The role of mesoscale-driven connectivity patterns in coral recovery around Moorea and Tahiti, French Polynesia.

Coral reefs are declining due to anthropogenic warming. Nonetheless, some have recovered quickly from repeated bleaching events. Coral recovery depends on adaptation capabilities, fishing pressure, overall number of stressors, reef conditions before the event, and degree of connectivity.

Measurement of the Gamma-Ray-to-Neutron Branching Ratio for the Deuterium-Tritium Reaction in Magnetic Confinement Fusion Plasmas.

At present, magnetic confinement fusion devices rely solely on absolute neutron counting as a direct way of measuring fusion power. Absolute counting of deuterium-tritium gamma rays could provide the secondary neutron-independent technique required for the validation of scientific results and as a licensing tool for future power plants. However, this approach necessitates an accurate determination of the gamma-ray-to-neutron branching ratio.

Development of a measuring technique based on JET second D-T campaign (DTE2) experience for assessing fusion power at ITER during D-T operation using the radial gamma-ray spectrometer.

The ITER Radial Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (RGRS) consists of three gamma-ray detectors observing the plasma through three collimated, coplanar, radial lines of sight (LoS). The system was initially designed to monitor the runaway electron emission and the alpha-particle density profile [Nocente et al., Nucl.

Kilometer-scale ocean processes behind the variability of the Island Mass Effect in the Maldives.

The Island Mass Effect (IME) around the Maldives is responsible for intense blooms with distinct seasonal patterns. These blooms sustain the fishing industry of the archipelagic nation, a vital source of income that occupies about 30% of the population. Through high resolution ocean simulations, we explore the physical processes responsible for the increased productivity and its observed variability, and their sensitivity to changes in land distribution.

Submesoscale variability enhances shoreline oiling: deepwater blowout simulations in the Agulhas current.

This study critically examines oil spill simulations for a hypothetical 15 day deepwater blowout spill scenario off the east coast of South Africa, coincident with the upper reaches of the Agulhas Current. Our aim is to quantify the impact of submesoscale circulations on the fate of the oil by comparing a submesoscale permitting (2.5 km) versus a mesoscale resolving (7.

Performance study of ray-based ocean acoustic tomography methods for estimating submesoscale variability in the upper ocean.

Ocean acoustic tomography (OAT) methods aim at estimating variations of sound speed profiles (SSP) based on acoustic measurements between multiple source-receiver pairs (e.g., eigenray travel times).

High-Precision Spectroscopy of ^{20}O Benchmarking Ab Initio Calculations in Light Nuclei.

The excited states of unstable ^{20}O were investigated via γ-ray spectroscopy following the ^{19}O(d,p)^{20}O reaction at 8  AMeV. By exploiting the Doppler shift attenuation method, the lifetimes of the 2_{2}^{+} and 3_{1}^{+} states were firmly established. From the γ-ray branching and E2/M1 mixing ratios for transitions deexciting the 2_{2}^{+} and 3_{1}^{+} states, the B(E2) and B(M1) were determined.

On the role of vertical resolution for resolving mesoscale eddy dynamics and the prediction of ocean sound speed variability.

This work investigates how vertical resolution affects the prediction of ocean sound speed through a suite of regional simulations covering the DeSoto Canyon in the Gulf of Mexico. Simulations have identical horizontal resolution of 0.5 km, partially resolving submesoscale dynamics, and vertical resolution from 30 to 200 terrain-following layers.

Search for Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes.

Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of Al and Na. While γ rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, Na remains untraceable. Its half-life (2.

Establishing Trust in Pharmaceutical Data with an Independent Verification and Validation Methodology.

Our aim is to demonstrate a general-purpose data and knowledge validation approach that enables reproducible metrics for data and knowledge quality and safety. We researched widely accepted statistical process control methods from high-quality, high-safety industries and applied them to pharmacy prescription data being migrated between EHRs. Natural language medication instructions from prescriptions were independently categorized by two terminologists as a first step toward encoding those medication instructions using standardized terminology.

Machine learning prediction of connectivity, biodiversity and resilience in the Coral Triangle.

Even optimistic climate scenarios predict catastrophic consequences for coral reef ecosystems by 2100. Understanding how reef connectivity, biodiversity and resilience are shaped by climate variability would improve chances to establish sustainable management practices. In this regard, ecoregionalization and connectivity are pivotal to designating effective marine protected areas.

The Safety Profile of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Observational Study.

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) are considered to be one of the highest priority categories, being recognized as extremely vulnerable people. For this reason, mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines are strongly recommended for these patients. Despite encouraging results on the efficacy and safety profile of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, to date, in frail populations, including patients diagnosed with MS, this information is rather limited.

Evidence of Partial Seniority Conservation in the πg_{9/2} Shell for the N=50 Isotones.

The reduced transition probabilities for the 4_{1}^{+}→2_{1}^{+} and 2_{1}^{+}→0_{1}^{+} transitions in ^{92}Mo and ^{94}Ru and for the 4_{1}^{+}→2_{1}^{+} and 6_{1}^{+}→4_{1}^{+} transitions in ^{90}Zr have been determined in this experiment making use of a multinucleon transfer reaction. These results have been interpreted on the basis of realistic shell-model calculations in the f_{5/2}, p_{3/2}, p_{1/2}, and g_{9/2} proton valence space. Only the combination of extensive lifetime information and large scale shell-model calculations allowed the extent of the seniority conservation in the N=50 g_{9/2} orbital to be understood.

Access and pricing of medicines for patients with rare diseases in the European Union: an industry perspective.

Introduction: The EU Orphan Regulation has successfully stimulated R&D of medicines for rare diseases, resulting in a substantial increase of orphan designations and authorized orphan medicinal products in the EU during last decade. Despite such advances, access to treatment across the 27 EU Member States is still highly variable.

Areas Covered: We provide an overview of the current situation of patient access to orphan drugs in the EU.

Non-transmural myocardial infarction associated with regional contractile function is an independent predictor of positive outcome: an integrated approach to myocardial viability.

Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance permits assessment of irreversible myocardial fibrosis and contractile function in patients with previous myocardial infarction. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of myocardial fibrotic tissue with preserved/restored contractile activity.

Methods: In 730 consecutive myocardial infarction patients (64 ± 11 years), we quantified left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes, ejection fraction (EF), regional wall motion (WM) (1 normal, 2 hypokinetic, 3 akinetic, 4 dyskinetic), and WM score index (WMSI), and measured the transmural (1-50 and 51-100) and global extent of the infarct scar by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).

CMR predictors of secondary moderate to severe mitral regurgitation and its additive prognostic role in previous myocardial infarction.

Background: We aimed to determine predictors and the additive prognostic role of moderate to severe (MS) ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) in myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: Four hundred twenty-two patients with previous MI underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV), sphericity index, wall motion score index (WMSI), and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Echocardiography was performed to assess MR.

Uncovering marine connectivity through sea surface temperature.

A foundational paradigm in marine ecology is that Oceans are divided into distinct ecoregions demarking unique assemblages of species where the characteristics of water masses, and quantity and quality of environmental resources are generally similar. In most of the world Ocean, defining these ecoregions is complicated by data sparseness away of coastal areas and by the large-scale dispersal potential of ocean currents. Furthermore, ocean currents and water characteristics change in space and time on scales pertinent to the transitions of biological communities, and predictions of community susceptibility to these changes remain elusive.

Submesoscale modulation of deep water formation in the Labrador Sea.

Submesoscale structures fill the ocean surface, and recent numerical simulations and indirect observations suggest that they may extend to the ocean interior. It remains unclear, however, how far-reaching their impact may be-in both space and time, from weather to climate scales. Here transport pathways and the ultimate fate of the Irminger Current water from the continental slope to Labrador Sea interior are investigated through regional ocean simulations.

Shape Coexistence at Zero Spin in ^{64}Ni Driven by the Monopole Tensor Interaction.

The low-spin structure of the semimagic ^{64}Ni nucleus has been considerably expanded: combining four experiments, several 0^{+} and 2^{+} excited states were identified below 4.5 MeV, and their properties established. The Monte Carlo shell model accounts for the results and unveils an unexpectedly complex landscape of coexisting shapes: a prolate 0^{+} excitation is located at a surprisingly high energy (3463 keV), with a collective 2^{+} state 286 keV above it, the first such observation in Ni isotopes.

Late Gadolinium Enhancement-Dispersion Mapping: A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique to Assess Prognosis in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Low-Intermediate 5-Year Risk of Sudden Death.

Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is an important prognostic marker in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and an extent >15% it is associated with high risk of sudden cardiac death. We proposed a novel method, the LGE-dispersion mapping, to assess heterogeneity of scar, and evaluated its prognostic role in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: One hundred eighty-three patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a low- or intermediate 5-year risk of sudden cardiac death underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Fragmentation of Single-Particle Strength around the Doubly Magic Nucleus ^{132}Sn and the Position of the 0f_{5/2} Proton-Hole State in ^{131}In.

Spectroscopic factors of neutron-hole and proton-hole states in ^{131}Sn and ^{131}In, respectively, were measured using one-nucleon removal reactions from doubly magic ^{132}Sn at relativistic energies. For ^{131}In, a 2910(50)-keV γ ray was observed for the first time and tentatively assigned to a decay from a 5/2^{-} state at 3275(50) keV to the known 1/2^{-} level at 365 keV. The spectroscopic factors determined for this new excited state and three other single-hole states provide first evidence for a strong fragmentation of single-hole strength in ^{131}Sn and ^{131}In.

The Usefulness of a Multimodality Approach in a Case of Subtle Iatrogenic Aortic Dissection: Sometimes is Better to Look and Wait.

We report a rare case of iatrogenic right coronary artery (RCA) dissection complicated by a retrograde subtle aortic dissection, which occurred during a primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). A 65-year-old female, with acute anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), promptly underwent primary PTCA in the left anterior descending artery. After 5 h, the patient's condition becomes worse with recurrence of chest pain and new electrocardiogram modifications suggestive of inferior STEMI.

Combined T1-mapping and tissue tracking analysis predicts severity of ischemic injury following acute STEMI-an Oxford Acute Myocardial Infarction (OxAMI) study.

Early risk stratification after ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is of major clinical importance. Strain quantifies myocardial deformation and can demonstrate abnormal global and segmental myocardial function in acute ischaemia. Native T1-mapping allows assessment of the severity of acute ischemic injury, however its clinical applicability early post MI is limited by the complex dynamic changes happening in the myocardium post MI.

Acute Microvascular Impairment Post-Reperfused STEMI Is Reversible and Has Additional Clinical Predictive Value: A CMR OxAMI Study.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the clinical utility and the predictive relevance of absolute rest myocardial blood flow (MBF) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Microvascular obstruction (MVO) remains one of the worst prognostic factors in patients with reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Clinical trials have focused on cardioprotective strategies to maintain microvascular functionality, but there is a need for a noninvasive test to determine their efficacy.