Pharmacist Integration to Support Continuous Glucose Monitoring Initiation: A Collaborative, Patient-Centered Approach.

The development of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has allowed for improved glycemic control among patients with diabetes. Clinical pharmacists possess medication expertise and can provide support for increased CGM utilization through device education and affordability assistance, but there is limited evidence evaluating the effectiveness of clinical pharmacist-assisted CGM initiation. The objective of this study was to examine how clinical pharmacist-assisted CGM implementation can impact glycemic control for patients with diabetes.

Current and future treatments for sickle cell disease - from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to in vivo gene therapy.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a single-gene disorder caused by a point mutation of the β-globin gene, resulting in hemolytic anemia, acute pain, multiorgan damage, and early mortality. Hydroxyurea is a first-line drug therapy that switches sickle-globin to non-pathogenic γ-globin; however, it requires lifelong oral administration. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation allows for a one-time cure for SCD, albeit with histocompatibility limitations.

The spectrum of IDH- and H3-wildtype high-grade glioma subgroups occurring across teenage and young adult patient populations.

Background: High-grade gliomas (HGG) occur in any central nervous system (CNS) location and any age. HGGs in teenagers/young adults (TYA) are understudied. This project aimed to characterise these tumours to support accurate patient stratification.

Interpretability of AI race detection model in medical imaging with saliency methods.

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful tools for classifying images. Using these convolutional models for medical images is challenging due to their complexity and large number of parameters, making it hard to find clinically meaningful explanations for their decisions. To overcome the opaqueness inherent to such models, saliency techniques suggest generating maps that highlight the regions of an image important for the DNN's prediction.

Losing Confidence and Networks as an Impact of Staff/Faculty-Student Sexual Harassment: Quantitative Findings From the UK.

Sexual misconduct perpetrated by faculty/staff in higher education can have severe and long-lasting impacts. This study reports on a survey of 1,768 current and former students in U.K.

AI-powered prostate cancer detection: a multi-centre, multi-scanner validation study.

Objectives: Multi-centre, multi-vendor validation of artificial intelligence (AI) software to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is lacking. We compared a new AI solution, validated on a separate dataset from different UK hospitals, to the original multidisciplinary team (MDT)-supported radiologist's interpretations.

Materials And Methods: A Conformité Européenne (CE)-marked deep-learning (DL) computer-aided detection (CAD) medical device (Pi) was trained to detect Gleason Grade Group (GG) ≥ 2 cancer using retrospective data from the PROSTATEx dataset and five UK hospitals (793 patients).

The Role of the VWF/ADAMTS13 Axis in the Thromboinflammatory Response in Ischemic Stroke After SARS-CoV2 Infection.

Background: SARS-CoV2 infections increase the risk of ischemic stroke (IS), potentially through a thromboinflammatory cascade driven by an imbalance in the ratio of Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13), leading to the formation of ultra-large VWF (UL-VWF). However, the SARS-CoV2 infection's contribution to any VWF/ADAMTS13 axis imbalance and the subsequent thromboinflammatory response post-stroke remain poorly understood.

Methods: We performed a detailed thromboinflammatory profile of the plasma samples from three experimental cohorts matched by age, sex, and stroke severity: non-stroke controls (n = 23), SARS-CoV2 negative IS (n = 22), and SARS-CoV2 positive IS (n = 24).

Binding-site purification of actives (B-SPA) enables efficient large-scale progression of fragment hits by combining multi-step array synthesis with HT crystallography.

Fragment approaches are long-established in target-based ligand discovery yet their full transformative potential lies dormant, because progressing hits to potency remains underserved by methodological work. The only credible progression paradigm is multiple cycles of costly conventional design-make-test-analyse (DMTA) medicinal chemistry, necessitating picking winners early and discarding others.  It is effective to cheaply parallelize large numbers of non-uniform multi-step reactions, because, even without compound purification, a high-quality readout of binding is available, viz.

Dysregulation of Retinal and Photoreceptor Structural Integrity Genes in ATF6 Retinal Organoids.

ATF6 is a key regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis during ER stress. In people, loss of ATF6 function causes cone dysfunction, manifesting as achromatopsia (ACHM). Previously, we generated ACHM retinal organoids (ROs) from patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying mutant ATF6 variants and gene-edited ATF6-knockout (KO) human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).

Conflicts of interest in the International Agency for Research on Cancer process of identifying carcinogenic hazards to humans.

Managing conflicts of interest (COIs) in scientific decision-making is important for minimizing bias and fostering public trust in science. Proper management of COIs has added significance when scientists are making decisions that impact public policy, such as assessing substances for carcinogenicity. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) organizes expert working groups to identify putative carcinogens and determine whether or not the hazard is likely to present significant potential harm to humans.

Standoff ultra-compact micro-Raman (SUCR) sensor for lunar surface exploration.

The Raman characterization results of lunar relevant simulants, including liquid water, ice, and organics using NASA Langley developed standoff ultra-compact micro-Raman (SUCR) sensor are presented. The SUCR sensor is designed as an instrument applicable for future lunar surface operations. The SUCR is equipped to be mounted on a lunar lander's platform or on a rover's robotic arm for close Raman inspection of mixed samples on the lunar surface, including mapping the mineralogy, determining water ice distribution, and identifying frozen volatiles.

Historical Control Data of Spontaneous Lesions of Laboratory New Zealand White and Dutch Belted Rabbits () Used in Toxicity Studies.

A retrospective study was performed to determine the incidences of spontaneous findings in control laboratory New Zealand White (NZW) and Dutch Belted (DB) rabbits. Terminal body and organ weights data were also collected. A total of 2170 NZW (526 males/1644 females), 100 DB rabbits (50 animals per sex), aged 4- to 7-month-old were obtained from 158 non-clinical studies evaluated between 2013 and 2022.

A forward genetic screen identifies potassium channel essentiality in SHH medulloblastoma maintenance.

Distinguishing tumor maintenance genes from initiation, progression, and passenger genes is critical for developing effective therapies. We employed a functional genomic approach using the Lazy Piggy transposon to identify tumor maintenance genes in vivo and applied this to sonic hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastoma (MB). Combining Lazy Piggy screening in mice and transcriptomic profiling of human MB, we identified the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB2 as a candidate maintenance driver.

Attribute Conditioning is insensitive to cue competition and is not predicted by the Big Five Personality Traits.

When a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus denoting an attribute, the neutral stimulus inherits that attribute (i.e., Attribute Conditioning; AC).

Use of a hidden Markov model for interpretation of serial cow milk paratuberculosis antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results adjusted for milk yield and quality.

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a common, economically-important and potentially zoonotic contagious disease of cattle, with worldwide distribution. Disease management relies on identification of animals which are at high-risk of being infected or infectious.

Hyperaminoacidemia from interrupted glucagon signaling increases pancreatic acinar cell proliferation and size via mTORC1 and YAP pathways.

Increased blood amino acid levels (hyperaminoacidemia) stimulate pancreas expansion by unclear mechanisms. Here, by genetic and pharmacological disruption of glucagon receptor (GCGR) in mice and zebrafish, we found that the ensuing hyperaminoacidemia promotes pancreatic acinar cell proliferation and cell hypertrophy, which can be mitigated by a low protein diet in mice. In addition to mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, acinar cell proliferation required , the most highly expressed amino acid transporter gene in both species.

Factorial experiment to identify two-way interactions between temperature, harvesting period, hydraulic retention time, and light intensity that influence the biomass productivity and phosphorus removal efficiency of a microalgae-bacteria biofilm.

Rotating algae biofilm reactors (RABRs) can reduce energy requirements for wastewater reclamation but require further optimization for implementation at water resource recovery facilities (WRRF). Optimizing RABR operation is challenging because conditions at WRRF change frequently, and disregarding interaction terms related to these changes can produce incorrect conclusions about RABR behavior. This study evaluated the two-way interaction and main effects of four factors on the biomass productivity and phosphorus removal efficiency of a microalgae-bacteria biofilm grown in municipal anaerobic digester centrate, with factor levels and operating conditions selected to mimic a pilot RABR at a WRRF in Utah.

Heterogeneous endocrine cell composition defines human islet functional phenotypes.

Phenotyping and genotyping initiatives within the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP), the largest source of human islets for research in the U.S., provide standardized assessment of islet preparations distributed to researchers, enabling the integration of multiple data types.

Accommodative behaviour and retinal defocus in highly myopic eyes fitted with a dual focus myopia control contact lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the myopic and hyperopic defocus delivered to the retina by a dual focus (DF) myopia control contact lens when myopia exceeds 6.00 D.

Methods: Individuals with high myopia were fitted bilaterally with high-powered DF lenses containing power profiles matching a Coopervision MiSight 1 day contact lens (omafilcon A) and a Coopervision Proclear 1 day single vision (SV) lens.

Preclinical development and characterisation of PP353, a formulation of linezolid for intradiscal administration.

Introduction: Bacterial infection of the intervertebral disc can lead to vertebral endplate edema known as Modic changes, with associated chronic low back pain. Oral antimicrobial therapy has shown efficacy but relies on prolonged dosing and may not be optimal in terms of patient outcome, side effects, or antibiotic stewardship. There is no antibiotic formulation approved for intradiscal administration.

Interruption of glucagon signaling augments islet non-alpha cell proliferation in SLC7A2- and mTOR-dependent manners.

Objective: Dysregulated glucagon secretion and inadequate functional beta cell mass are hallmark features of diabetes. While glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism ameliorates hyperglycemia and elicits beta cell regeneration in pre-clinical models of diabetes, it also promotes alpha and delta cell hyperplasia. We sought to investigate the mechanism by which loss of glucagon action impacts pancreatic islet non-alpha cells, and the relevance of these observations in a human islet context.