A vitamin D deficient diet increases weight gain and compromises bone biomechanical properties without a reduction in BMD in adult female mice.

Vitamin D contributes to the development and maintenance of bone. Evidence suggests vitamin D status can also alter energy balance and gut health. In young animals, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) negatively affects bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture, and these effects may also occur due to chronic ethanol intake.

Saturated Fatty Acids and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Metabolic Parameters in Ovariectomized Female Mice.

In menopausal and postmenopausal women, the risk for obesity, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and gut dysbiosis are elevated by the depletion of 17β-estradiol. A diet that is high in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly linoleic acid (LA), and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) found in coconut oil and omega-3 PUFAs may worsen symptoms of estrogen deficiency. To investigate this hypothesis, ovariectomized C57BL/6J and transgenic fat-1 mice, which lower endogenous omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, were treated with either a vehicle or estradiol benzoate (EB) and fed a high-fat diet with a high or low PUFA:SFA ratio for ~15 weeks.

Fracture Risk in Vegetarians and Vegans: the Role of Diet and Metabolic Factors.

Purpose Of Review: There is strong evidence that poor dietary intake of certain micro- and macro-nutrients can negatively affect bone health. It is unclear if diet is the primary culprit for poor bone health in the vegan population.

Recent Findings: Plant-based diets are gaining public interest since they may improve metabolic health.

Older Women who are Overweight or Obese Have Vertebral Abnormalities, Partially Degraded TBS, and BMD that Worsen with Weight Loss.

Obesity is a risk factor for chronic diseases and moderate weight loss is generally recommended. Energy restriction results in the loss of hip bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults, but there is no consistent decline at the lumbar spine (LS), possibly due to vertebral abnormalities although this may also be dependent on the amount of weight loss. In this secondary analysis of weight loss trials investigating BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS) changes over 12-18 months, 92 postmenopausal women (60.