The parietal notch (Brammer's pointer): Accuracy of a surface landmark for temporal bone surgery.

Hypothesis: The parietal notch is a reliable surface landmark of the sigmoid sinus at the sinodural angle.

Background: Currently no surface landmark approximates the anterior border of the sigmoid sinus. Additionally, the temporal line may not accurately identify the tegmen near the sinodural angle.

Teaching Effective Informed Consent Communication Skills in the Virtual Surgical Clerkship.

Background: The disruption by the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate medical education allowed for assessment of virtual curricular innovations. One of the difficulties encountered in the virtual curriculum is the teaching of clinical competencies that would traditionally require students to undergo in-person simulations and patient encounters. We implemented a novel informed consent activity module, with standardized patients, to improve self-efficacy in communication within our core surgery clerkship.