Definitive Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic and Oligoprogressive Thyroid Cancer: A Potential Strategy for Systemic Therapy Deferral.

Background: Definitive radiotherapy (dRT) has been shown to be an effective option for patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive cancers; however, this approach has not been well-studied in metastatic thyroid cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included 119 patients with oligometastatic (34%) and oligoprogressive (66%) metastatic thyroid cancer treated from 2005 to 2024 with 207 dRT courses for 344 sites (50% thoracic, 37% bone, 7.5% brain, 4% abdominopelvic, and 1.

Phase II Trial of Induction Chemotherapy for Advanced Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Outcomes after primary surgery for advanced sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are poor. We tested whether induction chemotherapy (IC) can improve disease control or organ preservation.

Patients And Methods: A phase II trial evaluated previously untreated patients with stage II-IV, M0 sinonasal SCC.

Local strain inhomogeneities during electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition revealed by X-ray microscopy.

Electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition (MIT) often results in the formation of characteristic spatial patterns such as a metallic filament percolating through an insulating matrix or an insulating barrier splitting a conducting matrix. When MIT triggering is driven by electrothermal effects, the temperature of the filament or barrier can be substantially higher than the rest of the material. Using X-ray microdiffraction and dark-field X-ray microscopy, we show that electrothermal MIT triggering leads to the development of an inhomogeneous strain profile across the switching device, even when the material does not undergo a pronounced, discontinuous structural transition coinciding with the MIT.

Lacrimal Gland Adenocarcinoma Clinicopathologic Features and Outcomes Compared With Those of Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.

Purpose: Lacrimal gland (LG) adenocarcinomas (ACs) are rare, with limited data. We compared clinicopathologic features and local recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival rates between LG AC and LG adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).

Methods: The records of LG AC patients treated from 2008 to 2022 and LG ACC patients treated from 1998 to 2022 at the same center were retrospectively reviewed.

Patterns of failure for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with salvage surgery and postoperative IMRT reirradiation.

Purpose/objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR) after surgical salvage and adjuvant reirradiation with IMRT for recurrent head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Materials/methods: Patterns of LRR for 61 patients treated consecutively between 2003 and 2014 who received post-operative IMRT reirradiation to ≥ 60 Gy for recurrent HNSCC were determined by 2 methods: 1) physician classification via visual comparison of post-radiotherapy imaging to reirradiation plans; and 2) using deformable image registration (DIR). Those without evaluable CT planning image data were excluded.

Decreasing utilization for postoperative radiation therapy in locoregionally advanced medullary thyroid cancer.

Background: Use of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) in locoregionally advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) remains controversial. The objective was to evaluate the effect of PORT on locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 346 MTC patients separated into PORT and no-PORT cohorts.

Hypothyroidism following Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Opportunities to Improve the Therapeutic Ratio.

(1) Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is a central component for the treatment of many head and neck cancers. In this systematic review of the literature, we aimed to characterize and quantify the published evidence on RT-related hypothyroidism, including estimated incidence, clinical risk factors, and dosimetric parameters that may be used to guide clinical decision making. Furthermore, we aimed to identify potential areas of improvement in the prevention and clinical management of RT-induced hypothyroidism, including the role of modern advanced therapeutic techniques.

Intensity modulated proton arc therapy via geometry-based energy selection for ependymoma.

Purpose: We developed and tested a novel method of creating intensity modulated proton arc therapy (IMPAT) plans that uses computing resources similar to those for regular intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans and may offer a dosimetric benefit for patients with ependymoma or similar tumor geometries.

Methods: Our IMPAT planning method consists of a geometry-based energy selection step with major scanning spot contributions as inputs computed using ray-tracing and single-Gaussian approximation of lateral spot profiles. Based on the geometric relation of scanning spots and dose voxels, our energy selection module selects a minimum set of energy layers at each gantry angle such that each target voxel is covered by sufficient scanning spots as specified by the planner, with dose contributions above the specified threshold.

International Multi-Specialty Expert Physician Preoperative Identification of Extranodal Extension n Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients using Computed Tomography: Prospective Blinded Human Inter-Observer Performance Evaluation.

Importance: Extranodal extension (pENE) is a critical prognostic factor in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) that drives therapeutic disposition. Determination of pENE from radiological imaging has been associated with high inter-observer variability. However, the impact of clinician specialty on human observer performance of imaging-detected extranodal extension (iENE) remains poorly understood.

Impact of Clinical Factors and Treatments on SMARCB1 (INI-1)-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma.

The objective of this study was to report outcomes for 19 consecutive patients with SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma. Patients were treated from 2014 to 2021 and followed for a median of 22.3 months.

Orbital and periocular complications in patients with sinonasal tumours with orbital invasion.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and associated risk factors of orbital/periocular complications in patients with sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion managed with eye-sparing treatments.

Methods: A retrospective case series of patients with primary sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion from January 2008 to December 2018. Patient factors were compared between the following groups: (1)patients with orbital/periocular complications versus those who did not and (2) patients who needed secondary oculoplastic surgical procedures versus those who did not.

Radiotherapy and paclitaxel plus pazopanib or placebo in anaplastic thyroid cancer (NRG/RTOG 0912): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 2 trial.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare and aggressive cancer with no standard radiotherapy-based local treatment. Based on data suggesting synergy between pazopanib and paclitaxel in anaplastic thyroid cancer, NRG Oncology did a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase 2 clinical trial comparing concurrent paclitaxel and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with the addition of pazopanib or placebo with the aim of improving overall survival in this patient population.

Methods: Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with a pathological diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer, any TNM stage, Zubrod performance status of 0-2, no recent haemoptysis or bleeding, and no brain metastases.

Head and neck cancer predictive risk estimator to determine control and therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy (HNC-PREDICTOR): development, international multi-institutional validation, and web implementation of clinic-ready model-based risk stratification for head and neck cancer.

Background: Personalised radiotherapy can improve treatment outcomes of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), where currently a 'one-dose-fits-all' approach is the standard. The aim was to establish individualised outcome prediction based on multi-institutional international 'big-data' to facilitate risk-based stratification of patients with HNC.

Methods: The data of 4611 HNC radiotherapy patients from three academic cancer centres were split into four cohorts: a training (n = 2241), independent test (n = 786), and external validation cohorts 1 (n = 1087) and 2 (n = 497).

Stabilization of three-dimensional charge order through interplanar orbital hybridization in PrYBaCuO.

The shape of 3d-orbitals often governs the electronic and magnetic properties of correlated transition metal oxides. In the superconducting cuprates, the planar confinement of the [Formula: see text] orbital dictates the two-dimensional nature of the unconventional superconductivity and a competing charge order. Achieving orbital-specific control of the electronic structure to allow coupling pathways across adjacent planes would enable direct assessment of the role of dimensionality in the intertwined orders.

Visual outcome and ocular complications in patients with lacrimal gland carcinoma after eye-sparing surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy.

Background: We report visual outcomes and ocular complications in patients with lacrimal gland carcinoma who had eye-sparing surgery followed by radiotherapy.

Methods: This review included consecutive patients with lacrimal gland carcinoma who underwent eye-sparing surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiation therapy between 2007 and 2018. Clinical data, including details of ophthalmological examinations and radiation treatment were reviewed.

Changes in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) in Serial Weekly MRI during Radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Results from the PREDICT-HN Study.

Background: The PREDICT-HN study aimed to systematically assess the kinetics of imaging MR biomarkers during head and neck radiotherapy. Methods: Patients with intact squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were enrolled. Pre-, during, and post-treatment MRI were obtained.

Association of hearing loss and tinnitus symptoms with health-related quality of life among long-term oropharyngeal cancer survivors.

Background: This study investigated the association of hearing loss and tinnitus with overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among long-term oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors.

Methods: This study included OPC survivors treated between 2000 and 2013 and surveyed from September 2015 to July 2016. Hearing loss and tinnitus were measured by asking survivors to rate their "difficulty with hearing loss and/or ringing in the ears" from 0 (not present) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine).

Predictive performance of different NTCP techniques for radiation-induced esophagitis in NSCLC patients receiving proton radiotherapy.

This study aimed to compare the predictive performance of different modeling methods in developing normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for predicting radiation-induced esophagitis (RE) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving proton radiotherapy. The dataset was composed of 328 NSCLC patients receiving passive-scattering proton therapy and 41.6% of the patients experienced ≥ grade 2 RE.

Unilateral Radiation Therapy for Tonsillar Cancer: Treatment Outcomes in the Era of Human Papillomavirus, Positron-Emission Tomography, and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate disease, survival, and toxic effects after unilateral radiation therapy treatment for tonsillar cancer.

Methods And Materials: A retrospective study was performed of patients treated at our institution within the period from 2000 to 2018. Summary statistics were used to assess the cohort by patient characteristics and treatments delivered.