Identification and resolution of drug-related problems in the cardiovascular surgery unit of a tertiary hospital in China: a retrospective study.

Objective: The prevalence and characteristics of drug-related problems (DRPs) in the cardiovascular surgery unit have not been adequately explored, leaving a gap in our understanding of this critical issue. This study aimed to address this gap by determining the prevalence, characteristics of DRPs and identifying factors associated with their occurrence.

Methods: During a non-consecutive 48-month study period, a retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate DRPs and the interventions carried out by pharmacists for patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

To establish a model for the prediction of initial standard and maintenance doses of warfarin for the Han Chinese population based on gene polymorphism: a multicenter study.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the correlation between demographic and clinical factors and warfarin dose of patients in Chinese Han population taking warfarin and study gene polymorphisms impact of related gene loci (CYP2C9*3, VKORC1-1639G > A) on warfarin doses, to establish a model to predict initial standard dose and maintenance dose based on CYP2C9*3, VKORC1-1639G > A genotype.

Methods: The study collects the data of patients in our hospital and other subcenters which incorporates 2160 patients to establish the initial dose model and 1698 patients for the stable dose model, and sequences 26 multigene sites in 451 patients. Based on the patient's dosage, clinical data, and demographic characteristics, the genetic and non-genetic effects on the initial dose and stable dose of warfarin are calculated by using statistical methods, and the prediction model of initial standard dose and maintenance dose can be established via multiple linear regression.

The inhibition of hepatic Pxr-Oatp2 pathway mediating decreased hepatic uptake of rosuvastatin in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity.

Purpose: Obesity affecting drug pharmacokinetics results in the risk of the therapeutic failure or toxic side effects of drugs increasing. Unfortunately, the pharmacokinetic data in obese patients still lack for majority of drugs. Therefore, our study principally investigated the effect of obesity induced by high fat-diet (HFD) on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin and explored the underlying mechanism via the hepatic pregnane X receptor (Pxr)- organic anion transporting polypeptide 2 (Oatp2) signaling pathway and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) in rats.

Comparison of different bridging anticoagulation therapies used after mechanical heart valve replacement in Chinese patients - a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess different bridging anticoagulation therapies early after mechanical heart valve replacement (MHVR) in Chinese patients.

Methods: We performed a prospective, single-center, observational cohort study of 305 patients who underwent elective MHVR with different bridging anticoagulation regimens. Patients enrolled in the study were divided into three bridging therapy groups: the unfractionated heparin (UFH) group (n = 109), the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) group (n = 97), and the UFH with sequential LMWH (UFH-LMWH) group (n = 99).

Impact of genetic and clinical factors on warfarin therapy in patients early after heart valve replacement surgery.

Purpose: Factors influencing responsiveness to warfarin at treatment onset time were not well identified in Chinese patients undergoing heart valve replacement. We sought to select the most relevant factors that associated with patient response to warfarin early after heart valve surgery.

Methods: In this observational study, 289 patients starting warfarin therapy early after heart valve replacement surgery were enrolled.

The alterations of bile acids in rats with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes and their negative effects on glucose metabolism.

Purpose: Bile acids (BAs) as a kind of endogenous and signaling molecules altered under the circumstance of T2DM, which could impact on the relevant pathways to further affect the glucose metabolism and insulin secretion and might be associated with the T2DM development and restoration. However, the potential mechanisms still need more various and multifaceted studies. Here, we explored the alterations of BAs features and their mechanisms, and discussed the potential effects of the altered BAs on the glucose metabolic disorder via the relevant signaling pathways.

The ileum-liver Farnesoid X Receptor signaling axis mediates the compensatory mechanism of 17α-ethynylestradiol-induced cholestasis via increasing hepatic biosynthesis of chenodeoxycholic acids in rats.

Background And Purpose: Estrogen-induced intrahepatic cholestasis is one of the most common pathogenic factors for liver diseases in clinic. It is, however, regrettable that effective medical therapies to ameliorate or reverse this cholestasis are limited. Fortunately, the novel insights now allow us to target crucial transporters, enzymes and their regulatory pathways therapeutically by restoring disrupted bile acids (BAs) transport and signaling thus ameliorating cholestasis.

An integrated simultaneous distillation-extraction apparatus for the extraction of essential oils from herb materials and its application in Flos Magnoliae.

A large number of herb materials contain essential oils with extensive bioactivities. In this work, an integrated simultaneous distillation-extraction (ISDE) apparatus was developed. To demonstrate its feasibility, the performance of ISDE was evaluated for the extraction of essential oil from Flos Magnoliae and compared with conventional techniques including steam distillation (SD) and simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE).

[Effects of Yuquan pills on pharmacokinetics of metformin hydrochloride in diabetic rats].

Objective: To study effects of Yuquan pills on the pharmacokinetics process of metformin hydrochloride in diabetic rats.

Method: After administration Yuquan pills 7 day to the diabetic rats, the metformin hydrochloride was orally administrated, then the blood samples were collected at different time. The concentrations of metformin hydrochloride in plasma were determined by HPLC method and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.