Reported Personality Traits and Histories of Childhood Maltreatment in Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar 2 Disorder: A Comparative Study.

This study compared borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar 2 disorder (BP 2 disorder) with respect to reported childhood trauma and Five-Factor personality traits using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Participants were 50 men and women, aged 18-45, with -5-diagnosed BPD and 50 men and women in the same age group with -5-diagnosed BP 2 disorder. Participants could not meet criteria for both BPD and BP 2 disorder.

Amygdala Resting State Connectivity Differences between Bipolar II and Borderline Personality Disorders.

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar II disorder (BD II) have significant clinical overlap, leaving the potential for diagnostic inaccuracies and inadequate treatment recommendations. However, few studies have probed for clinical and neurobiological differences between the two disorders. Clinically, some prior studies have linked BPD with greater impulsivity and more frequent negative affective shifts than BD II, whereas previous neuroimaging studies have highlighted both similar and distinct neural abnormalities in BPD and BD II.

Levels of Acceptance and Forgiveness Reported by Patients With BPD and Personality-Disordered Comparison Subjects Over 20 Years of Prospective Follow-Up.

This study had two objectives: to determine the levels of acceptance and forgiveness reported by patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and personality-disordered comparison subjects and by recovered versus non-recovered patients with BPD over 20 years of prospective follow-up. Levels of acceptance and forgiveness were reassessed every 2 years. Patients with BPD reported levels of these states that were approximately 70% lower than comparison subjects at baseline.

Description and prediction of time-to-attainment of excellent recovery for borderline patients followed prospectively for 20 years.

One purpose of this study was to determine the cumulative rates of excellent recovery for borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects followed prospectively for 20 years. Another purpose was to find the best set of baseline predictors of excellent recovery for borderline patients. A total of 290 inpatients meeting rigorous criteria for borderline personality disorder and 72 axis II comparison subjects completed semistructured interviews and self-report measures during their index admission.

Fluidity of the Subsyndromal Phenomenology of Borderline Personality Disorder Over 16 Years of Prospective Follow-Up.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the cumulative rates of 2- and 4-year remission, and the recurrences that follow them, of 24 symptoms of borderline personality disorder over 16 years of prospective follow-up.

Method: A total of 290 inpatients meeting rigorous criteria for borderline personality disorder and 72 axis II comparison subjects were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured diagnostic interviews. The same instruments were readministered at eight contiguous 2-year time periods.

Rates of psychotropic medication use reported by borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects over 16 years of prospective follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to assess the classes and types of psychotropic medication reported by borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects over 16 years of prospective follow-up. Medication use was assessed at baseline using a semistructured interview of proven reliability and validity as well as its follow-up analog at 8 contiguous 2-year follow-up periods. A significantly higher percentage of borderline patients than axis II comparison subjects reported taking an antidepressant, an anxiolytic, an antipsychotic, and a mood stabilizer over time.

Treatment rates for patients with borderline personality disorder and other personality disorders: a 16-year study.

Objective: The goal of this study was to document the use of 16 treatment modalities reported by 290 patients with borderline personality disorder and 72 patients with other axis II disorders over 16 years of prospective follow-up.

Methods: This study built upon previous findings of the McLean Study of Adult Development. Treatment use was assessed at baseline and at eight two-year follow-up periods with a semistructured interview of proven reliability and validity.

The course of marriage/sustained cohabitation and parenthood among borderline patients followed prospectively for 16 years.

The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of marriage/sustained cohabitation and parenthood reported by recovered and nonrecovered borderline patients, the age first undertaken, and the stability of these relationships. Borderline patients were interviewed about these topics during their index admission and eight times over 16 years of prospective follow-up. Recovered borderline patients were significantly more likely than nonrecovered borderline patients to have married/lived with an intimate partner and to have become a parent.

Comparison of affective instability in borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder using a self-report measure.

Background: This study used a new self-report instrument to measure frequency and intensity of nine dimensions of affective instability, as well as the extent to which affective instability was interpersonal, in subjects endorsing elevated features of BPD and bipolar disorder.

Method: Subjects were 818 students enrolled in a state university. The study used self-report instruments to identify 21 participants with elevated features of mania and 30 subjects with significant BPD features.

The course of anxiety disorders other than PTSD in patients with borderline personality disorder and Axis II comparison subjects: a 10-year follow-up study.

The objectives of this study were to assess the rates of comorbid anxiety disorders other than PTSD in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and Axis II comparison subjects over ten years of prospective follow-up and to determine time-to-remission, recurrence, and new onset of these disorders. The SCID I was administered to 290 borderline patients and 72 Axis II comparison subjects at baseline and at five contiguous 2-year follow-up waves. The rates of anxiety disorders for those in both groups declined significantly over time, although they remained significantly higher among borderline patients.

Attainment and stability of sustained symptomatic remission and recovery among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: a 16-year prospective follow-up study.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to determine time to attainment of symptom remission and to recovery lasting 2, 4, 6, or 8 years among patients with borderline personality disorder and comparison subjects with other personality disorders and to determine the stability of these outcomes.

Method: A total of 290 inpatients with borderline personality disorder and 72 comparison subjects with other axis II disorders were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured interviews, which were administered again at eight successive 2-year follow-up sessions. For inclusion in the study, patients with borderline personality disorder had to meet criteria for both the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and DSM-III-R.

Affective lability in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder.

Background: The boundaries between the affective instability in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder have not been clearly defined. Using self-report measures, previous research has suggested that the affective lability of patients with bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder may have different characteristics.

Methods: We assessed the mood states of 29 subjects meeting Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for BPD and 25 subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for bipolar II disorder or cyclothymia using the Affective Lability Scale (ALS), the Affect Intensity Measure (AIM), and a newly developed clinician-administered instrument, the Affective Lability Interview for Borderline Personality Disorder (ALI-BPD).

Predictors of self-mutilation in patients with borderline personality disorder: A 10-year follow-up study.

Background: Self-mutilation is a common and serious problem in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The purpose of this study was to determine the most clinically relevant baseline and time-varying predictors of self-mutilation over 10 years of prospective follow-up among patients with BPD.

Method: Four semistructured interviews assessing axis I disorders, childhood adversity, adult experiences of abuse, and experiences of self-mutilation were administered at baseline to 290 patients meeting DIB-R and DSM-III-R criteria for BPD.

The course of substance use disorders in patients with borderline personality disorder and Axis II comparison subjects: a 10-year follow-up study.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to detail the course of substance use disorders (SUDs) over 10 years of prospective follow-up among patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and Axis II comparison subjects.

Design: This study uses data from the McLean Study of Adult Development (MSAD), a multi-faceted study of the longitudinal course of BPD using reliable repeated measures administered every 2 years over a decade of prospective follow-up.

Setting: All subjects were initially in-patients at McLean Hospital in Belmont Massachusetts.

A longitudinal study of the 10-year course of interpersonal features in borderline personality disorder.

The literature on borderline personality disorder (BPD) describes interpersonal disturbances as a core sector of psychopathology. The longitudinal course of these features remains poorly understood. Our aim is to describe the course of interpersonal features of BPD in a more detailed way than has been done previously.

Ten-year use of mental health services by patients with borderline personality disorder and with other axis II disorders.

Objective: The study determined the prevalence of use of three treatment modalities (individual therapy, medication, and hospitalization) reported over a ten-year period by patients with borderline personality disorder and by those in a comparison group with other axis II disorders. Time to cessation and time to resumption for each modality among patients with borderline personality disorder were also determined.

Methods: Treatment history of inpatients with a reliable diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (N=290) and of other axis II disorders (N=72) was assessed with an interview of proven reliability during the index admission.

Time to attainment of recovery from borderline personality disorder and stability of recovery: A 10-year prospective follow-up study.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to determine time to attainment of recovery from borderline personality disorder and to assess the stability of recovery.

Method: A total of 290 inpatients who met both DSM-III-R and Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines criteria for borderline personality disorder were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured interviews and self-report measures. The same instruments were readministered every 2 years for 10 years.

The 10-year course of psychosocial functioning among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the 10-year course of the psychosocial functioning of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Method: The social and vocational functioning of 290 inpatients meeting both the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) and DSM-III-R criteria for BPD and 72 axis II comparison subjects were carefully assessed during their index admission. Psychosocial functioning was reassessed using similar methods at five contiguous 2-year time periods.

Family history study of the familial coaggregation of borderline personality disorder with axis I and nonborderline dramatic cluster axis II disorders.

The purpose of this study was to assess the familial coaggregation of borderline personality disorder (BPD) with a full array of axis I disorders and four axis II disorders (antisocial personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and sadistic personality disorder) in the first-degree relatives of borderline probands and axis II comparison subjects. Four hundred and forty-five inpatients were interviewed about familial psychopathology using the Revised Family History Questionnaire-a semistructured interview of demonstrated reliability. Of these 445 subjects, 341 met both DIB-R and DSM-III-R criteria for BPD and 104 met DSM-III-R criteria for another type of personality disorder (and neither criteria set for BPD).

The 10-year course of social security disability income reported by patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects.

This study had two purposes. The first purpose was to assess the prevalence as well as the stability of reliance on social security disability income (SSDI) among patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The second purpose was to detail the prevalence of aspects of adult competence reported by borderline patients who ever received disability payments and those who never received such payments.

The course of eating disorders in patients with borderline personality disorder: a 10-year follow-up study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the longitudinal course of eating disorders in patients with borderline personality disorder.

Method: The SCID I was administered to 290 borderline inpatients and 72 participants with other axis II disorders during their index admission and at five contiguous 2-year follow-up periods.

Results: The prevalence of anorexia, bulimia, and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) declined significantly over time for those in both study groups but the prevalence of EDNOS remained significantly higher among borderline patients.