Hyperbaric oxygen treatment in addition to conventional multidisciplinary care in patients with calciphylaxis.

Background: Calciphylaxis is a rare and serious complication in patients with kidney disease. It has few treatment options and poor prognosis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may improve wound healing and was added to our conventional care in 2012.

Perspectives of healthcare providers around providing family planning services to women living with HIV attending six HIV treatment clinics in Lusaka, Zambia.

While international guidelines recommend integration of family planning (FP) and HIV services, limited research has been done to explore how healthcare providers perceive the feasibility and utility of integrated services. To address this gap, we administered a standardized questionnaire to 85 providers from 6 HIV clinics in Lusaka, Zambia, before (April-May 2018) and after (May-June 2019) implementing an enhanced model of FP/HIV service integration. We tested for differences in FP knowledge, attitudes and practices between the two time periods with tests appropriate for paired observations.

Racial Disparities in Treatment and Outcomes of Pediatric Hepatoblastoma.

Pediatric Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignancy of the liver. This study used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify 1068 patients diagnosed with hepatoblastoma from 2004 to 2020. χ 2 and Analysis of Variance testing, as well as Kaplan-Meier, Cox Regression, and multinomial logistic regression models were used.

Survival and treatment in older patients with ewing sarcoma: an analysis of the national cancer database.

Background: Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a malignancy which primarily arises in adolescence and has been studied extensively in this population. Much less is known about the rare patient cohort over the age of 40 at diagnosis. In this study, we describe the survival outcomes and clinical characteristics of this population.

Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Usage in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Patients.

Background: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) usually causes an increased fracture burden and bone deformity, with subsequent operations common. In addition to skeletal manifestations, there is a potential increase in bleeding susceptibility due to the increased frequency of orthopedic procedures, warranting investigation into methods to mitigate this risk. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) usage to reduce intraoperative blood loss in children with OI.

Increased Risk of Fracture, Dislocation, and Hospitalization Are Associated With Collision in Contact Sports.

Purpose: To quantitatively determine whether there is an added risk of orthopaedic injury attributable to the collision forces that athletes participating in collision-contact (CC) sports regularly encounter.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was used to collect data on patients presenting to an emergency department with a contact sports-related injury between 2014 and 2020. Select contact sports were classified as either belonging to a CC or noncollision-contact (NCC) sports group based on involvement of frequent and intentional player-to-player collisions.

An Evaluation of an Enhanced Model of Integrating Family Planning Into HIV Treatment Services in Zambia, April 2018-June 2019.

Background: We designed and implemented an enhanced model of integrating family planning (FP) into existing HIV treatment services at 6 health facilities in Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods: The enhanced model included improving FP documentation within HIV monitoring systems, training HIV providers in FP services, offering contraceptives within the HIV clinic, and facilitated referral to community-based distributors. Independent samples of women living with HIV (WLHIV) aged ≥16 years were interviewed before and after intervention and their clinical data abstracted from medical charts.

Better Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Rwandan Children 18-60 Months of Age After the Implementation of "Treat All".

Background: In 2012, Rwanda introduced a Treat All approach for HIV-infected children younger than 5 years. We compared antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, outcomes, and retention, before and after this change.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of children enrolled into care between June 2009 and December 2011 [Before Treat All (BTA) cohort] and between July 2012 and April 2015 [Treat All (TA) cohort].

Direct measurement of the effect of film miniaturization on diagnostic accuracy.

A method for directly measuring the reduction in diagnostic accuracy incurred by altering original radiographs was applied to evaluate a 35 mm film system. A total of 4,290 readings of 2,145 proved cases were collected. Analysis of the results indicate that the 35 mm system reduced diagnostic accuracy by about 2.