Localization of mRNAs encoding acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the rat spinal cord by nonradioactive in situ hybridization.

In spite of intensive investigations, the roles of acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.

Serological prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis infection in suckling beef cattle in France.

The prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis infection in France was assessed by means of a serological survey of suckling beef cattle, using an ELISA. The survey included 824 randomly selected herds in eight French counties and a total of 32,197 animals more than one year old. In each county, the number of herds tested was determined statistically on the basis of the hypothesis that about 40 per cent of herds are infected.

Host-pathogen interactions in mycoplasma pathogenesis: virulence and survival strategies of minimalist prokaryotes.

Despite their very small genomes mycoplasmas are successful pathogens of man and a wide range of animal hosts. Because of the lack of effective therapeutics and vaccines, mycoplasma diseases continue to be a significant problem for public health as well as livestock production with major socio-economic consequences worldwide. Recent outbreaks and epidemiological studies predict that the incidence of human and animal mycoplasma diseases might increase which indicates the urgent need to develop new approaches for prevention and therapy.

Development of a recombinant antigen for antibody-based diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis infection in cattle.

Mycoplasma bovis induces various clinical manifestations in cattle, such as mastitis, arthritis, and pneumonia. We have evaluated the immunoreactivity of three variable surface proteins (Vsps) of M. bovis, namely VspA, VspB, and VspC, with sera collected from herds with mycoplasmosis or from cattle experimentally infected with M.

Glucocorticoids differentially control synthesis of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in rat liver and brain.

Mammalian organisms possess two cholinesterases: acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.

Control levels of acetylcholinesterase expression in the mammalian skeletal muscle.

Protein expression can be controled at different levels. Understanding acetylcholinesterase (EC. 3.

Biogenesis of acetylcholinesterase is impaired, although its mRNA level remains normal, in the glucocorticoid-treated rat skeletal muscle.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction and other cholinergic synapses. Insight into the mechanisms controlling AChE expression in skeletal muscle is important for understanding formation, plasticity, and various dysfunctions of the neuromuscular junction. We have investigated the mechanisms responsible for the decreased AChE activity in the fast rat sternomastoideus muscle after chronic glucocorticoid treatment.

The effects of pretreatment with soman simulator in the skeletal muscle: direct interactions with acetylcholinesterase.

Soman simulator PDP is a compound that has a chemical structure identical to soman, except that the fluorine atom is replaced by a methyl group which makes PDP unable to bind covalently to the AChE active center. In rats, late mortality observed after treatment with high doses of soman could be prevented by PDP pretreatment. Such pretreatment has been much less efficient in primates.

The influence of chronic treatment with dexamethasone on the acetylcholinesterase activity in rat skeletal muscle.

In the conditions of chronically elevated glucocorticoid agents in plasma, a drop in AChE activity of about 45% was reported. This data suggests the possibility that among other factors glucocorticoids also control AChE activity in the skeletal muscles. The question addressed in the present investigation was if AChE activity was reduced uniformly or selectively in the rat skeletal muscles after chronic application of dexamethasone? Selective effects of glucocorticoids on the AChE activity in different muscles and/or different types or regions of muscles would suggest the potential of these agents to regulate AChE metabolism in the skeletal muscle according to the environmental demands.

The influence of soman simulator on reactivation by HI-6 of soman-inhibited acetylcholinesterase in preparations of rat and human skeletal muscle.

The aim of our study was to elucidate the phenomenon called "soman depot". Our investigations were focused on the depot formed in the skeletal muscle and on the effects of 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl dimethylphosphonate (PDP), a reported blocker of soman depot formation. The following questions were addressed: (1) how much of acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.