Estimation of Head Accelerations in Crashes Using Neural Networks and Sensors Embedded in the Protective Helmet.

Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) are one of the most frequent and severe outcomes of a Powered Two-Wheeler (PTW) crash. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly reduce permanent consequences. Despite the fact that devices to track head kinematics have been developed for sports applications, they all have limitations, which hamper their use in everyday road applications.

Early changes in cerebrospinal fluid Ca2+ and FFA levels following experimental spinal cord injury.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Ca2+ and free fatty acids (FFA) levels were determined for 4 h following experimental spinal cord (SC) injury in rabbits. The injury was produced by dropping a 20 g weight from 20 cm on exposed dura mater at the C5-C6 level. Samples of CSF were obtained from the cisterna magna from a second laminectomy at the C1 level.

[Anesthesia in the early surgical therapy of myelomeningocele].

Anaesthetic procedures in surgical repair of meningomyelocele in pediatric patients with particular reference to the problems concerning the specific pathology and the newborn age are reported. Authors consider that surgical repair in the first days of life assures a lesser incidence of leptomeningeal infections and a better functional improvement without an important increase of the anaesthetic risk.

Sodium nitroprusside and intracranial pressure.

The effects of sodium nitroprusside on intracranial pressure were studied in 10 patients, candidates for surgical treatment, prior to anaesthesia. Blood pressure was lowered to at least 50% of its initial value. In all cases, at the beginning of nitroprusside infusion, both the mean and the pulse intracranial pressures increased (mean increase: 83.

[Use of fazadinium in heart surgery. Clinical contribution].

A new muscle relaxant, fazadinio bromide, has been administered to 10 heart patients awaiting surgery and its induction utility assessed. A constant though non-significant increase in heart frequency, a significant reduction in maximum and a non-significant reduction in minimum arterial pressure were recorded. No arrythmia or changes in effort-induced cardiac index were seen.

Biochemical changes in neurosurgical patients under critical care treated with mannitol.

A Study was carried out on ten patients undergoing operations for brain tumors, who were treated with mannitol solutions. This caused a significant depletion of serum sodium ion and in an increase of discriminate osmolality (to 60 mosM/kg H2O). A hypothesis about the particular biochemical mechanism, involving the electrolyte and water distribution, is presented.

[Risk and choice of anesthetics for patients with previous malignant hyperthermia syndrome].

Two cases of m.h. are reported.