Domestic and family violence and associated maternal and perinatal outcomes: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: Domestic family violence (DFV) is a global health concern affecting one in three women worldwide. Women are vulnerable to DFV throughout their life; however, pregnancy introduces an increased risk of experiencing DFV for millions of women and birthing people.

Methods: Routinely collected data from two hospitals in one local health district in New South Wales, Australia, were examined to determine the prevalence of DFV from 2010 to 2019.

Cesarean delivery: Trend in indications over three decades within a major city hospital network.

Introduction: The cesarean delivery rate has been increasing globally in recent decades. The reasons for this are complex and subject to ongoing debate. Investigation of the indications for cesarean delivery and how these have changed over an extended period of time could provide insight into the reasons for changing obstetric practice.

The association between induction of labour at 38 to 39 weeks pregnancy and indication for caesarean delivery: An observational study.

Background: Induction of labour is associated with a reduction in caesarean delivery, but the mechanism of action and which groups of women might benefit remain unknown.

Aims: To assess the association between induction of labour at 38-39 weeks pregnancy, and caesarean delivery: (i) overall; (ii) for slow progress in labour; and (iii) for suspected fetal compromise.

Material And Methods: Retrospective observational study in two Sydney hospitals from 2009 to 2016, among nulliparous women with induction of labour at 38 or 39 completed weeks pregnancy and a singleton, cephalic presenting fetus.

Outcomes of induction of labour in nulliparous women at 38 to 39 weeks pregnancy by clinical indication: An observational study.

Background: Knowledge of the outcomes of induction of labour for different indications is sparse.

Aims: To describe the mode of birth and other outcomes for nulliparous women induced at 38-39 weeks gestational age by indication for induction of labour.

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective observational study in a tertiary referral hospital, and a metropolitan teaching hospital in Sydney.

Transplacental haemorrhage may explain the intrapartum transmission of HIV. A pilot study uses flow cytometry to quantify maternal red blood cells in infants born vaginally or by caesarean section.

Intrapartum transmission is epidemiologically important for some viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B virus, but its precise mechanism is unknown. We hypothesised that the ability of elective caesarean section to prevent HIV may be due to prevention of transplacental microtransfusions of blood during labour. Their frequency is not known so we performed a pilot study which showed evidence of transplacental transfusion from mother to fetus in one of ten mother-infant pairs delivering vaginally and none of ten delivering by elective caesarean section.