An online national quality assessment survey of prostate MRI reading: interreader variability in prostate volume measurement and PI-RADS classification.

Background: High-quality assessment of prostate MRI is fundamental in both clinical practice and screening. There is a lack of national level data on variability in prostate volume measurement and PI-RADS assessment. Methods of quality assurance need to be developed.

Time trends for the use of active surveillance and deferred treatment for localised prostate cancer in Sweden: a nationwide study.

Objective: Active surveillance (AS) is recommended for low-risk and some favourable intermediate-risk prostate cancers, but criteria for AS and deferred treatment have changed over time. We assessed time trends for the use of AS and deferred treatment.

Material And Methods: Nationwide Swedish register study of 76,191 men diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk localised prostate cancer from 2008 to 2020.

Serum Androgens as Predictive Biomarkers: Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Enzalutamide and Abiraterone Acetate in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between baseline androgen concentrations and outcomes in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with first-line enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP).

Materials And Methods: We previously randomized men with mCRPC to enzalutamide or AAP to compare side-effects and measured androgen concentrations. In this post-hoc analysis, patients were grouped in quartiles (Q) based on their serum androgen values.

Risk Factors for Infection After Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Population-based Register Study.

Background And Objective: Infection after transrectal prostate biopsy (TPBx) is a well-known risk. A comprehensive investigation of risk factors may identify measures for safe TPBx as an alternative to a change in biopsy route. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for infection after TPBx.

[Prostate cancer - a disease in transformation].

This article introduces a series of articles covering some of the most important aspects of contemporary prostate cancer care. After the introduction of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and systematic prostate biopsies in the early 1990s, the incidence of localised prostate cancer and the use of radical treatment rose dramatically. Improved diagnostic methods and understanding of the tumour biology now reduce overdiagnosis and pave the way for organised screening.

[Prostate cancer - from the patients' perspective].

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Swedish men. To get this diagnose is not only a threat to the men's lives but also to their quality of life because the treatment often affects sexuality, bladder function and bowel function. It is therefore particularly problematic that the rehabilitation of men after treatment for prostate cancer often does not reach the standards set out in the national guidelines.

[Treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer].

There is a long history of curative treatment of prostate cancer. However, as prostate cancer often grows very slowly, and symptoms do not have time to develop during a person's lifetime, a more tentative approach has become more and more common in many cases. This may be through either watchful waiting or active surveillance.

[Prostate cancer - diagnostics and screening].

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based screening is controversial, even though randomised trials show that screening can reduce prostate cancer mortality. The main reason is that screening leads to overdiagnosis of indolent cancers that would never have surfaced clinically in the absence of screening. Recently, several large studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improves prostate cancer diagnostics.

Socioeconomic inequality in prostate cancer diagnostics, primary treatment, rehabilitation, and mortality in Sweden.

We designed a nationwide study to investigate the association between socioeconomic factors (household income and education) and different aspects of prostate cancer care, considering both individual- and neighbourhood-level variables. Data were obtained from Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe), a research database with data from several national health care registers including clinical characteristics and treatments for nearly all men diagnosed with prostate cancer in Sweden. Four outcomes were analysed: use of pre-biopsy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 2018-2020 (n = 11,843), primary treatment of high-risk non-metastatic disease in 2016-2020 (n = 6633), rehabilitation (≥2 dispensed prescriptions for erectile dysfunction within 1 year from surgery in 2016-2020, n = 6505), and prostate cancer death in 7770 men with high-risk non-metastatic disease diagnosed in 2010-2016.

Normalised repeat serum prostate-specific antigen: associations with age and magnetic resonance imaging results.

Objective: To assess the value of a repeat prostate-specific antigen measurement (PSA2) before magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in men with a raised PSA (PSA1) <10 µg/L.

Method: Medical records of men aged < 75 years referred in 2021 for PSA1 3.0-9.

Population-based Organised Prostate Cancer Testing: Results from the First Invitation of 50-year-old Men.

Background: The European Union recently recommended evaluation of the feasibility of organised prostate cancer screening. In Sweden, regional population-based organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes were introduced in 2020.

Objective: To describe initial participation rates and diagnostic outcomes.

Family History and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A National Multiregister Case-Control Study.

Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate the association between family history of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and RCC risk.

Materials And Methods: RCC cases diagnosed in Sweden between 2005 and 2014 and 10 matched controls were identified using the Renal Cell Cancer Database Sweden, with linkage to the Multigeneration Register and the Swedish Cancer Registry. The association between a family history of RCC and RCC was investigated, overall and by sex and age groups.

How to follow the new EU Council recommendation and improve prostate cancer early detection: the Prostaforum 2022 declaration.

Unlabelled: An updated Council of the EU recommendation on cancer screening was adopted in December 2022 during the Czech EU presidency. The recommendation included prostate cancer as a suitable target disease for organised screening, and invited countries to proceed with piloting and further research. To support further discussions and actions to promote early detection of prostate cancer, an international conference in November 2022 (Prostaforum 2022) resulted in a joint declaration.

Men's Perception of Being Invited for Prostate Cancer Testing and the Information About Its Pros and Cons-A Survey from Two Population-based Testing Programmes.

Background: There is no national screening programme for prostate cancer in Sweden. Instead, population-based organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) projects are introduced to make information and testing more equal and effective.

Objective: To evaluate men's perception of being invited to OPT and of the information in the invitation letter, and whether their perception is influenced by educational level.

2022 Update on Prostate Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Factors-A Systematic Review.

Context: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of the disease is paramount to improve primary and secondary prevention strategies.

Objective: To systematically review and summarize the current evidence on the descriptive epidemiology, large screening studies, diagnostic techniques, and risk factors of PCa.

Baseline Serum Prostate-specific Antigen Value Predicts the Risk of Subsequent Prostate Cancer Death-Results from the Norwegian Prostate Cancer Consortium.

Background And Objective: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in midlife are strongly associated with the long-term risk of lethal prostate cancer in cohorts not subject to screening. This is the first study evaluating the association between PSA levels drawn as part of routine medical care in the Norwegian population and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. The objective of the study was to determine the association between midlife PSA levels <4.