Coordinated health effects attributable to particulate matter and other pollutants exposures in the North China Plain.

Hebei Province, located in the North China Plain (NCP) and encircling Beijing and Tianjin, has been suffering from severe air pollution. The monthly average fine particulate matter (PM) concentration was up to 276 μg/m in Hebei Province, which adversely affects human health. However, few studies evaluated the coordinated health impact of exposure to PM (PM and PM) and other key air pollutants (SO, NO, CO, and surface ozone (O)).