Adaptation and norming of the Edinburgh Cognitive and behavioural amyotrophic lateral sclerosis screen (ECAS) for three language groups in South Africa.

To adapt and translate the Edinburgh Cognitive and behavioural amyotrophic lateral sclerosis screen (ECAS); to generate preliminary normative data for three language groups in South Africa (SA); to assess the convergent validity of the ECAS in SA samples. : The ECAS was linguistically and culturally adapted for Afrikaans-, isiXhosa-, and English-speaking SA adults ( = 108, 100, and 53, respectively). Each language group was stratified by age and educational level.