Liraglutide pretreatment attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

There are no effective targeted therapies to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recently, the commonly used diabetes and obesity medications, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, have been found to have anti-inflammatory properties. We, therefore, hypothesized that liraglutide pretreatment would attenuate murine sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI).

Exogenous Surfactant as a Pulmonary Delivery Vehicle for Budesonide In Vivo.

Background: Lung inflammation is associated with many respiratory conditions. Consequently, anti-inflammatory medications, like glucocorticoids, have become mainstay intrapulmonary therapeutics. However, their effectiveness for treating inflammation occurring in the alveolar regions of the lung is limited by suboptimal delivery.

The effect of maternal protein restriction during perinatal life on the inflammatory response in pediatric rats.

Fetal growth restriction can affect health outcomes in postnatal life. This study tested the hypothesis that the response to an inflammatory pulmonary insult is altered in pediatric fetal growth restricted rats. Using a low-protein diet during gestation and postnatal life, growth-restricted male and female rats and healthy control rats were exposed to an inflammatory insult via the intratracheal instillation of heat-killed bacteria.

Optimizing Exogenous Surfactant as a Pulmonary Delivery Vehicle for Chicken Cathelicidin-2.

The rising incidence of antibiotic-resistant lung infections has instigated a much-needed search for new therapeutic strategies. One proposed strategy is the use of exogenous surfactants to deliver antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), like CATH-2, to infected regions of the lung. CATH-2 can kill bacteria through a diverse range of antibacterial pathways and exogenous surfactant can improve pulmonary drug distribution.

New insights into exogenous surfactant as a carrier of pulmonary therapeutics.

As an organ system, the lung has unique advantages and disadvantages for localized drug delivery. Its direct contact with the external environment allows for the upper airways to be easily accessible to intrapulmonary delivery. However, its complex branching structure makes direct delivery to the peripheral airways challenging.

The wet bridge transfer system: a novel tool to assess exogenous surfactant as a vehicle for intrapulmonary drug delivery.

Due to its branching structure, drug delivery to the peripheral areas of the lung is a major challenge. Consequently, most pulmonary therapies utilize large systemic dosing, with the potential for adverse side effects. One proposed strategy to overcome this challenge is to use exogenous surfactant, a material capable of distributing throughout the lung, as a pulmonary drug delivery vehicle.

The Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Chicken Cathelicidin-2 combined with Exogenous Surfactant for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis-Associated Pathogens.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by recurrent airway infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and chronic inflammation. Chicken cathelicin-2 (CATH-2) has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and to reduce inflammation. In addition, exogenous pulmonary surfactant has been suggested to enhance pulmonary drug delivery.

Killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Chicken Cathelicidin-2 Is Immunogenically Silent, Preventing Lung Inflammation .

The development of antibiotic resistance by is a major concern in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia. In the search for novel anti-infective therapies, the chicken-derived peptide cathelicidin-2 (CATH-2) has emerged as a potential candidate, with strong broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to limit inflammation by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 activation. However, as it is unknown how CATH-2 affects inflammation , we investigated how CATH-2-mediated killing of affects lung inflammation in a murine model.

Lung Lavage and Surfactant Replacement During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion for Treatment of Gastric Acid Aspiration-Induced Donor Lung Injury.

Background: Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) provides opportunities to treat injured donor lungs before transplantation. We investigated whether lung lavage, to eliminate inflammatory inhibitory components, followed by exogenous surfactant replacement, could aid lung recovery and improve post-transplant lung function after gastric aspiration injury.

Methods: Gastric acid aspiration was induced in donor pigs, which were ventilated for 6 hours to develop lung injury.