Artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities in the detection of acute scaphoid fracture: a critical review.

This paper discusses the current literature surrounding the potential use of artificial intelligence and machine learning models in the diagnosis of acute obvious and occult scaphoid fractures. Current studies have notable methodological flaws and are at high risk of bias, precluding meaningful comparisons with clinician performance (the current reference standard). Specific areas should be addressed in future studies to help advance the meaningful and clinical use of artificial intelligence for radiograph interpretation.

American Society for Microbiology evidence-based laboratory medicine practice guidelines to reduce blood culture contamination rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

SUMMARYBlood cultures (BCs) are one of the critical tests used to detect bloodstream infections. BC results are not 100% specific. Interpretation of BC results is often complicated by detecting microbial contamination rather than true infection.

The Role of Technology in Online Health Communities: A Study of Information-Seeking Behavior.

This study significantly contributes to both theory and practice by providing valuable insights into the role and value of healthcare in the context of online health communities. This study highlights the increasing dependence of patients and their families on online sources for health information and the potential of technology to support individuals with health information needs. This study develops a theoretical framework by analyzing data from a cross-sectional survey using partial least squares structural equation modeling and multi-group and importance-performance map analysis.

Defining Intensivists: A Retrospective Analysis of the Published Studies in the United States, 2010-2020.

Objectives: The Society of Critical Care Medicine last published an intensivist definition in 1992. Subsequently, there have been many publications relating to intensivists. Our purpose is to assess how contemporary studies define intensivist physicians.

Can virtual reality enhance the patient experience during awake invasive procedures? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Procedural anxiety and pain negatively affect surgical outcomes and the patient experience during awake, invasive procedures (AIPs). This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of using virtual reality (VR) to enhance the intraprocedural patient experience during AIPs. PRISMA, Cochrane, and SWiM Reporting Items guidelines were followed.

Dietary Patterns of Children from the Amazon Region of Ecuador: A Descriptive, Qualitative Investigation.

Many young children in Ecuador suffer from high rates of malnutrition and stunting that affect their long-term growth and development. Little is known about the dietary patterns of children from the Amazon region who experience some of the highest rates of stunting (height-for-age) within Ecuador. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 mothers of young children living in the Ecuadorian Amazon.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychosocial interventions for immigrant and limited English proficient cancer patients.

Objective: Immigrants, particularly those who are less acculturated and limited English proficient (LEP), often lack access to culturally and linguistically appropriate psychosocial care in cancer survivorship. We sought to determine what psychosocial interventions are available for immigrant and/or LEP cancer patients and to assess treatment and patient factors that may correlate with better psychosocial outcomes for this population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published through August 2022 of interventions conducted with immigrant and/or LEP cancer patients aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes (i.

Intra- and interobserver variability of novel magnetic resonance imaging parameters for hip screening and treatment outcomes at age 5 years.

Background: The outcome measure of neonatal hip screening is usually the radiographic acetabular index.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sedation and compare the utility of outcome parameters measured from MRI images.

Materials And Methods: The invitation for MRI scanning at 5 years of age was incorporated into follow-up for babies who had more than one ultrasound examination during treatment or surveillance.

An updated systematic review of esthetic grading tools in postmastectomy breast reconstruction.

Background And Objectives: We ascertained whether a validated esthetic grading tool for breast reconstruction had been developed and widely adopted since the last published systematic review on the topic from 2015.

Methods: We performed a systematic review identifying all studies using a grading tool to assess breast reconstruction, using search terms associated with all types of breast surgery and outcomes research. Articles were assessed for patient number, validated scale use, assessor type and training, assessor blinding, assessment method, scoring system type, type and timing of reconstruction, and usage of corroborating scales.

Assessing journal author guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: findings from an institutional sample.

Objectives: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) are designed to be rigorous research methodologies that synthesize information and inform practice. An increase in their publication runs parallel to quality concerns and a movement toward standards to improve reporting and methodology. With the goal of informing the guidance librarians provide to SR/MA teams, this study assesses online journal author guidelines from an institutional sample to determine whether these author guidelines address SR/MA methodological quality.

Skin cancer risk among testicular germ-cell cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCT) are the most common cancer among young adult men. Previous studies suggested TGCT survivors have an increased risk for skin cancer. The goal of this study was to systematically review the literature and evidence regarding skin cancer risk among TGCT survivors compared with the general population.

Minority Stress, Coping, and Transgender Youth in Schools-Results from the Resilience and Transgender Youth Study.

Background: Transgender youth report high rates of negative experiences in schools. Using a lens of minority stress, this study sought to examine in-school experiences of transgender youth to understand youth coping and to identify key opportunities for improving school environments for transgender youth.

Methods: Participants included 41 youth across 33 in-depth interviews (M  = 21.

Exploring the factors in information seeking behavior: a perspective from multinational COPD online forums.

This research establishes a theoretical framework for evaluating antecedents of the information seeking behaviors of online forum participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the proposed framework using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) after gathering data using a cross-sectional survey. We subsequently assessed the framework using importance-performance map analysis (IPMA).

Reporting Treatment Fidelity in Behavioral Tobacco Treatment Clinical Trials: Scoping Review and Measurement Recommendations.

Introduction: Adoption of rigorous standards for reporting treatment fidelity is essential for advancing discovery, validation, and implementation of behavioral treatments. Whereas the NIH Behavior Change Consortium (BCC) developed an assessment tool to assess the quality of reporting and monitoring of treatment fidelity across health behavior change interventions, it has not yet been applied specifically to treatment fidelity in behavioral tobacco treatment trials.

Aims And Methods: We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed, clinical trials of behavioral adult tobacco treatment interventions published in English between 2006 and 2018.

Communicating the risk of contracting Zika virus to low income underserved pregnant Latinas: A clinic-based study.

Objective: Frequent travel between the Southern border states in the USA, Mexico, and Latin American countries increases the risk of the Zika virus (ZIKV) spread. Patient education on virus transmission is fundamental in decreasing the number of imported cases, particularly among pregnant women.

Methods: The study used cross-sectional methodology to investigate information sources and knowledge concerning the ZIKV virus among 300 under-served pregnant Latinas recruited from prenatal care clinics in the North Texas region.

"We Deserve Care and we Deserve Competent Care": Qualitative Perspectives on Health Care from Transgender Youth in the Southeast United States.

Purpose: Transgender populations experience health inequities that underscore the importance of ensuring access to high quality care. We thematically summarize the health care experiences of transgender youth living in the southeast United States to identify potential barriers and facilitators to health care.

Design And Methods: Transgender youth recruited from community settings in an urban area of the southeast United States participated in individual interviews (n = 33) and focus groups (n = 9) about protective factors.

Perspectives of Transgender Youth on Parental Support: Qualitative Findings From the Resilience and Transgender Youth Study.

Transgender youth are more likely than cisgender youth to report health risks related to violence victimization, substance use, mental health, and sexual health. Parental support may help foster resilience and better health outcomes among this population. However, limited research has characterized parental support among transgender youth.

The early response of plastic and reconstructive surgery services to the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

The World Health Organisation characterised the spread of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) as a pandemic in March 2020, signalling medical governance and professional organisations worldwide to make urgent changes in their service. We have performed a systematic review of the literature to identify all published literature on plastic surgery and COVID-19, in an effort to summarise the evidence for future reference. Our search identified 1207 articles from electronic databases and 17 from manual search, out of which 20 were included in the final data synthesis.

Early Responses of Neurosurgical Practice to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Rapid Review.

Background: The novel coronavirus and subsequent pandemic have drastically transfigured health care delivery. Surgical specialties have seen severe alterations or reductions to practice, with neurosurgery being one example in which staff and resource reallocation has occurred to meet wider public health needs. This review summarizes the published evidence detailing early experiences and changes to neurosurgical practice in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.