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving treatment for adolescents and young adults (ages 15-39) with hematologic malignancy. Given the significant developmental milestones usually achieved during this unique life stage, this population is especially vulnerable to the interruption caused by a cancer diagnosis and its treatment. HSCT is a particularly invasive form of cancer therapy with many negative physical, social, and psychological sequelae.

Mechanical heterogeneity in a soft biomaterial niche controls BMP2 signaling.

The extracellular matrix is known to impact cell function during regeneration by modulating growth factor signaling. However, how the mechanical properties and structure of biomaterials can be used to optimize the cellular response to growth factors is widely neglected. Here, we engineered a macroporous biomaterial to study cellular signaling in environments that mimic the mechanical stiffness but also the mechanical heterogeneity of native extracellular matrix.

A mixed-method evaluation of implementation determinants for chaplain intervention in a hospital setting.

Healthcare chaplains address broad social and emotional dimensions of care within a pluralistic religious landscape. Although the development and evaluation of chaplaincy interventions has advanced the field, little research has investigated factors influencing the implementation of new chaplain interventions. In this mixed-method study, we examined attitudes about evidence-based interventions held by chaplain residents (n = 39) at the outset of an ACPE-accredited residency program in the southeast United States.

External Mechanical Stability Regulates Hematoma Vascularization in Bone Healing Rather than Endothelial YAP/TAZ Mechanotransduction.

Bone fracture healing is regulated by mechanobiological cues. Both, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and microvascular assembly determine the dynamics of the regenerative processes. Mechanical instability as by inter-fragmentary shear or compression is known to influence early ECM formation and wound healing.

History and current status of the survivorship care program at the University of California, Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCLA JCCC).

As one of the first comprehensive cancer centers to receive a designation from the National Cancer Institute, the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA Health has served as a leader in survivorship research for three decades. A clinical survivorship program for childhood cancer survivors was established in the early 2000s as this became a standard of care in pediatric oncology. However, it was not until receipt of external funding and the establishment of a Survivorship Center of Excellence in 2006 that clinical services were expanded to include adult cancer survivors, as well as survivorship care delivery research in the community and at affiliated clinical sites.

Spiritual health practitioners' contributions to psychedelic assisted therapy: A qualitative analysis.

Background: Psychedelic-assisted therapies hold early promise for treating multiple psychiatric conditions. However, absent standards for the care, teams providing psychedelic-assisted therapy pose a major roadblock to safe administration. Psychedelics often produce spiritually and existentially meaningful experiences, and spiritual health practitioners have been involved in administering psychedelic-assisted therapies in multiple settings, suggesting important qualifications for delivering these therapies.

Survivorship care in breast cancer: understanding implementation barriers through the lens of the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Background: Breast cancer survivorship guidelines with specific recommendations on managing long-term effects are available, but uptake in clinical practice remains low. Using the lens of the Theoretical Domains Framework, we aimed to understand key factors in guideline-concordant management of long-term effects to inform future implementation efforts in clinical practice contexts.

Methods: As part of a broader survey of oncologists, a theory-guided questionnaire was developed.

Sex- and age-related differences in the inflammatory properties of cardiac fibroblasts: impact on the cardiosplenic axis and cardiac fibrosis.

Background: Age and sex are prominent risk factors for heart failure and determinants of structural and functional changes of the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts (cFB) are beyond their task as extracellular matrix-producing cells further recognized as inflammation-supporting cells. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of sex and age on the inflammatory potential of cFB and its impact on the cardiosplenic axis and cardiac fibrosis.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi heterokaryons have two nuclear populations with distinct roles in host-plant interactions.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are prominent root symbionts that can carry thousands of nuclei deriving from two parental strains in a large syncytium. These co-existing genomes can also vary in abundance with changing environmental conditions. Here we assemble the nuclear genomes of all four publicly available AMF heterokaryons using PacBio high-fidelity and Hi-C sequencing.

Effect of efgartigimod on muscle group subdomains in participants with generalized myasthenia gravis: post hoc analyses of the phase 3 pivotal ADAPT study.

Background And Purpose: Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic, neuromuscular autoimmune disease mediated by pathogenic immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies. Patients with gMG experience debilitating muscle weakness, resulting in impaired mobility, speech, swallowing, vision and respiratory function. Efgartigimod is a human IgG1 antibody Fc fragment engineered for increased binding affinity to neonatal Fc receptor.

Dissecting the influence of cellular senescence on cell mechanics and extracellular matrix formation in vitro.

Tissue formation and healing both require cell proliferation and migration, but also extracellular matrix production and tensioning. In addition to restricting proliferation of damaged cells, increasing evidence suggests that cellular senescence also has distinct modulatory effects during wound healing and fibrosis. Yet, a direct role of senescent cells during tissue formation beyond paracrine signaling remains unknown.

Real-world utilization patterns of intravenous immunoglobulin in adults with generalized myasthenia gravis in the United States.

Objective: To evaluate real-world utilization patterns of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) among patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) over 3 years post-IVIg initiation.

Methods: Patients with gMG who initiated IVIg treatment were identified from a United States claims database (Symphony Health's Integrated Dataverse [IDV]®, January 1, 2014 - December 31, 2019). The frequency of subsequent IVIg treatment and associated cost during the year post-IVIg initiation were analyzed.

Back From the Dead: The Atypical Kinase Activity of a Pseudokinase Regulator of Cation Fluxes During Inducible Immunity.

Pseudokinases are thought to lack phosphotransfer activity due to altered canonical catalytic residues within their kinase domain. However, a subset of pseudokinases maintain activity through atypical phosphotransfer mechanisms. The Arabidopsis ILK1 is a pseudokinase from the Raf-like MAP3K family and is the only known plant pseudokinase with confirmed protein kinase activity.

Characterizing cell recruitment into isotropic and anisotropic biomaterials by quantification of spatial density gradients .

The success of cell-free tissue engineering approaches depends on an appropriate recruitment of autologous cells from neighboring tissues. This identifies cellular migration as a critical parameter for the pre-clinical characterization of biomaterials. Here, we present a new method to quantify both the extent and the spatial anisotropy of cell migration .

A mixed method study of medical oncologists' perceived barriers and motivators to addressing long-term effects in breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify oncologist-reported barriers and motivators in addressing long-term effects with breast cancer survivors.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from a survey of U.S.