Enhancing the effectiveness of interprofessional education in health science education: a state-of-the-art review.

Background: In order to foster effective collaboration and improve healthcare outcomes, students from multiple health professions engage in interprofessional education (IPE), learning together and from each other. Existing literature explores the effectiveness of IPE within health sciences but presents varied findings. The purpose of this study is to The effectiveness of IPE is defined as the four levels of training evaluation delineated by Kirkpatrick: reaction, learning, behavior, and results.

Shared decision making in primary malignant bone tumour surgery around the knee in children and young adults: protocol for a prospective study.

Background: Children and young adults needing surgery for a primary malignant bone tumour around the knee face a difficult, life-changing decision. A previous study showed that this population wants to be involved more in the decision-making process and that more involvement leads to less decisional stress and regret. Therefore, a well-designed and standardized decision-making process based on the principles of shared decision-making needs to be designed, implemented, and evaluated.

The landscape of Functional Outcome Measures Used in Patients with Bone Sarcoma of the Lower Extremity or Pelvis: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review provides a structured overview of the measurement instruments of functional outcome used in lower extremity and pelvic bone sarcoma patients. We identified 42 unique instruments covering 18 distinct functional outcome constructs with most studies measuring constructs within the activity domain of the International Classification of Functioning, disability, and health. The MusculoSkeletal Tumor Society 1993 and 1987 score, Toronto Extremity Salvage Score, and range of motion instruments were the measurement instruments most commonly used.

The survival disparity between children and adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with Ewing sarcoma in the Netherlands did not change since the 1990s despite improved survival: A population-based study.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with Ewing sarcoma have a worse prognosis than children. Population-based survival evaluations stratifying findings by important clinical factors are, however, limited. This Dutch population study comprehensively compared survival of children and AYAs with Ewing sarcoma over three decades considering diagnostic period, tissue of origin, tumor site, and disease stage.

Survival after resection of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Introducing and validating a novel type-specific prognostic model.

Background: This study aimed to assess the performance of currently available risk calculators in a cohort of patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and to create an MPNST-specific prognostic model including type-specific predictors for overall survival (OS).

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with MPNST from 11 secondary or tertiary centers in The Netherlands, Italy and the United States of America. All patients diagnosed with primary MPNST who underwent macroscopically complete surgical resection from 2000 to 2019 were included in this study.

Fracture risk after intralesional curettage of atypical cartilaginous tumors.

Introduction: The need for curettage of atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACT) is under debate. Curretage results in defects that weaken the bone potentially leading to fractures. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively determine postoperative fracture risk after curettage of chondroid tumors, including patient-specific characteristics that could influence fracture risk.

Pilot Study: Short Term Impact of Radiation Therapy on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolism.

Despite the risk of complications, high dose radiation therapy is increasingly utilized in the management of selected bone malignancies. In this study, we investigate the impact of moderate to high dose radiation (over 50 Gy) on bone metabolism and structure. Between 2015 and 2018, patients with a primary malignant bone tumor of the sacrum that were either treated with high dose definitive radiation only or a combination of moderate to high dose radiation and surgery were prospectively enrolled at a single institution.

Bone sarcoma follow-up; a nationwide analysis of oncological events after initial treatment.

Aim: Follow-up strategies for high-grade bone sarcomas have been optimized to facilitate early detection of local recurrence and distant metastasis. The ideology is that early detection enables early treatment presuming better survival. However, the clinical value for each individual patient remains questionable.

Quality of Life Changes After Surgery for Metastatic Spinal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Study Design: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the quality of life (QoL) after open surgery for spinal metastases, and how surgery affects physical, social/family, emotional, and functional well-being.

Summary Of Background Data: It remains questionable to what extent open surgery improves QoL for metastatic spinal disease, it would be interesting to quantify the magnitude and duration of QoL benefits-if any-after surgery for spinal metastases.

Serum alkaline phosphatase is a prognostic marker in bone metastatic disease of the extremity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of serum alkaline phosphatase for treatment decision making in metastatic bone disease.

Methods: 1090 patients who underwent surgery for extremity metastatic disease were retrospectively identified at two tertiary care centers. The association between alkaline phosphatase and mortality was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analyses.

Does Artificial Intelligence Outperform Natural Intelligence in Interpreting Musculoskeletal Radiological Studies? A Systematic Review.

Background: Machine learning (ML) is a subdomain of artificial intelligence that enables computers to abstract patterns from data without explicit programming. A myriad of impactful ML applications already exists in orthopaedics ranging from predicting infections after surgery to diagnostic imaging. However, no systematic reviews that we know of have compared, in particular, the performance of ML models with that of clinicians in musculoskeletal imaging to provide an up-to-date summary regarding the extent of applying ML to imaging diagnoses.

Development and Internal Validation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Preoperative Survival Prediction of Extremity Metastatic Disease.

Background: A preoperative estimation of survival is critical for deciding on the operative management of metastatic bone disease of the extremities. Several tools have been developed for this purpose, but there is room for improvement. Machine learning is an increasingly popular and flexible method of prediction model building based on a data set.

Physical function and pain intensity in patients with metastatic bone disease.

Background: Patient reported outcome data in bone metastatic disease are scarce and it would be useful to have normative data and understand what patients are at risk for poor function and more pain.

Objectives: We aimed to assess what factors are independently associated with physical function and pain intensity in patients with bone metastasis.

Methods: We included data from 211 patients with bone metastasis who completed a survey (2014-2016) including the PROMIS Physical Function Cancer and PROMIS Pain Intensity questionnaires.

Multiflora and Gram-Negative Microorganisms Predominate in Infections Affecting Pelvic Endoprostheses Following Tumor Resection.

Background: Periprosthetic infections after pelvic reconstruction are common, with reported rates ranging from 11% to 53%. Management of these infections is troublesome, as they commonly necessitate multiple surgical interventions and implant removal. The epidemiology and outcomes of these infections are largely unknown.

Bone sarcoma incidence in the Netherlands.

Aims: Chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma form the majority of malignant primary tumours of bone. High-grade bone sarcomas require intensive treatment due to their rapid and invasive growth pattern and metastasising capabilities. This nationwide study covers overall incidence, treatment and survival patterns of bone sarcomas in a 15-year period (2000-2014) in the total population of the Netherlands.

Outcome after reconstruction of proximal femoral tumors: A systematic review.

Tumor resection followed by reconstruction with a proximal femoral endoprosthesis or an allograft-prosthesis composite are the two main alternatives for treatment of proximal femoral malignancies. This review describes the revision rate, implant survival, limb salvage rate, and function. Overall revision rates are high and reasons for failure differ between treatment modalities.

Sacral chordoma: a clinical review of 101 cases with 30-year experience in a single institution.

Background: Local recurrence rates are high in sacral chordoma patients. Adjuvant radiotherapy may play a role in increasing local control. Patients with locally recurrent tumors continue to comprise a significant proportion of the sacral chordoma population and appear to have worse prognosis than those with primary tumors.

Complications and reoperations after surgery for 647 patients with spine metastatic disease.

Background Context: Postoperative morbidity may offset the potential benefits of surgical treatment for spine metastatic disease; hence, risk factors for postoperative complications and reoperations should be taken into considerations during surgical decision-making. In addition, it remains unknown whether complications and reoperations shorten these patients' survival.

Purpose: We aimed to describe and identify factors associated with having a complication within 30 days of index surgery as well as factors associated with having a subsequent reoperation.

What Is the Effect of High-dose Radiation on Bone in Patients With Sacral Chordoma? A CT Study.

Background: Effects of high-dose radiation using protons and photons on bone are relatively unexplored, but high rates of insufficiency fractures are reported, and the causes of this are incompletely understood. Imaging studies with pre- and postradiation scans can help one understand the effect of radiation on bone.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of high-dose radiation on the trabecular density of bone in the sacrum using CT-derived Hounsfield units (HU).

Management of metastatic humeral fractures: Variations according to orthopedic subspecialty, tumor characteristics.

Hypothesis: This study assessed, if there was a difference in surgical decision making for metastatic humeral lesions based on; orthopaedic subspecialty, tumor characteristics.

Study Type: Cross sectional survey study.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four case scenarios were created by combining: tumor type, life expectancy, fracture type, and anatomical location.