A Quality Improvement Project on Team-Based Care for Depression Screening Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Specialty Clinic.

Background: Depression screening is an important first step to identifying patients who might benefit from depression treatment. Merit-based incentive payment system (MIPS) quality measures can yield financial benefits or losses for healthcare systems, including depression screening.

Objectives: This study aims to (1) develop a team-based care workflow to improve MIPS depression screening in a specialty clinic and (2) modify the workflow to include a virtual nursing and behavioral health resource after the COVID-19 pandemic hit.

Feasibility of At-Home Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Training in Virtual Reality: Case Study.

This single-participant case study examines the feasibility of using custom virtual reality (VR) gaming software in the home environment for low-dose Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Training (HABIT). A 10-year-old with right unilateral cerebral palsy participated in this trial. Fine and gross motor skills as well as personal goals for motor outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention using the Box and Blocks Test, Nine-Hole Peg Test, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.

Artificial Intelligence-Based PTEN Loss Assessment as an Early Predictor of Prostate Cancer Metastasis After Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss is associated with adverse outcomes in prostate cancer and can be measured via immunohistochemistry. The purpose of the study was to establish the clinical application of an in-house developed artificial intelligence (AI) image analysis workflow for automated detection of PTEN loss on digital images for identifying patients at risk of early recurrence and metastasis. Postsurgical tissue microarray sections from the Canary Foundation (n = 1264) stained with anti-PTEN antibody were evaluated independently by pathologist conventional visual scoring (cPTEN) and an automated AI-based image analysis pipeline (AI-PTEN).

Lean Implementation for Graduating Optimally Controlled Stable Type 2 Diabetics from Endocrine Specialty Clinic Back to Primary Care.

Introduction: Endocrine specialty clinics (SCs) are occupied by a high percentage of stable follow-up patients, limiting access to new patients with greater needs.

Aim: Feasibility project to improve access to diabetes SC by reducing the number of stable optimally controlled follow-up type 2 diabetic patients.

Setting: M Health Fairview (MHFV), a hybrid network of University of Minnesota academic and Fairview Health community hospitals and clinics with affiliated providers.

Germline mutations in penetrant cancer predisposition genes are rare in men with prostate cancer selecting active surveillance.

Background: Pathogenic germline mutations in several rare penetrant cancer predisposition genes are associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer (PC). Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of pathogenic germline mutations in men with low-risk PC on active surveillance, and assess whether pathogenic germline mutations associate with grade reclassification or adverse pathology, recurrence, or metastases, in men treated after initial surveillance.

Methods: Men prospectively enrolled in the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS) were retrospectively sampled for the study.

Digestive perforations related to endoscopy procedures: a local management charter based on local evidence and experts' opinion.

Perforations are a known adverse event of endoscopy procedures; a proposal for appropriate management should be available in each center as recommended by the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. The objective of this study was to establish a charter for the management of endoscopic perforations, based on local evidence. Patients were included if they experienced partial or complete perforation during an endoscopic procedure between 2008 and 2018 (retrospectively until 2016, then prospectively).

Intensive care-related loss of quality of life and autonomy at 6 months post-discharge: Does COVID-19 really make things worse?

Objective: To compare old patients hospitalized in ICU for respiratory distress due to COVID-19 with old patients hospitalized in ICU for a non-COVID-19-related reason in terms of autonomy and quality of life.

Design: Comparison of two prospective multi-centric studies.

Setting: This study was based on two prospective multi-centric studies, the Senior-COVID-Rea cohort (COVID-19-diagnosed ICU-admitted patients aged over 60) and the FRAGIREA cohort (ICU-admitted patients aged over 70).

Analysis of separate training and validation radical prostatectomy cohorts identifies 0.25 mm diameter as an optimal definition for "large" cribriform prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Cribriform growth pattern is well-established as an adverse pathologic feature in prostate cancer. The literature suggests "large" cribriform glands associate with aggressive behavior; however, published studies use varying definitions for "large". We aimed to identify an outcome-based quantitative cut-off for "large" vs "small" cribriform glands.

Association between out-of-bed mobilization during the ICU stay of elderly patients and long-term autonomy: A cohort study.

Purpose: Our objective was to estimate the impact of the absence of Out-of-Bed (OoB) mobilization during intensive care unit (ICU) stay among patients ≥70 years on their long-term autonomy.

Methods: We conducted an ancillary study of the multicenter FRAGIREA study, including patients aged over 70 years, admitted to ICU for more than 48 h. We excluded the patients who died before day 180, who were lost to follow-up, and for whom the baseline autonomy (ADL) score was not available.

Anaerobic Microbiota Derived from the Upper Airways Impact Staphylococcus aureus Physiology.

Staphylococcus aureus is associated with the development of persistent and severe inflammatory diseases of the upper airways. Yet, S. aureus is also carried asymptomatically in the sinonasal cavity of ∼50% of healthy adults.

Diversity of cystic fibrosis chronic rhinosinusitis microbiota correlates with different pathogen dominance.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects nearly all individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and is thought to serve as a reservoir for microbiota that subsequently colonize the lung. To better understand the microbial ecology of CRS, we generated a 16S rRNA gene sequencing profile of sinus mucus from CF-CRS patients. We show that CF-CRS sinuses harbor bacterial diversity not entirely captured by clinical culture.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis: a guide and case study.

Vasculitis is a relatively rare and poorly understood condition causing inflammation of the blood vessels, which in turn can affect a patient's respiratory and renal systems. In some cases, ocular involvement can cause loss of sight and hearing loss may also be a red flag for vasculitis, which, if not treated early, can cause complete hearing loss. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group comprising granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis (EGP).

The neuropeptide substance P regulates aldosterone secretion in human adrenals.

Aldosterone, produced by the adrenals and under the control of plasma angiotensin and potassium levels, regulates hydromineral homeostasis and blood pressure. Here we report that the neuropeptide substance P (SP) released by intraadrenal nerve fibres, stimulates aldosterone secretion via binding to neurokinin type 1 receptors (NK1R) expressed by aldosterone-producing adrenocortical cells. The action of SP is mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway and involves upregulation of steroidogenic enzymes.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of High Grade Cancer in the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study.

Purpose: We investigated the ability of prostate magnetic resonance imaging to detect Gleason Grade Group 2 or greater cancer in a standardized, multi-institutional active surveillance cohort.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated men enrolled in Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study with Gleason Grade Group less than 2 and who underwent biopsy within 12 months of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Our primary outcome was biopsy reclassification to Gleason Grade Group 2 or greater.

17-Gene Genomic Prostate Score Test Results in the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study (PASS) Cohort.

Purpose: The 17-gene Onco DX Genomic Prostate Score (GPS) test predicts adverse pathology (AP) in patients with low-risk prostate cancer treated with immediate surgery. We evaluated the GPS test as a predictor of outcomes in a multicenter active surveillance cohort.

Materials And Methods: Diagnostic biopsy tissue was obtained from men enrolled at 8 sites in the Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study.

Risk factors for neo-osteogenesis in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: The purpose of this retrospective review was to determine how patient-related factors and culture data affect neo-osteogenesis in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) with CRS.

Methods: Information from a database associated with a large tertiary medical center was used to assess adult patients with CF CRS and non-CF CRS (total, n = 102; CF CRS, n = 31; non-CF CRS, n = 71). Radiologic evidence of neo-osteogenesis was measured using the Global Osteitis Scoring Scale (GOSS), and mucosal disease was assessed using the Lund-Mackay score (LMS) by 2 independent reviewers who were blinded to the patient's disease state.

In Situ pH Measurements of Individual Levitated Microdroplets Using Aerosol Optical Tweezers.

The pH of microscale reaction environments controls numerous physicochemical processes, requiring a real-time pH microprobe. We present highly accurate real-time pH measurements of microdroplets using aerosol optical tweezers (AOT) and analysis of the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) contained in the cavity-enhanced Raman spectra. Uncertainties ranging from ±0.

Increasing Isoprene Epoxydiol-to-Inorganic Sulfate Aerosol Ratio Results in Extensive Conversion of Inorganic Sulfate to Organosulfur Forms: Implications for Aerosol Physicochemical Properties.

Acid-driven multiphase chemistry of isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX), key isoprene oxidation products, with inorganic sulfate aerosol yields substantial amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) through the formation of organosulfur compounds. The extent and implications of inorganic-to-organic sulfate conversion, however, are unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that extensive consumption of inorganic sulfate occurs, which increases with the IEPOX-to-inorganic sulfate concentration ratio (IEPOX/Sulf), as determined by laboratory measurements.

Surface Tensions of Picoliter Droplets with Sub-Millisecond Surface Age.

Aerosols are key components of the atmosphere and play important roles in many industrial processes. Because aerosol particles have high surface-to-volume ratios, their surface properties are especially important. However, direct measurement of the surface properties of aerosol particles is challenging.

Generating genomic platforms to study Candida albicans pathogenesis.

The advent of the genomic era has made elucidating gene function on a large scale a pressing challenge. ORFeome collections, whereby almost all ORFs of a given species are cloned and can be subsequently leveraged in multiple functional genomic approaches, represent valuable resources toward this endeavor. Here we provide novel, genome-scale tools for the study of Candida albicans, a commensal yeast that is also responsible for frequent superficial and disseminated infections in humans.

Pulmonary aspiration of sinus secretions in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Indirect evidence suggests that sinonasal secretions are aspirated into the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), contributing to infection, subsequent tissue damage, and decreased lung function. Our objective is to determine whether sinonasal secretions are transferred to the lungs in patients with CF-related sinus disease and healthy subjects, particularly in the recumbent position and during sleep.

Methods: We performed a prospective, controlled trial to detect pulmonary aspiration of radiolabeled albumin applied to the nasal mucosa of study subjects with chronic sinusitis related to CF and control subjects without sinus disease.

Dysregulation of Aldosterone Secretion in Mast Cell-Deficient Mice.

Resident adrenal mast cells have been shown to activate aldosterone secretion in rat and man. Especially, mast cell proliferation has been observed in adrenal tissues from patients with aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma. In the present study, we show that the activity of adrenal mast cells is stimulated by low-sodium diet and correlates with aldosterone synthesis in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice.

Under Which Conditions Can Older Participants Maintain Information In Working Memory?

Unlabelled: Background/Study Context: Age-related deficits in working memory (WM) are commonly described in the literature. However, age-related deficits in WM maintenance mechanisms have received less attention. Based on recent models of WM, the present study aims at determining the conditions under which older adults are able to maintain information.