Advancing digital health in China: Aligning challenges, opportunities, and solutions with the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH).

We summarized the unique challenges that China faced in digital health due to its large population, regional disparities, and uneven distribution of medical resources. Under the guidance of the Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH) released by WHO, we proposed corresponding solutions that address infrastructure, data, terminology, technology and security.

Development of a carboxymethyl chitosan functionalized slide for small molecule detection using oblique-incidence reflectivity difference technology.

Label-free optical biosensors have become powerful tools in the study of biomolecular interactions without the need for labels. High throughput and low detection limit are desirable for rapid and accurate biomolecule detection. The oblique-incidence reflectivity difference (OI-RD) technique is capable of detecting thousands of biomolecular interactions in a high-throughput mode, specifically for biomolecules larger than 1000 Da.

On a new species of freshwater crab from southern China (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae).

A new species of potamid freshwater crab of the genus Indochinamon Yeo & Ng, 2007, is described from a recent collection in Yunnan Province, China. Indochinamon frontatum sp. nov.

A taxonomic revision of the freshwater crab genus Dai & Bo, 1994 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae), with descriptions of a new genus and two new species.

The taxonomy of the potamid crab genus Dai & Bo, 1994, with two species native to Yunnan province of southwest China, is revised based on morphological and molecular data. In order to stabilise the taxonomy of these species (and the genus), two separate genera are hereby designated: and While is restricted to Dai & Bo, 1994, as a monotypic genus, Naruse, Chia & Zhou, 2018, is transferred to a new genus, In addition, two new species of are described herein: and morphologically most resembles and Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994, but can be distinguished by the combination of characters in the carapace, third maxilliped, thoracic sternites, and male first gonopod. The genetic data derived from the mitochondrial 16S rDNA also supports the monophyly of these new taxa.

Diversification of freshwater crabs on the sky islands in the Hengduan Mountains Region, China.

The numerous naturally-fragmented sky islands (SIs) in the Hengduan Mountains Region (HMR) of southwestern China constitute discontinuous landscapes where montane habitats are isolated by dry-hot valleys which have fostered exceptional species diversification and endemicity. However, studies documenting the crucial role of SI on the speciation dynamics of native freshwater organisms are scarce. Here we used a novel set of comprehensive genetic markers (24 nuclear DNA sequences and complete mitogenomes), morphological characters, and biogeographical information to reveal the evolutionary history and speciation mechanisms of a group of small-bodied montane potamids in the genus Tenuipotamon.

Description of a New Species of (Gastropoda: Semisulcospiridae) from Guizhou, China, Based on Morphology and Molecular Evidence.

A new species of , sp. nov., is described from Guizhou Province, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence.

Opportunities for centralized regional mode of manure and sewage management in pig farming: The evidence from environmental and economic performance.

Pig breeding is moving toward more intensive development and is accompanied by the integrated generation of pig waste. This has disrupted the synergy between the original manure and sewage management mode and corresponding farmland at the household level. Centralized bio-energy mode is proposed to relieve environmental pressure, increase the resource recovery efficiency and rebuild the breeding and cropping.

Cpeb1b-mediated cytoplasmic polyadenylation of mRNA modulates zebrafish definitive hematopoiesis.

During vertebrate embryogenesis, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) production through endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition requires suitable developmental signals, but how these signals are accurately regulated remains incompletely understood. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation, which is one of the posttranscriptional regulations, plays a crucial role in RNA metabolism. Here, we report that Cpeb1b-mediated cytoplasmic polyadenylation is important for HSPC specification by translational control of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling during zebrafish early development.

RNA Structural Dynamics Modulate EGFR-TKI Resistance Through Controlling YRDC Translation in NSCLC Cells.

Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) positively affect the initial control of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Rapidly acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is a major hurdle in successful treatment. However, the mechanisms that control the resistance of EGFR-TKIs remain largely unknown.

Taxonomic Delineation of the Old World Species Stomphastis thraustica (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Feeding on Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae) that Was Collected in the New World and Imported as a Biocontrol Agent to Australia.

We provide the identification and species delineation of this biocontrol agent as Stomphastis thraustica (Meyrick in Trans Ent Soc Lond 80(1):107-120, 1908) belonging to the family Gracillariidae. We clarify the distribution pattern of S. thraustica, its host plant preferences, and present taxonomic and molecular diagnoses based on original morphological and genetic data as well as data retrieved from historic literature and genetic databases.

Recognition on characteristics and applicability of typical modes for manure & sewage management in pig farming: A case study in Hebei, China.

Scale-up intensive pig farming can increase profitability by economies of large scale, but it also exacerbates environmental pollution caused by the disordered discharge of manure and sewage. Manure & sewage management (MSM) is critical to mitigate environmental pressure and reuse livestock waste. However, the corresponding MSM measures adopted by pig farmers are multitudinous in reality, due to the diversity of MSM methods and heterogeneity of farmers' characteristics and behaviors.

Phase separation of Ddx3xb helicase regulates maternal-to-zygotic transition in zebrafish.

Vertebrate embryogenesis involves a conserved and fundamental process, called the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), which marks the switch from a maternal factors-dominated state to a zygotic factors-driven state. Yet the precise mechanism underlying MZT remains largely unknown. Here we report that the RNA helicase Ddx3xb in zebrafish undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) via its N-terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR), and an increase in ATP content promotes the condensation of Ddx3xb during MZT.

Self-Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications.

The self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable blocks in solution has received increasing attention in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) and polymerization-induced CDSA (PI-CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self-assembly morphologies are captured and advanced applications have been attempted.

Mitogenome phylogeny reveals Indochina Peninsula origin and spatiotemporal diversification of freshwater crabs (Potamidae: Potamiscinae) in China.

The Asian potamid subfamily Potamiscinae is the most species-rich group of primary freshwater crabs in the world, and a large number of these (318 species in 52 genera) are found in China where they exhibit a remarkably high rate of endemism. However, the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of this subfamily is still poorly understood and the hypothesis that the Chinese potamids originated in the Indochina Peninsula has yet to be tested using a modern phylogeographic reconstruction and molecular dating methods. Here we analyze the phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of the Chinese potamiscines based on whole mitogenomes of 72 species of Asian freshwater crabs representing 65% of the potamiscine genera found in China, including new mitogenome sequences for 57 species.

Biology, Ecology and Management of the Invasive Navua Sedge ()-A Global Review.

Navua sedge ( (Ridley) Mattf. & Kukenth) is an invasive perennial sedge, native to tropical Africa, which is threatening many natural ecosystems and agroecosystems, especially in northern Queensland, Australia. Crop and pasture production have been impacted by Navua sedge and it is also directly causing reductions in dairy and beef production in affected regions.

RNA structural dynamics regulate early embryogenesis through controlling transcriptome fate and function.

Background: Vertebrate early embryogenesis is initially directed by a set of maternal RNAs and proteins, yet the mechanisms controlling this program remain largely unknown. Recent transcriptome-wide studies on RNA structure have revealed its pervasive and crucial roles in RNA processing and functions, but whether and how RNA structure regulates the fate of the maternal transcriptome have yet to be determined.

Results: Here we establish the global map of four nucleotide-based mRNA structures by icSHAPE during zebrafish early embryogenesis.

OsNSUN2-Mediated 5-Methylcytosine mRNA Modification Enhances Rice Adaptation to High Temperature.

Extreme weather events can cause heat stress that decreases crop production. Recent studies have demonstrated that protein degradation and rRNA homeostasis as well as transcription factors are involved in the thermoresponse in plants. However, how RNA modifications contribute to temperature stress response in plant remains largely unknown.

Development of ICAR ATRP-Based Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly and Its Application in the Preparation of Organic-Inorganic Nanoparticles.

The functionalization and application of nano-objects generated using a polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) procedure is becoming a focus in recent years. In this contribution, using ethanol as solvent, poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEOMA) as macro-initiator/stabilizer, and 2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl methacrylate (PFHEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as comonomers, the initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ICAR ATRP)-based PISA is realized. The lower GMA content system tends to form spheres with large diameters and heavy contrast, while the lower PFHEMA content system tends to form the spheres or short worms with small diameters.

Rapid divergent coevolution of Sinopotamon freshwater crab genitalia facilitates a burst of species diversification.

One of the most striking radiations in brachyuran evolution is the considerable morphological diversification of the external reproductive structures of primary freshwater crabs: the male first gonopod (G1) and the female vulva (FV). However, the lack of quantitative studies, especially the lack of data on female genitalia, has seriously limited our understanding of genital evolution in these lineages. Here we examined 69 species of the large Chinese potamid freshwater crab genus Sinopotamon Bott, 1967 (more than 80% of the described species).

Dynamic methylome of internal mRNA N-methylguanosine and its regulatory role in translation.

Over 150 types of RNA modifications are identified in RNA molecules. Transcriptome profiling is one of the key steps in decoding the epitranscriptomic panorama of these chemical modifications and their potential functions. N-methylguanosine (mG) is one of the most abundant modifications present in tRNA, rRNA and mRNA 5'cap, and has critical roles in regulating RNA processing, metabolism and function.

Nr5a1b promotes and Nr5a2 inhibits transcription of lhb in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides†.

Nr5a1 (Sf-1) up-regulates lhb expression across vertebrates; however, its regulatory roles on fshb remain to be defined. Moreover, the involvement of Nr5a2 in the regulation of gonadotropin expression is not clear either. In the present study, the involvement of Nr5a1b (a homologue of Nr5a1) and Nr5a2 in the regulation of lhb and fshb expression in the orange-spotted grouper was examined.

Isotocin Regulates Growth Hormone but Not Prolactin Release From the Pituitary of Ricefield Eels.

The neurohypophyseal hormone oxytocin (Oxt) has been shown to stimulate prolactin (Prl) synthesis and release from the adenohypophysis in rats. However, little is known about the functional roles of Oxt-like neuropeptides in the adenohypophysis of non-mammalian vertebrates. In this study, cDNAs encoding ricefield eel oxytocin-like receptors (Oxtlr), namely isotocin (Ist) receptor 1 (Istr1) and 2 (Istr2), were isolated and specific antisera were generated, respectively.

A homologue of Nr5a1 activates cyp19a1a transcription additively with Nr5a2 in ovarian follicular cells of the orange-spotted grouper.

Transcription factors of nuclear receptor 5A (Nr5a) subfamily play pivotal roles in regulation of steroidogenic enzymes in vertebrates including teleosts. In the orange-spotted grouper, the expression of Nr5a1a was only detectable in the ovary, spleen, and head kidney in the female. The immunoreactive Nr5a1a was present in ovarian follicular and germ cells.

Foxo3b but not Foxo3a activates cyp19a1a in Epinephelus coioides.

FOXO3 has been shown to be a critical transcription factor for folliculogenesis in mammals, while the information on its roles in reproduction of nonmammalian vertebrates remains scarce. In this study, two foxo3 homologs, namely foxo3a and foxo3b, were identified in a teleost, the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides. foxo3a was mainly expressed in the central nervous system, ovary, and gut whereas foxo3b was expressed ubiquitously in tissues examined.