Electro-Driven Multi-Enzymatic Cascade Conversion of CO to Ethylene Glycol in Nano-Reactor.

Multi-enzymatic cascade reaction provides a new avenue for C─C coupling directly from CO under mild conditions. In this study, a new pathway with four enzymes including formate dehydrogenase (PaFDH), formaldehyde dehydrogenase (BmFADH), glycolaldehyde synthase (PpGALS), and alcohol dehydrogenase (GoADH) is developed for directly converting CO gas molecules to ethylene glycol (EG) in vitro. A rhodium-based NADH regeneration electrode is constructed to continuously provide the proton and electron of this multi-enzymatic cascade reaction.

Bioelectrocatalysis for CO reduction: recent advances and challenges to develop a sustainable system for CO utilization.

Activation and turning CO into value added products is a promising orientation to address environmental issues caused by CO emission. Currently, electrocatalysis has a potent well-established role for CO reduction with fast electron transfer rate; but it is challenged by the poor selectivity and low faradic efficiency. On the other side, biocatalysis, including enzymes and microbes, has been also employed for CO conversion to target C products with remarkably high selectivity; however, low solubility of CO in the liquid reaction phase seriously affects the catalytic efficiency.

Integrated analysis reveals the dysfunction of signaling pathways in uveal melanoma.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy with a strong tendency to metastasize. The prognosis is poor once metastasis occurs. The treatment remains challenging for metastatic UM, even though our understanding of UM has advanced, mostly because the complexity of the genetic and immunologic background has not been fully explored.