Bioherbicidal Activity of (Formerly ) on Glyphosate-Resistant .

The effects of the bioherbicidal activity of the fungal phytopathogen, (AV), formerly , on glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible (horseweed) were examined in greenhouse and field studies. Spray applications of mycelial formulations of AV infected both glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible plants at various growth stages. Young plants in the rosette leaf stage of growth were controlled more efficaciously than were older plants that had bolted or that were in the inflorescence stage; nevertheless, severe injury and mortality also occurred in mature plants.

Whole-Genome Sequence and Draft Assembly of the Biocontrol Fungal Pathogen Albifimbria verrucaria CABI-IMI 368023.

We report here the whole-genome sequence and draft assembly for a bioherbicidal strain of Albifimbria verrucaria, CABI-IMI 368023, which was formerly identified as . This isolate has been well studied for the biological control of important weeds, including kudzu and giant salvinia.

Effects of the Fungal Bioherbicide, on Peroxidase, Pectinolytic and Proteolytic Activities in Sicklepod Seedlings.

Certain plant pathogens have demonstrated potential for use as bioherbicides for weed control, and numerous studies have been published on this subject for several decades. One of the early examples of an important fungal bioherbicide is , isolated from the weed sicklepod (). To gain further insight into biochemical interactions of this fungus and its host weed, we examined the effects of this bioherbicide on various enzymes associated with plant defense.

Taxonomic Evaluation of a Bioherbicidal Isolate of , Formerly .

The fungal genus was once polyphyletic but a recent reconsideration of the family spilt it into several genera. The ex-neotype specimen of the species is now recognized as . The well-studied plant pathogen and candidate bioherbicide CABI-IMI 368023, previously identified as , was analyzed morphologically and genetically and found to be most consistently aligned with the other representatives of .

Bioherbicidal activity from washed spores of Myrothecium verrucaria.

The fungal plant pathogen, Myrothecium verrucaria, is highly virulent to several important weed species and has potential utility as a bioherbicide. However the production of macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins by this fungus presents significant safety concerns. It was discovered that trichothecenes are removed from M.

Immunohistochemical investigation of the necrotrophic phase of the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in the biocontrol of hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata; Papilionaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Fungal plant pathogens exert much of their effect on plant cells through alterations in the host cell walls. However, obtaining biochemical proof for this change is difficult because of the relatively small number of cells that are affected by the pathogen relative to the bulk of host tissue. In this study, we examined the differences in host wall composition between infected and uninfected areas of seedlings of the weed hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) that were treated with the biocontrol agent Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Biological control of weeds: research by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service: selected case studies.

Research by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) on biological control of weeds has been practiced for many years because of its inherent ecological and economic advantages. Today, it is further driven by ARS adherence to Presidential Executive Order 13112 (3 February 1999) on invasive species and to USDA-ARS policy toward developing technology in support of sustainable agriculture with reduced dependence on non-renewable petrochemical resources. This paper reports examples or case studies selected to demonstrate the traditional or classical approach for biological control programs using Old World arthropods against Tamarix spp, Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav) ST Blake and Galium spurium L/G aparine L, and the augmentative approach with a native plant pathogen against Pueraria lobata Ohwi = P montana.

Phytotoxicity and mammalian cytotoxicity of macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins from Myrothecium verrucaria.

Macrocyclic trichothecene toxins produced by Myrothecium verrucaria (a phytopathogen of interest in biological weed control) and the non-trichothecene toxin atranone B from Stachybotiys atra were tested for phytotoxicity in duckweed (Lemna pausicostata L.) plantlet cultures and kudzu (Pueraria lobata L.) leaf disc assays, and for mammalian cytotoxicity in four cultured cell lines.

Macrocyclic trichothecenes are undetectable in kudzu (Pueraria montana) plants treated with a high-producing isolate of Myrothecium verrucaria.

Myrothecium verrucaria was found to be an effective pathogen against kudzu grown in the greenhouse and the field. M. verrucaria produced large amounts of macrocyclic trichothecenes when cultured on solid rice medium, including epiroridin E (16.