3D-printed Handheld Models Do Not Improve Recognition of Specific Characteristics and Patterns of Three-part and Four-part Proximal Humerus Fractures.

Background: Reliably recognizing the overall pattern and specific characteristics of proximal humerus fractures may aid in surgical decision-making. With conventional onscreen imaging modalities, there is considerable and undesired interobserver variability, even when observers receive training in the application of the classification systems used. It is unclear whether three-dimensional (3D) models, which now can be fabricated with desktop printers at relatively little cost, can decrease interobserver variability in fracture classification.

What are the patient-reported outcomes, functional limitations, and complications after lesser tuberosity fractures? a systematic review of 172 patients.

Background: Lesser tuberosity fractures are relatively rare, with an incidence of 0.46 per 100,000 persons per year. This systematic review was performed to address patient-reported outcomes (PROMs), shoulder function, and complications after lesser tuberosity fractures in pediatric and adult patients, as well as patients with an associated posterior shoulder dislocation.

[The limping child: a red flag for every physician].

A limping gait pattern in a child is a red flag for every physician until proven otherwise. Among the most common causes are coxitis fugax, infection (septic arthritis, osteomyelitis), Perthes disease, and slipped capital femoral epiphysis, depending on the age of the patient. A high index of suspicion is required because clinical findings are often subtle, and the diagnosis may be present even if initial radiographs are negative.