Reduced time spent with patients and decreased satisfaction in work during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the healthcare system, affecting physician wellbeing. The consequences of reduced time spent with patients at bedside during the pandemic has not been investigated. The objectives of this study include assessing time spent with patients, physician wellbeing and patient satisfaction before and during the pandemic.

From science to society: Exploring the nexus between obesity research and public awareness in Brazil.

Raising public awareness about the medical aspects of obesity is crucial in Brazil, given its escalating prevalence. This study investigated the correlation between scientific research on obesity in the country and public awareness by scrutinizing scientific publications and online search trends. Scientific data were sourced from Dimensions, while online engagement data were extracted from Google Trends.

High-frequency chest wall oscillation devices: An umbrella review and bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: High-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) devices are used to improve airway clearance in various respiratory conditions. This study comprehensively assesses the evidence on efficacy and safety and identifies trends in scientific publications and patents across geographic regions.

Methods: This study utilized an integrated approach, combining bibliographic and bibliometric research with artificial intelligence (AI) tools.

Accuracy of Online Artificial Intelligence Models in Primary Care Settings.

Introduction: The importance of preventive medicine and primary care in the sphere of public health is expanding, yet a gap exists in the utilization of recommended medical services. As patients increasingly turn to online resources for supplementary advice, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in providing accurate and reliable information has emerged. The present study aimed to assess ChatGPT-4's and Google Bard's capacity to deliver accurate recommendations in preventive medicine and primary care.

Factors Associated With Maintenance of an Improved Ejection Fraction: An Echocardiogram-Based Registry Study.

Background Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (EF) is increasingly recognized as a sizable and distinct entity. While the features associated with improvedEF have been explored and new guidelines have emerged, factors associated with sustaining an improved EF over time have not been defined. We aimed to assess factors associated with maintenance of an improved EF in a large real-world patient cohort.

Association of antibiotic use and acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to estimate and compare the risk of AKI for various antibiotic combinations in adults hospitalized for CAP.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the Premier Healthcare Database containing all admissions for 660 US hospitals from 2010 to 2015.

An Examination of Resident Perspectives on Survey Participation and Methodology: Implications for Educational Practice and Research.

Background: In medical education, self-administered questionnaires are used to gather information for needs assessments, innovation projects, program evaluations, and research studies. Despite the importance of survey methodology, response rates have declined for years, especially for physicians.

Objective: This study explored residents' experiences with survey participation and perceptions of survey design and implementation.

An Examination of the Intersection of Climate Change, the Physician Specialty Workforce, and Graduate Medical Education in the U.S.

As U.S. healthcare systems plan for future physician workforce needs, the systemic impacts of climate change, a worldwide environmental and health crisis, have not been factored in.

Impact on patients' compliance with medication using prepacked blisters for multidrug medical therapy: I-COMPLY Study.

Purpose: Studies have supported the use of packaging interventions such as pillboxes or blister packs to improve medication adherence but have not evaluated the efficacy of these interventions in a population of low socioeconomic status. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of home-delivered pill packs on medication adherence in a low-income Black American population with Medicaid insurance.

Methods: This study was an open-label, randomized, controlled trial.

Implementing a telemedicine curriculum for internal medicine residents during a pandemic: the Cleveland Clinic experience.

Telemedicine training was not a substantial element of most residency programmes prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Social distancing measures changed this. The Cleveland Clinic Internal Medicine Residency Programme (IMRP) is one of the largest programmes in the USA, which made the task of implementing a telemedicine curriculum more complex.

Rhinosinusitis and the role of imaging.

Acute, uncomplicated rhinosinusitis is a clinical diagnosis. Imaging should only be used in the case of complicated sinus infections, recurrent or chronic sinus disease, or in surgical planning. The authors discuss key features of complicated and uncomplicated rhinosinusitis, management, and recommendations on the use of imaging in diagnosis.

Higher Grit Scores Associated With Less Burnout in a Cohort of Internal Medicine Residents.

Background: The association between grit, defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, and professional burnout has not been studied in internal medicine residents. Our objective was to examine whether internal medicine residents' scores on a grit scale were associated with various measures of burnout.

Methods: All residents from a single internal medicine program were invited to participate in a study of grit and burnout.

Therapeutic Renin Inhibition in Diabetic Nephropathy-A Review of the Physiological Evidence.

The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the scientific evidence to support the use of direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) in diabetic nephropathy (DN). MEDLINE was searched for articles reported until 2018. A standardized dataset was extracted from articles describing the effects of DRIs on plasma renin activity (PRA) in DN.

Using an Adaptive, Self-Directed Web-Based Learning Module to Enhance Residents' Medical Knowledge Prior to a New Clinical Rotation.

Background: The effect of self-directed adaptive learning on internal medicine residents' knowledge prior to a new clinical rotation is not known.

Methods: We developed an adaptive, online, self-directed spaced repetition module and determined the effect on medical knowledge acquisition. We randomized postgraduate year 1 internal medicine residents into two groups.

Hypertension in pregnancy: Pathophysiology and treatment.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, an umbrella term that includes preexisting and gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, complicate up to 10% of pregnancies and represent a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite the differences in guidelines, there appears to be consensus that severe hypertension and non-severe hypertension with evidence of end-organ damage need to be controlled; yet the ideal target ranges below 160/110 mmHg remain a source of debate. This review outlines the definition, pathophysiology, goals of therapy, and treatment agents used in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Frequency, Timing, and Types of Medication Ordering Errors Made by Residents in the Electronic Medical Records Era.

Objectives: To describe associations between resident level of training, timing of medication orders, and the types of inpatient medication ordering errors made by internal medicine residents.

Methods: This study reviewed all inpatient medication orders placed by internal medicine residents at a tertiary care academic medical center from July 2011 to June 2015. Medication order errors were measured by pharmacists' reporting of an error via the electronic medical record during real-time surveillance of orders.

Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate: A Possible Predictor of Neonatal Acidemia and APGAR Score.

Predicting perinatal outcomes based on patterns of fetal heart rate (FHR) remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate intrapartum FHR variability as predictor for neonatal acidemia and APGAR score. This was a retrospective observational study of 552 childbirths.

Provider Variation in Antibiotic Prescribing and Outcomes of Respiratory Tract Infections.

Objectives: Inappropriate antibiotic use for respiratory tract infection (RTI) is an ongoing problem linked to the emergence of drug resistance and other adverse effects. Less is known about the prescribing practices of individual physicians or the impact of physician prescribing habits on patient outcomes. We studied the prescribing practices of providers for acute RTIs in an integrated health system, identified patient factors associated with receipt of an antibiotic and assessed the relation between providers' adjusted prescribing rates and a number of patient outcomes.

Determining the optimal screening interval for type 2 diabetes mellitus using a risk prediction model.

Background: Progression to diabetes mellitus (DM) is variable and the screening time interval not well defined. The American Diabetes Association and US Preventive Services Task Force suggest screening every 3 years, but evidence is limited. The objective of the study was to develop a model to predict the probability of developing DM and suggest a risk-based screening interval.