Extreme Heat and Air Quality: Community Leader Perspectives on Information Barriers and Opportunities in Two Environmental Justice Communities.

Extreme heat and air pollution exposure are leading causes of adverse cardiorespiratory health outcomes. Exposure reduction strategies are often focused at the local level. This study examined critical challenges community leaders face in understanding and sharing environmental exposure and health information.

Humoral immunity trends in a hemodialysis cohort following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster: A cohort study.

Background And Aims: Patients with end stage kidney disease on hemodialysis are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Current guidelines recommend boosters of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines. The long-term humoral response of hemodialysis patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 after receiving a booster of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines has been incompletely characterized.

South Africa's male homicide epidemic hiding in plain sight: Exploring sex differences and patterns in homicide risk in a retrospective descriptive study of postmortem investigations.

South Africa has an overall homicide rate six times the global average. Males are predominantly the victims and perpetrators, but little is known about the male victims. For the country's first ever study on male homicide we compared 2017 male and female victim profiles for selected covariates, against global average and previous estimates for 2009.

SETD2 maintains nuclear lamina stability to safeguard the genome.

Histone methyltransferases play essential roles in the organization and function of chromatin. They are also frequently mutated in human diseases including cancer. One such often mutated methyltransferase, SETD2, associates co-transcriptionally with RNA polymerase II and catalyzes histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) - a modification that contributes to gene transcription, splicing, and DNA repair.

Small molecule screen identifies pyrimethamine as an inhibitor of NRF2-driven esophageal hyperplasia.

Objective: NRF2 is a master transcription factor that regulates the stress response. NRF2 is frequently mutated and activated in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which drives resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Therefore, a great need exists for NRF2 inhibitors for targeted therapy of NRF2 ESCC.

Atypical initial cleavage patterns minimally impact rhesus macaque in vitro embryo morphokinetics and embryo outgrowth development†.

Embryo morphokinetic analysis through time-lapse embryo imaging is envisioned as a method to improve selection of developmentally competent embryos. Morphokinetic analysis could be utilized to evaluate the effects of experimental manipulation on pre-implantation embryo development. The objectives of this study were to establish a normative morphokinetic database for in vitro fertilized rhesus macaque embryos and to assess the impact of atypical initial cleavage patterns on subsequent embryo development and formation of embryo outgrowths.

The Experience of Black Patients With Serious Illness in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Context: Black patients experience health disparities in access and quality of care.

Objective: To identify and characterize the literature on the experiences of Black patients with serious illness across multiple domains - physical, spiritual, emotional, cultural, and healthcare utilization.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of US literature from the last ten years using the PRISMA-ScR framework.

Relationship among cattle breed and anabolic implant protocol relative to feedlot performance: Growth, temperament, feeding behavior, carcass traits, and economic return.

Recent research has suggested that different cattle breed types may respond differently to anabolic implant protocols of varying intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compare anabolic implant protocols in feedlot steers of 2 different breed types. Sixty steers were stratified by weight and breed in a 2 × 3 factorial design examining 2 different breeds: Angus (AN; n=38) or Santa Gertrudis influenced (SG; n=22), and 3 implant strategies: no implant (CON; n=20), a moderate intensity implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-G, d56 implant: Revalor-IS, d112 implant: Revalor-S; MI; n=20), or a high intensity implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-IS, d56 implant: Revalor-S, d112 implant: Revalor-200; HI; n=20).

The structure of prevacuolar compartments in Neurospora crassa as observed with super-resolution microscopy.

The hyphal tips of Neurospora crassa have prevacuolar compartments (PVCs) of unusual size and shape. They appear to function as late endosomes/multivesicular bodies. PVCs are highly variable in size (1-3 microns) and exhibit rapid changes in structure.

p38 MAPK and MKP-1 control the glycolytic program via the bifunctional glycolysis regulator PFKFB3 during sepsis.

Hyperlactatemia often occurs in critically ill patients during severe sepsis/septic shock and is a powerful predictor of mortality. Lactate is the end product of glycolysis. While hypoxia due to inadequate oxygen delivery may result in anaerobic glycolysis, sepsis also enhances glycolysis under hyperdynamic circulation with adequate oxygen delivery.

Modulation of Retinal Inflammation Delays Degeneration in a Mouse Model of Geographic Atrophy.

The advanced form of AMD, geographic atrophy, is associated with increased RPE oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Here we evaluated the effects of delivering an anti-inflammatory viral gene by an AAV-vector in a mouse model of geographic atrophy. We measured changes in retinal function, structure, and morphology over nine months with electroretinography, optical coherence tomography, and fundoscopy, respectively.

South Africa's male homicide epidemic hiding in plain sight: exploring sex differences and patterns in homicide risk in a retrospective descriptive study of postmortem investigations.

Background: South Africa has homicide rates six times the global average, predominantly among men, but little is known about male victims. As part of the country's first ever study of male homicide we compared 2017 male and female victim profiles for selected covariates, against global averages and previous estimates for 2009.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of routine data collected through postmortem investigations, calculating age-standardised mortality rates for manner of death by age, sex and province and male-to-female incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Perceptions of Palliative Care Program Viability During the Pandemic: Qualitative Results From a National Survey.

Palliative care programs have played a significant role during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the financial impact of the pandemic and operational challenges for palliative care programs have raised concerns for their future viability. To explore palliative care program leaders' perceptions of the future viability of their programs in the context of the pandemic and inform future educational and program development.

Gunshot Wound to the Spine With Delayed Radiculopathy: A Case Report.

Gunshot wounds (GSWs) to any part of the body can leave a trail of insidious complications. When the spinal cord is the injured organ, these sequelae can be debilitating to the patient and often exhaust all known therapeutic approaches available to the providers. The management of pain associated with GSWs to the spine is often a clinical challenge and there is often a question as to whether or not surgical intervention can help with pain relief in these cases.

SRDA: Mobile Sensing based Fluid Overload Detection for End Stage Kidney Disease Patients using Sensor Relation Dual Autoencoder.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threatening and prevalent disease. CKD patients, especially endstage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on hemodialysis, suffer from kidney failures and are unable to remove excessive fluid, causing fluid overload and multiple morbidities including death. Current solutions for fluid overtake monitoring such as ultrasonography and biomarkers assessment are cumbersome, discontinuous, and can only be performed in the clinic.

Targeting Obesity to Optimize Weight Loss in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A PILOT STUDY.

Purpose: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are integral in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, most programs do not incorporate structured, evidence-based obesity treatment, potentially limiting efficacy for the large number of CHD patients with overweight/obesity. This pilot study determined the feasibility of adding a behavioral weight loss intervention during standard CR.

The cost of harmful alcohol use in South Africa: A reply to Murray and Barr (2022).

Letter by Matzopoulos et al. on article by Murray and Barr (Murray M, Barr GDI. The cost of harmful alcohol use in South Africa: A commentary.

Long-term humoral immunity decline in hemodialysis patients following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination: A cohort study.

Background And Aims: Dialysis patients are extremely vulnerable to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with high rates of hospitalization and mortality rates. In January 2021, the University of Virginia Dialysis Program initiated a program-wide vaccination campaign to administer the Pfizer BioNTech messenger RNA SARS-CoV-2 (BNT162b2) vaccine. The aim of this study was to characterize the long-term time-dependent decline in humoral immunity in hemodialysis patients.