NLRP3 promoter methylation as a predictive biomarker for glucocorticoid response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Glucocorticoids are used for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy; however nearly 50 % of IBD patients exhibit resistance or dependence. This study evaluates the relationship between methylation level at two CpG sites (cg21991396 and cg00448525) within NLRP3 promoter and glucocorticoid response of 94 IBD pediatrics (39 with Crohn's disease (40.4 %)) and 47 IBD adults (26 with Crohn's disease (55.

Effectiveness and Safety of Adalimumab in Patients With Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Study on Behalf of the Porto Inflammatory Bowel Disease Working Group of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.

Background And Aims: Patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), with an age of onset < 6 years, can present with severe manifestations and may require biologic therapy. Infliximab and adalimumab are approved for induction and maintenance in pediatric IBD patients but are licensed only above the age of 6 years. Effectiveness and safety data on adalimumab in this patient population are lacking.

Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis: Real-World Experience from an Italian Cohort.

: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy, usually presenting as bloody stools in breastfed, well-appearing, and regularly growing infants. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical features of Italian infants affected by FPIAP and their management and natural history in a real-life setting. : A retrospective, observational study was performed at two tertiary pediatric hospitals (Florence and Trieste), including FPIAP-diagnosed infants between 2012 and 2022.

Prevalence and outcomes of arthritis in pediatric IBD: A multicenter study from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.

Background And Aims: The aim of the present study was to assess prevalence and disease outcomes of arthritis in a nationwide cohort of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: We collected data of pediatric IBD patients experiencing arthritis from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition IBD registry. We gathered baseline and one-year follow-up data on concomitant IBD and arthritis diagnosis.

Time-efficient strategies in human iPS cell-derived pancreatic progenitor differentiation and cryopreservation: advancing towards practical applications.

Background: Differentiation of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) helps researchers to study the individual sensibility to drugs. However, differentiation protocols are time-consuming, and not all tissues have been studied. Few works are available regarding pancreatic exocrine differentiation of iPS cells, and little is known on culturing and cryopreserving these cells.

Upadacitinib for Induction of Remission in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: An International Multi‑center Study.

Background And Aims: Data on upadacitinib therapy in children with ulcerative colitis (UC) or unclassified inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-U) are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of upadacitinib as an induction therapy in pediatric UC or IBD-U.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, children treated with upadacitinib for induction of remission of active UC or IBD-U from 30 centers worldwide were enrolled.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome in pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported only anecdotally. This study aimed at describing the clinical features and outcomes of children diagnosed with both IBD and HLH/MAS. Data on IBD and HLH/MAS characteristics, biochemical, microbiological and genetic assessments, treatments, and outcomes were collected from the Italian Pediatric IBD Registry and presented using descriptive statistics.

Intestinal Anti-Endomysium Antibodies Are a Useful Tool for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Pediatric and Adult Patients.

Intestinal anti-endomysium antibodies are a specific marker of celiac disease. The diagnostic accuracy of this marker seems high in pediatric patients and has not yet been investigated in adults, so the aim of this prospective multicentric study was to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this marker in childhood and adulthood. Pediatric and adult patients undergoing intestinal endoscopy for any intestinal condition were enrolled.

Dietary habits in Italian children with inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control multicenter study.

Objectives: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) tend to self-modify their dietary habits according to disease activity and symptoms. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of the usual diet in Italian children with IBD in comparison to a control group and to the recommended dietary allowances (RDA).

Methods: Dietary habits of IBD children and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were investigated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in five Italian pediatric IBD centers.

Infantile and Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Study.

Objectives: This study described disease characteristics and long-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) (diagnosed before 6 years of age) and infantile-IBD (before 2 years).

Methods: Cases from 21 centers worldwide diagnosed with VEOIBD (2008-2018), with minimum 2 years of follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The cohort included 243 patients (52% males, median follow-up of 5.

Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: A Multi-center Retrospective Study from the Pediatric IBD Porto Group of ESPGHAN.

Background And Objectives: Current data on ustekinumab therapy in children with ulcerative colitis (UC) or unclassified inflammatory bowel disease (IBDU) are limited. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in pediatric UC and IBDU.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 16 centers affiliated with the IBD Interest and Porto groups of ESPGHAN.

Pediatric stricturing Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract. The incidence of pediatric CD is increasing and is currently 2.5-11.

The Risks of Phosphate Enemas in Toddlers: A Life-Threatening Unawareness.

Background: While oral laxatives represent the first-line treatment of fecal impaction, enemas are frequently used in clinical practice in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) and by family pediatricians (FPs).

Objectives: Phosphate-containing enemas (PcEs) are commonly employed, even causing the risk of rare but lethal toxicity. We investigated pediatricians' awareness of PcE risks.

Diagnosis and management of anemia in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases: Clinical practice guidelines on behalf of the SIGENP IBD Working group.

Anemia is one of the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Insidious onset, variability of symptoms and lack of standardized screening practices may increase the risk of underestimating its burden in children with IBD. Despite its relevance and peculiarity in everyday clinical practice, this topic is only dealt with in a few documents specifically for the pediatric field.

Nonpharmacological treatment of rumination syndrome in childhood: A systematic review of the literature.

Rumination syndrome (RS) is a complex functional disorder characterized by recurrent, repetitive regurgitation of recently swallowed food. RS may have medical and psychosocial implications, compromising the quality of life and causing high rates of school absenteeism. Pediatric RS has been poorly studied and little evidence regarding its treatment is available.

Expression profiles of the lncRNA antisense GAS5-AS1 in colon biopsies from pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients and its role in regulating sense transcript GAS5.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) level was demonstrated as involved in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. Since its antisense transcript GAS5-AS1 has never been investigated in IBD, this study aims to detect whether GAS5-AS1 and GAS5 levels are related to IBD clinical parameters and investigate their correlation in vitro. Twenty-six IBD pediatric patients were enrolled; paired inflamed and non-inflamed intestinal biopsies were collected.

Major Abdominal Surgery for Pediatric Crohn's Disease in the Anti-TNF Era: 10-Year Analysis of Data From the IBD Registry of Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.

Background: The natural history of Crohn's disease (CD) can result in complications requiring surgery. Pediatric data are scarce about major abdominal surgery. The IBD Registry from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition has been active since 2008 and collects data from major pediatric IBD centers in Italy.

Clusters of Disease Activity and Early Risk Factors of Clinical Course of Pediatric Crohn's Disease.

Background: This study aimed to define clusters of disease activity and prognostic factors of disease course in a well-characterized cohort of children with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: All patients from the SIGENP IBD (Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Inflammatory Bowel Disease) registry with a 5-year follow-up and 6-monthly evaluation were included. Active disease was defined for each semester as follows: clinical activity (weighted Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index ≥12.

Foreign body ingestion in children: Definition of a nomogram to predict surgical or endoscopic intervention.

Background And Aims: Foreign body ingestion (FBI) in children requires early identification to prevent adverse outcomes and may necessitate endoscopic or surgical intervention. This study aims to develop a nomogram that identifies children who require urgent surgical or endoscopic intervention by using the patient's medical history and clinical parameters collected at admission.

Methods: This study is a retrospective review (01/2015-12/2020) of a multicenter case series of children admitted for FBI.