The influence of selected indigenous yeasts on Pinot Noir wine colour properties.

Background: The use of indigenous selected starters in winemaking is gaining interest due to certain advantages for the sensory quality of the wine. The present work shows the results of a laboratory experiment in which the influence of selected indigenous yeasts on the colour characteristics of Pinot Noir was studied with the use of high hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase activity yeasts. Pichia guilliermondii ZIM624 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus S138 yeasts were used in sequential fermentation with two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the native ZIM2180 strain and commercial Fermol Premier Cru (FPC).

Polyphenol, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of six different white and red wine grape processing leftovers.

Background: During winemaking, grape polyphenols are only partly extracted, and consequently unexploited. The main aim was to characterize the phenolic content of freeze-dried grape skin and seed (FDSS) extracts obtained from Slovenian and international grape varieties and to evaluate their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities.

Results: FDSS of six Vitis vinifera L.

Isotopic and elemental characterisation of Slovenian apple juice according to geographical origin: Preliminary results.

This study examined the applicability of stable isotope and multi-element data for determining the geographical origin of fresh apple juices. Samples included three apple cultivars (Idared, Golden Delicious and Topaz) harvested in 2011 and 2012 from five different geographical regions of Slovenia. Regional discrimination of the juice samples was most successful when using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and taking into account the following parameters: δ(2)H and δ(18)O content of juice water; δ(15)N and δ(13)C content of the pulp, (D/H)I and (D/H)II in ethanol and the concentration of S, Cl, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr.

Olive Fruit Phenols Transfer, Transformation, and Partition Trail during Laboratory-Scale Olive Oil Processing.

This work is the most comprehensive study on the quantitative behavior of olive fruit phenols during olive oil processing, providing insight into their transfer, transformation, and partition trail. In total, 69 phenols were quantified in 6 olive matrices from a three-phase extraction line employing ultra high pressure liquid chromatography-diode array detection analysis. Crushing had a larger effect than malaxation in terms of phenolic degradation and transformation, resulting in several new evolutions of respective derivatives.

Phenolic Profiling of Olives and Olive Oil Process-Derived Matrices Using UPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-HRMS Analysis.

All of the matrices entailed in olive oil processing were screened for the presence of known and new phenol constituents in a single study, combining an ultra high pressure liquid chromatography system with diode array and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF-HRMS) detection. Their trail was followed from the fruit (peel/pulp and stone) to the paste and final products, i.e.

Differences in the structure of anthocyanins from the two amphibious plants, Lobelia cardinalis and Nesaea crassicaulis.

The foliar anthocyanin profiles of two amphibious plants, Nesaea crassicaulis and Lobelia cardinalis were analysed for the first time. N. crassicaulis produced very simple anthocyanins, achieving the highest concentrations when grown submerged.

Ultrasonic extraction of phenols from olive mill wastewater: comparison with conventional methods.

Recovery of phenols from olive mill wastewater (OMWW) was studied, comparing five sample preparation methods: filtration, solid-phase (SPE), liquid-liquid (LLE) and ultrasonic (US)-assisted extraction of liquid and solid (freeze-dried) OMWW. Results showed that ultrasonication is a good alternative to conventional solvent extractions, providing higher recoveries at both levels of individual and total phenol yields. Sonication of liquid OMWW in organic solvent was more efficient vs its nonassisted counterpart (agitation), but did not provide a representative phenol chromatogram due to ethyl acetate use.