Nonlinear microscopy of chitin and chitinous structures: a case study of two cave-dwelling insects.

We performed a study of the nonlinear optical properties of chemically purified chitin and insect cuticle using two-photon excited autofluorescence (TPEF) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. Excitation spectrum, fluorescence time, polarization sensitivity, and bleaching speed were measured. We have found that the maximum autofluorescence signal requires an excitation wavelength below 850 nm.

Field-programmable gate array based arbitrary signal generator and oscilloscope for use in slow light and storage of light experiments.

We present a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based device that simultaneously generates two arbitrary analog voltage signals with the maximum sample rate of 1.25 MHz and acquires two analog voltage signals with the maximum sample rate of 2.5 MHz.

Protective effect of autophagy in laser-induced glioma cell death in vitro.

Background And Objective: Laser phototherapy could be potentially used for cancer treatment, but the mechanisms of laser-induced cell death are not completely understood. Autophagy is the process in which the damaged cellular proteins and organelles are engulfed by and destroyed in acidified multiple-membrane vesicles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of autophagy in laser-induced tumor cell death in vitro.