Modifications of Nanobubble Therapy for Cancer Treatment.

Cancer development is related to genetic mutations in primary cells, where 5-10% of all cancers are derived from acquired genetic defects, most of which are a consequence of the environment and lifestyle. As it turns out, over half of cancer deaths are due to the generation of drug resistance. The local delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs may reduce their toxicity by increasing their therapeutic dose at targeted sites and by decreasing the plasma levels of circulating drugs.

Prognosis of Stage I Endometrial Cancer According to the FIGO 2023 Classification Taking into Account Molecular Changes.

Optimum risk stratification in an early stage of endometrial cancer (EC) combines molecular and clinicopathological features. The purpose of the study was to determine the prognostic value of molecular classification and traditional pathological factors in a sample group of patients with stage I EC according to the FIGO 2023 criteria, to achieve a more personalized approach to patient care and treatment. The immunohistochemistry for p53 and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, and DNA sequencing for exonuclease domain and clinicopathological parameters, including disease disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in 139 patients, were analyzed.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor Design and Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment.

Our increased understanding of tumour biology gained over the last few years has led to the development of targeted molecular therapies, e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) antagonists, poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome ( and mutants), increasing survival and improving the quality of life.

Clinical value of selected markers of angiogenesis, inflammation, insulin resistance and obesity in type 1 endometrial cancer.

Background: It is a well-known fact show that the risk of developing endometrial cancer (type 1 EC) is strongly associated with obesity. In this study, selected markers, such as obesity, insulin resistance, angiogenesis and inflammation markers related to EC type 1 progression and patients' survival data were analyzed.

Methods: To measure levels of adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin and C-peptide in 176 preoperative serum samples, the immunoassay technique (EMIT) has been applied.

Serum Concentrations of Carotenoids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Relation to Nutritional Status of Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

In this study, we aimed to determine serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) in ovarian cancer (OC) patients categorized by clinical and nutritional status and to compare obtained results with healthy controls. We used single-step extraction methods throughout the study. Serum concentrations of the bioactive compounds were measured using HPLC.

Quality of life in long-term survivors of early stage endometrial cancer.

Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy in developed countries. Effective treatment of the early stage of the disease is achieved by surgery alone. An increasing number of patients with EC become long-term survivors; therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the quality-of-life (QOL) of EC survivors.

Preoperative HE4, CA125 and ROMA in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate HE4, CA125 and ROMA in the preoperative differentiation benign ovarian diseases from epithelial ovarian cancer depending on the menopausal status.

Methods: In order to estimate markers' concentrations in the serum of women with benign ovarian disease (n = 128) and with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n = 96) the electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) technique has been applied.

Results: Using the ROC analysis, although no statistical differences were found among their AUCs, the ROMA algorithm seems to be effective in gathering the diverse performance of HE4 and CA125.

Utility of HE4 to identify patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer who may require lymphadenectomy.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to establish whether preoperative serum levels of HE4 and CA125 could be a good predictor for lymphadenectomy in the early stage of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus.

Material And Methods: Preoperative serum HE4 and CA125 were measured in 78 postmenopausal patients treated surgically. The ROC curves were generated to determine the optimal cutoff values of HE4 and CA125 levels with optimum sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of lymphadenectomy.

Prognostic significance of pretreatment VEGF, survivin, and Smac/DIABLO serum levels in patients with serous ovarian carcinoma.

The second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac/DIABLO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and survivin are known to play a significant role in the growth and development of numerous tumors. Serum concentrations of VEGF, survivin, and Smac/DIABLO were analyzed in 92 patients with serous ovarian cancer and 94 healthy controls. Values were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes.

Potential application of curcumin and its analogues in the treatment strategy of patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer.

Recent findings on the molecular basis of ovarian cancer development and progression create new opportunities to develop anticancer medications that would affect specific metabolic pathways and decrease side systemic toxicity of conventional treatment. Among new possibilities for cancer chemoprevention, much attention is paid to curcumin-A broad-spectrum anticancer polyphenolic derivative extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. According to ClinicalTrials.

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-8 and CRP as prognostic factors in epithelial ovarian cancer.

In the present study, associations between pretreatment interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) were analyzed using commercially available, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 118 patients and 64 control subjects. Values were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes. Control variables included age, stage, grade, histological type and residual tumor size.

Transvaginal electrical stimulation with surface-EMG biofeedback in managing stress urinary incontinence in women of premenopausal age: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of conservative treatment of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using transvaginal electrical stimulation with surface-electromyography-assisted biofeedback (TVES + sEMG) in women of premenopausal age.

Methods: One hundred and two patients with SUI were divided into two groups: active (n = 68) and placebo (n = 34) TVES + sEMG. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks and consisted of two sessions per day.

Pretreatment serum levels of bFGF and VEGF and its clinical significance in endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: In this study, we examined the frequency of serum elevation as well as the prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in endometrial cancer (EC) type I and a biologically aggressive variant of EC type II.

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment serum levels of bFGF and VEGF were evaluated by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for cancer patient samples with type I EC (n=70) and type II EC (n=64) and compared to a cohort of normal individuals (n=64). Values were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and outcome.

The prognostic significance of the immunohistochemical expression of P53 and BCL-2 in endometrial cancer.

The objective of this study was to verify the frequency of P53 and BCL-2 immunohistochemical expression in 98 patients with endometrial carcinoma, and to correlate it with clinical stage and patient survival. A significant difference was found regarding the frequency of P53 expression when comparing type I and II tumors (23.7% and 54.

Prognostic significance of smac/DIABLO in endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Apoptosis may occur via a death receptor-dependent or independent (mitochondrial) pathway. The mitochondrial pathway is regulated by small molecules, such as smac/Diablo, which activates caspase cascades. This study examined smac/DIABLO expression in 76 patients with endometrioid endometrial cancers.

Serum levels of VEGF and VEGF-C in patients with endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common type of uterine cancer. A dualistic model of endometrial tumorigenesis serves as a useful way of categorizing these cancers in terms of both etiology and clinical behavior. There are two types of EC: type I and type II.

Biomarkers as prognostic factors in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in more developed countries. Approximately 75% of cases are diagnosed at an early stage with a tumor confined to the uterine corpus. Although most patients are cured by surgery alone, about 15-20% with no signs of locally advanced or metastatic disease at primary treatment recurs, with limited responsiveness to systemic therapy.

Prognostic significance of VEGF and its receptors in endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Background: Angiogenesis is of crucial importance for endometrial tumor growth and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is the key mediator of angiogenesis.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the prognostic value of VEGF and its receptors in relation to endometrioid endometrial carcinomas.

Material And Methods: In this study we conducted an immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF and VEGFRs expression in 84 tissue samples obtained from endometrioid endometrial cancer patients undergoing curative surgical treatment.

Mutations in the KRAS gene in ovarian tumors.

RAS genes are the most frequently mutated oncogenes detected in human cancer. In this study we analyzed the presence of mutations at codon 12 of the KRAS gene in 78 women with ovarian tumor, including 64 invasive ovarian cancers and 14 borderline ovarian tumors, using an RFLP-PCR technique and we evaluated whether such alterations were associated with the selected clinicopathological parameters of the patients. KRAS codon 12 gene mutations were found in 6,2% of ovarian cancer tissue and in 14,3% of the borderline ovarian tumor.

Circulating free DNA, p53 antibody and mutations of KRAS gene in endometrial cancer.

This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of circulating free DNA (CFDNA), p53 antibody (p53-Ab) and mutations of KRAS gene in the development of endometrial cancer (EC). A total of 109 patients with EC (87 patients with Type I and 22 patients with Type II) took part in this study. KRAS mutations and CFDNA were detected by means of the PCR-RFLP and enriched by the PCR-RFPL method.

Circulating levels of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors in the plasma of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

The significance of circulating levels of TNF-alpha and its soluble receptors (sTNF-Rs) in the plasma of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not been fully elucidated. The present study was to investigate the relationship of pretreatment plasma levels of TNF-alpha, sTNFR-1 and sTNFR-2 with outcome in 126 patients with EOC. Concentrations of TNF-alpha and sTNF-Rs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

[The role of estrogens in angiogenesis in the female reproductive system].

Under physiological conditions, angiogenesis is routinely observed in the uterus. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that estrogen directly modulates angiogenesis via effects on endothelial cells. A clear association between estrogen, estrogen receptor expression by endothelial cells and angiogenic activity has been confirmed.

Mutations of the KRAS oncogene in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and clinicopathological significance of KRAS point mutation in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. We analysed KRAS in 11 cases of complex atypical hyperplasia and in 49 endometrial carcinomas using polymerase chain reaction associated with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFPL). Point mutations at codon 12 of KRAS oncogene were identified in 7 of 49 (14,3%) tumor specimens and in 2 of 11 (18,2%) hyperplasias.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors in epithelial ovarian cancer.

The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression pattern of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and its receptors (TNF-Rs) in the epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and compare these results with the outcome of 126 patients. Presence of TNF-alpha, TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 were studied by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The proportion of samples positive for TNF-alpha and TNF-R2 was higher in epithelial ovarian cancer patients than in benign ovarian diseases (p<0.

[Effects of simvastatin only or in combination with continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic women].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of simvastatin only or combined with continuous transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the serum lipid profile in hypercholesterolaemic women.

Material And Methods: The study population consisted of 75 women after menopause, ranging in age from 45 to 62. The patients were divided into five groups: group I--women receiving HRT (Systen Sequi, Cilag); group II--HRT + statin (Systen Sequi, Cilag + Zocor, MSD); group III--HRT (Systen Conti, Cilag); group IV--HRT + statin (Systen Conti, Cilag + Zocor, MSD) and group V--statin only (Zocor, MSD).