Surgical Anatomy of the Ligamentous Attachments in the Superoposterior Scalp Region.

Background: Hairline-lowering surgery has become increasingly popular in recent years, but little investigation into the surgical anatomy of the scalp has been performed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe findings based on clinical observation and anatomic study of ligamentous attachments in the superoposterior region of the scalp.

Methods: Six fresh cadaveric heads were dissected to identify connective tissue structures in the superoposterior scalp region.

Introduction of the Lip Classification of Tubercles: A Novel Approach to Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Lip Treatments.

Background: Lip enhancement procedures involving dermal fillers are one of the most sought after nonsurgical aesthetic treatments. However, current trends are associated with unnatural results and involve increased risks of complications and compromise to normal function. It appears that lips may be classified according to the presentation of their tubercles and this may be used to guide minimally invasive techniques which aim to preserve individual lip shapes and normal function.

Clinical Benefits of the Utrecht Questionnaire for Aesthetic Outcome Assessment in Rhinoplasty: An Update.

Presently, there is no consensus on which patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) instrument is best suited to assess the aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty. In this regard, at least seven different validated PROMs are available from the literature, each one with advantages and disadvantages.In this article, we review the development, validation, international translation, and clinical application of the Utrecht Questionnaire (UQ).

Optimization of the Soft Tissue Envelope of the Nose in Rhinoplasty Utilizing Fat Transfer Combined with Platelet-Rich Fibrin.

A thin or damaged skin soft tissue envelope may cause concerns in primary and secondary rhinoplasty. During postoperative healing, unpredictable scarring and contraction may occur and lead to significant aesthetic and trophic sequelae. Besides a meticulous surgical technique, there are no reliable techniques to prevent long-term skin damage and shrinkage.

The Impact of the Philtrum on Facial Attractiveness, Perioral Proportions, and Perceptions of Facial Aging.

Background: Lip enhancement continues to be one of the most popular facial procedures. State-of-the-art lip enhancement involves sculpting of perilabial soft tissue, in particular, the philtrum, but it is unclear how patients perceive their philtral contours.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the impact of the philtrum on attractiveness, and on the perception of facial proportions and age.

[Quality of life after functional aesthetic septorhinoplasty in primary surgery vs. revision surgery-a monocentric study].

Background: Subjective assessments of quality of life (QOL) as an important aspect of outcome research have gained in importance over the past few decades. The number of prospective studies on postoperative QOL in septorhinoplasty using disease-specific instruments is sparse. The aim was to assess and compare patient QOL after primary and revision septorhinoplasty performed by a single surgeon in an ENT center.

Systematic Review of Quality-of-Life Measurement After Aesthetic Rhinoplasty.

Introduction: The assessment of outcomes in aesthetic rhinoplasty is highly relevant because patient satisfaction and improved health-related quality of life (QoL) are the predominant factors in determining success. The patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) employed in rhinoplasty research studies are remarkably diverse, thus yielding difficulties with data analysis. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature to reveal the relevance of the QoL assessment for rhinosurgeons.

Cartilage Scales Embedded in Fibrin Gel.

Multiple techniques have been described for dorsal nasal augmentation in rhinoplasty. In this article, we review common surgical techniques for raising the dorsum or eliminating dorsal irregularities, by highlighting inherent advantages and disadvantages of each method. Within the past few years, the use of diced cartilage grafts has become the workhorse in this field of interest.

Dorsal Onlay with Diced Homologous Processed Rib Cartilage Grafts.

Background: Diced cartilage wrapped in fascia or modeled with tissue sealant has successfully been used as dorsal onlay grafts in rhinoplasty. The use of autologous material introduces the risk of donor site morbidity, and sometimes availability is limited.

Methods: We present a series of nine cases that were performed using diced irradiated homologous rib cartilage as an onlay graft.

Dome Reconstruction in a Rare Case of Alar Cartilage Agenesis of the Middle and Lateral Crura.

Unlabelled: Congenital deformities of the nasal cartilage are extremely rare. Often, they remain undiscovered until an open approach is completed during rhinoplasty. We present a case of unilateral congenital agenesis of the middle and lateral crura of the alar cartilage.

Selective neurolysis in post-paralytic facial nerve syndrome (PFS).

Unlabelled: Post-paralytic facial nerve syndrome (PFS) summarizes specific symptoms that result from an incomplete or poor recovery of the facial nerve after peripheral facial palsy. Selective chemodenervation using botulinum toxin A (Btx A) and mime therapy represent the therapeutic standard for treating PFS. We report on a 35-year-old male who was suffering greatly from unilateral PFS-specific movement disorders, including periorbital contractions and oculofacial synkinesis that did not respond to Btx A administration.

[Correction of complex facial scars].

Correction of complex facial scars frequently requires individualized, multimodal strategies, which are composed of various therapeutic measures. This report provides information on techniques for correction of contractures, atrophic scars, scars within hair-bearing regions of the face and auricular keloids. Additionally, we present adjuvant procedures in a subject-related manner.

Management of an epidermoid cyst in the nasal tip of a child: aesthetic and surgical considerations.

Background: A simple subcutaneous lesion such as an epidermoid cyst can present a challenge when located in the nasal tip, as regards aesthetic surgical management. Even when performed parallel to relaxed skin tension lines, a direct transcutaneous incision (commonly used for epidermoid cyst removal) distorts the nasal tip subunit, resulting in a conspicuous, disfiguring scar. This should be avoided, especially in children.

Effect of endoscopic brow lift on contractures and synkinesis of the facial muscles in patients with a regenerated postparalytic facial nerve syndrome.

Background: Delayed recovery after facial palsy results in aberrant nerve regeneration with symptomatic movement disorders, summarized as the postparalytic facial nerve syndrome. The authors present an alternative surgical approach for improvement of periocular movement disorders in patients with postparalytic facial nerve syndrome. The authors proposed that endoscopic brow lift leads to an improvement of periocular movement disorders by reducing pathologically raised levels of afferent input.

Split hump technique for reduction of the overprojected nasal dorsum: a statistical analysis on subjective body image in relation to nasal appearance and nasal patency in 97 patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Objectives: To describe the split hump technique (SHT) and to examine its effectiveness for correction of an overprojected nasal dorsum in patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Methods: This prospective study included 97 patients. Objective assessment was performed using a short, practical questionnaire.

Bipolar radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction of the inferior turbinates: evaluation of short-term efficacy in a prospective, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

The objective of the study was to assess the short-term efficacy of radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction (RFVTR) of the inferior turbinates in patients with nasal obstruction caused by turbinate hypertrophy. The study is a prospective, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. A total of 22 patients (age range 21-72 years; median age 41 years) were randomized into two treatment arms.

[Rhinophyma in rosacea. What does surgery achieve?].

Rhinophyma is a benign dermatological disease of the nose which affects primarily Caucasian men in their fifth decade of life. Its main characteristic is a slowly progressive hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and the adjacent tissue with irregular thickening of the nasal skin and nodular deformation. It is defined as the end stage of acne rosacea.

Auricular keloids: combined therapy with a new pressure device.

Objective: To develop a new, custom-made pressure device that can be used with established designs as an adjuvant therapy for optimized treatment of auricular keloids.

Methods: Seven patients (4 males, 3 females; mean [SD] age, 22.6 [8.

IL-6 antisense-mediated growth inhibition in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line.

The growth of tumor cells can be regulated by a variety of cytokines. To investigate the pathogenesis of head and neck cancer and explore a new therapeutic approach for the carcinoma, the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the growth of a human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line was examined. Whether or not IL-6 is increased in HNSCC and whether or not IL-6 antisense oligonucleotide treatment could decrease proliferation and angiogenic activity of HNSCC cell lines, was determined.

TGF-ß1 antisense impacts the SMAD signalling system in fibroblasts from keloid scars.

Aim: To identify the effect of a TGF-β1 antisense treatment of keloid fibroblasts on the SMAD signalling system.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, keloid and adjacent healthy tissue was harvested from 9 patients with keloid scars after otoplasty. Keloid fibroblasts were placed in monolayer cultures.

Induction chemotherapy with TPF (Docetaxel, Carboplatin and Fluorouracil) in the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) presents at a locally advanced (LA) stage in many patients. Chemotherapy, which is one fundamental therapy mode for local disease control of inoperable disease or if organ preservation is desired, has become an important factor of first line treatment regimens either during or prior to radiotherapy (RT). Patients with locoregionally advanced inoperable, recurrent or metastatic disease still have a poor prognosis, which enforces the need for new treatment approaches and new drug therapies, adjusted to the different settings of the disease.

Effect of transforming growth factor-beta1 antisense oligonucleotides on matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in keloid fibroblasts.

Objective: To identify changes in the expression of matrixmetalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific inhibitors tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) after targeting of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) with antisense oligonucleotides.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: The study was performed on tissue samples from nine patients with keloid scars after otoplasty presenting to the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of the University Hospital in Mannheim, Germany.

In vitro analysis of radiation-induced dermal wounds.

Objective: To investigate the pathophysiology of radiation-induced wounds of the head and neck at a molecular level.

Study Design: Basic science, prospective study.

Setting: The study was conducted at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ruprecht Karls-University Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.

[Impact of TGF-beta1 antisense on collagen-binding integrins in keloid].

Background: The treatment of keloids remains challenging due to sparse knowledge about the pathogenesis of this disease. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 plays a central role in keloid formation. Cell-matrix communication is controlled by integrins, the expression of which can be regulated by TGF-beta1.