Allyship to Advance Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Otolaryngology: What We Can All Do.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the current literature on allyship, providing a historical perspective, concept analysis, and practical steps to advance equity, diversity, and inclusion. This review also provides evidence-based tools to foster allyship and identifies potential pitfalls.

Recent Findings: Allies in healthcare advocate for inclusive and equitable practices that benefit patients, coworkers, and learners.

Leveraging the virtual landscape to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

The pandemic era has wrought disruptive changes across all aspects of academic medicine, transforming clinical care systems, research enterprises, and educational practices. Among these sweeping changes, some of the most significant for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery (OHNS) relate to innovative use of virtual communication. The virtual landscape has not only redefined the delivery of patient care but also expanded educational interactions across the career continuum.

Endotracheal Tube Size in Critically Ill Patients.

Importance: Many patients who survive critical illness are left with laryngeal functional impairment from endotracheal intubation that permanently limits their recovery and quality of life. Although the risk for laryngeal injury increases with larger endotracheal tube sizes, there are no data delineating the association of smaller endotracheal tube sizes with survival or acute recovery from critical illness.

Objective: To determine if smaller endotracheal tubes are noninferior to larger endotracheal tubes with respect to critical illness outcomes.

Online Otolaryngology: A Comprehensive Model for Medical Student Engagement in the Virtual Era and Beyond.

When in-person experiences were taken away from medical students and residency applicants during the COVID-19 pandemic, institutions had to pivot to virtual experiences. We present here a comprehensive overview of virtual engagement for medical students. As we increasingly embrace virtual opportunities, it may be possible to continue utilizing these programs for many years to come.

Bilateral Longus Colli Abscesses as a Complication of Advanced Bacterial Rhinosinusitis.

Known complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis include retropharyngeal abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis, intracranial abscess, and associated sequelae. We describe the case of a patient with longus colli abscess formation resulting from acute pansinusitis, complicated by bilateral cavernous sinus thrombosis in the setting of concurrent viral pneumonitis, severe sepsis, and a large area cerebral infarction. The bilateral longus colli abscesses were drained via stereotactic image-guided endonasal sinus surgery, yielding in culture.

Critical Components of Diversity Initiatives.

The importance of diversity is well established and holds important implications for workplace and physician-patient relationships. Evaluation of diversity statistics within otolaryngology-head and neck surgery reveals areas of deficiency that may be improved with targeted proactive approaches. This article provides a general overview of diversity within otolaryngology, highlights key components of diversity initiatives, and provides strategies for implementation.

New Age Mentoring and Disruptive Innovation-Navigating the Uncharted With Vision, Purpose, and Equity.

For individuals aspiring to a career in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, mentorship can shape destiny. Mentorship helps assure safe passage into the specialty, and it influences the arc of professional development across the career continuum. Even before the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, technology and social networking were transforming mentorship in otolaryngology.

Disseminated Herpes Simplex Infection Presenting as Acute Supraglottitis in an Adult.

Supraglottitis is a life-threatening, predominantly bacterial disease that is rarely caused by viral etiologies. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) supraglottitis has been infrequently reported, but its presentation can mimic that of bacterial supraglottitis or pharyngitis which may lead to delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity. We present a case of supraglottitis in an immunocompetent man initially thought to have bacterial epiglottitis.

Pediatric tracheostomies in patients less than 2 years of age: Analysis of complications and long-term follow-up.

Purpose: Identify variables that are predictive of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of two undergoing tracheostomy and to provide longitudinal data on this patient population.

Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes 31600, 31601, 31610 from 2009 to 2016.

Results: Median age at time of tracheostomy was 0.

Intracranial Ischemic Infarct Due to Blunt Force Trauma in a High School Football Player.

Ischemic stroke is an uncommon cause of death among teenagers and young adults; however, the etiologies differ when compared to ischemic strokes in older individuals. Large-vessel atherosclerosis and small-vessel disease causing ischemic stroke are rare for the teenage population, while cervicocerebral arterial dissections account for up to 20% of ischemic strokes. Here, we present the case of a 16-year-old male who developed internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) after a head injury and subsequently developed ischemic stroke and seizures.

Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm Associated with Skull Base Osteomyelitis Treated with Endovascular Embolization.

Pseudoaneurysms occur due to malformations in arterial wall uniformity, leading to blood collection between the outer arterial layers and resultant outpouching of the vessel. Unlike true aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms do not involve all layers of the blood vessel. Mycotic pseudoaneurysms can occur after associated vessel adventitia infection, leading to transmural dissection.