Publications by authors named "Bradley J Needles"

Elite distance runners have exhibited race time improvements since the 2020 introduction of advanced footwear technology (AFT) for track and field, also known as "super" spikes. The observed performance improvements may be due to changes in midsole compliance, which could affect leg stiffness while wearing AFT spikes. Since increased leg stiffness has been associated with running speeds greater than 6 m/s, race time improvements for elite distance runners wearing AFT spikes may be reduced at faster running speeds.

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