Evaluation of a new out-of-hospital newborn life support (OH-NLS) course in the UK South West region: a mixed-methods survey study.

Introduction: Unplanned out-of-hospital births (UOHBs) are associated with poorer outcomes for babies, especially those born prematurely. The current Newborn Life Support (NLS) course offered by Resuscitation Council UK (RCUK) is not designed to address the challenges associated with birth out of hospital. A new course was developed to address these challenges.

Implementation of a Labor Dystocia Checklist to Reduce NTSV C-Section Rates.

Background And Objectives: Cesarean section (c-section) rates among nulliparous, term, singleton, and vertex (NTSV) pregnancies are increasing, posing risk to the infant and birthing parent. To reach the Healthy People 2030 goal of an NTSV c-section rate below 23.6%, teams must remain aware of their NTSV c-section rate and implement mechanisms to reduce it.

Development of a centralised national AED (automated external defibrillator) network across all ambulance services in the United Kingdom.

Background: Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation is key to increasing survival following an out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest (OHCA). However, automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are used in a very small percentage of cases. Despite large numbers of AEDs in the community, the absence of a unified system for registering their locations across the UK's ambulance services may have resulted in missed opportunities to save lives.

Breed Ancestry, Divergence, Admixture, and Selection Patterns of the Simbra Crossbreed.

In this study, we evaluated an admixed South African Simbra crossbred population, as well as the Brahman (Indicine) and Simmental (Taurine) ancestor populations to understand their genetic architecture and detect genomic regions showing signatures of selection. Animals were genotyped using the Illumina BovineLD v2 BeadChip (7K). Genomic structure analysis confirmed that the South African Simbra cattle have an admixed genome, composed of 5/8 Taurine and 3/8 Indicine, ensuring that the Simbra genome maintains favorable traits from both breeds.

An assessment of nurse-led triage at Connaught Hospital, Sierra Leone in the immediate post-Ebola period.

Introduction: Nurse-led triage, using the South African Triage Scale, was introduced to the emergency centre of the tertiary referral hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone in early 2014 prior to the Ebola epidemic. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of the process now that the country has been declared free of Ebola.

Methods: The study was conducted over a five-day consecutive period in the adult emergency centre of the main government teaching hospital in December 2015.

The pentose phosphate pathway leads to enhanced succinic acid flux in biofilms of wild-type Actinobacillus succinogenes.

Increased pentose phosphate pathway flux, relative to total substrate uptake flux, is shown to enhance succinic acid (SA) yields under continuous, non-growth conditions of Actinobacillus succinogenes biofilms. Separate fermentations of glucose and xylose were conducted in a custom, continuous biofilm reactor at four different dilution rates. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase assays were performed on cell extracts derived from in situ removal of biofilm at each steady state.

Succinic acid production on xylose-enriched biorefinery streams by Actinobacillus succinogenes in batch fermentation.

Background: Co-production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass alongside fuels holds promise for improving the economic outlook of integrated biorefineries. In current biochemical conversion processes that use thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, fractionation of hemicellulose-derived and cellulose-derived sugar streams is possible using hydrothermal or dilute acid pretreatment (DAP), which then offers a route to parallel trains for fuel and chemical production from xylose- and glucose-enriched streams. Succinic acid (SA) is a co-product of particular interest in biorefineries because it could potentially displace petroleum-derived chemicals and polymer precursors for myriad applications.

Continuous succinic acid production from xylose by Actinobacillus succinogenes.

Continuous, anaerobic fermentations of D-xylose were performed by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z in a custom, biofilm reactor at dilution rates of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.

Continuous succinic acid production by Actinobacillus succinogenes on xylose-enriched hydrolysate.

Background: Bio-manufacturing of high-value chemicals in parallel to renewable biofuels has the potential to dramatically improve the overall economic landscape of integrated lignocellulosic biorefineries. However, this will require the generation of carbohydrate streams from lignocellulose in a form suitable for efficient microbial conversion and downstream processing appropriate to the desired end use, making overall process development, along with selection of appropriate target molecules, crucial to the integrated biorefinery. Succinic acid (SA), a high-value target molecule, can be biologically produced from sugars and has the potential to serve as a platform chemical for various chemical and polymer applications.

Succinic acid-producing biofilms of Actinobacillus succinogenes: reproducibility, stability and productivity.

Continuous anaerobic fermentations were performed in a biofilm reactor packed with Poraver® beads. Dilution rates (D) varied between 0.054 and 0.

A campus-community partnership for farmworkers' health: interventions for tomato workers in Tennessee.

Background: Migrant farm workers are exposed to job hazards in Tennessee, which is among the top five tomato-producing states.

Objectives: This project sought to cultivate and evaluate a partnership to marshal greater resources to address migrants' concerns and to better prepare future health professionals to address occupational issues.

Methods: In the spring of 2008, an interprofessional student-faculty team at a regional university catalyzed a partnership with a clinic for migrants and a national network caring for the itinerant underserved.

Effect of nighttime temperature on tomato plant defensive chemistry.

Given that the amplitude of diurnal temperature fluctuations has been decreasing, mainly via warmer night temperatures, we examined the effects of nighttime temperature on concentration of the catecholic phenolics chlorogenic acid and rutin in tomato plants. A two-factor design, with carbon dioxide (350 ppm and 700 ppm) and nighttime temperature (14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 degrees C, with a 26 degrees C daytime temperature) was used. Compared to the lower carbon dioxide level, for whole plants the concentration of phenolics was lower at the higher carbon dioxide level, but patterns for plant parts differed.