Metallo-azapeptides: Controlled Metal Chelation to Peptide Backbone Nitrogen.

We present the first approach to controlled metal chelation of peptide backbones, where the anchoring site is an aza-amino acid nitrogen and the directionality of chelation events is dictated by the acidity of neighboring NHs. Selective backbone chelation precludes the need for metal-binding side chains and/or free - or -termini in peptides. We show that the presence and location of an aza-amino acid impact complex formation and report the first X-ray crystal structures of azapeptides bound to palladium and nickel.

Comparative survival of sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in adults with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The difference in survival between sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) remains controversial.

Objective: To investigate the comparative survival difference between SG and RYGB in adults with morbid obesity.

Setting: A meta-analysis.

Contrasting organic carbon respiration pathways in coastal wetlands undergoing accelerated sea level changes.

Carbon cycling in coastal wetland soil is controlled by a complex interplay between microbial processes and porewater chemistry that are often influenced by various external forcings like wind, river discharge, and sea-level changes, where most of the organic carbon is mineralized to its inorganic form by various aerobic and anaerobic respiration pathways. The export of this inorganic carbon (DIC) from coastal wetlands has long been recognized as a significant component of the global carbon cycle. The major objective of this work is to determine the relative contribution of various respiration pathways to seasonal DIC production in two contrasting marshes (brackish and salt).

Medical consequences of "contingency accommodation" for people seeking asylum: thematic analysis of a survey from professionals working in contingency accommodation.

Background: Concerns about the housing of migrants and asylum seekers have escalated since the COVID-19 pandemic. From the use of quasi-detention facilities and so-called contingency accommodation to outbreaks of diphtheria in processing centres, there is a worrying trend to normalise potentially damaging conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the health risks posed by contingency housing for asylum seekers in the UK.

Telephone assessment of new hernia referrals-is it possible?

Purpose: Utilisation of remote clinics is increasing in healthcare settings worldwide. During the height of the COVID pandemic, our UK-based teaching hospital has trialled telephone assessment for new patients presenting with primary hernias. Selected cases are listed for elective repair of primary hernia direct from telephone clinic assessment.

Ewing's sarcoma of the duodenum: a rare clinical condition managed with surgical resection.

A man in his 40s with no medical history presented with right-sided abdominal and chest pain. A CT scan of the abdomen demonstrated a 7.7 cm heterogeneous mass arising from the second part of the duodenum.

Serious complications of pancreatoduodenectomy correlate with lower rates of adjuvant chemotherapy: Would high-risk patients benefit from neoadjuvant therapy?

Introduction: Patients who suffer a serious complication of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) may have their adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) delayed or omitted as a result. We aimed to investigate whether PD complications affected AC rates.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of all PD patients with histologically-confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2006-2015) was performed; 90-day mortality patients were excluded.

Pancreatoduodenectomy for suspected malignancy: nonmalignant histology confers increased risk of serious morbidity.

Background/aims: A tissue diagnosis is not always obtained prior to pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) and a proportion of patients are found to have noncancerous histology postoperatively. It is unknown if these patients have different outcomes when compared with those who have malignancy confirmed.

Methods: A retrospective paired case matched control study was undertaken.

Delivery of an Incidental Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm.

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are rare and non-invasive tumors of the appendix, and their unexpected discovery during surgery can pose challenges to management. To date, only two cases pertaining to LAMNs without peritoneal spread in pregnancy exist in the literature. Here, we present a literature review of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms and discuss our management and operative approach to a large, incidental appendiceal mucinous neoplasm discovered during an emergency cesarean section of a 38-year-old female.

Extremophiles in Earth's Deep Seas: A View Toward Life in Exo-Oceans.

Humanity's search for extraterrestrial life is a modern manifestation of the exploratory and curious nature that has led us through millennia of scientific discoveries. With the ongoing exploration of extraterrestrial bodies, the potential for discovery of extraterrestrial life has expanded. We may better inform this search through an understanding of how life persists and flourishes on Earth in a myriad of environmental extremes.

Late-Stage -Alkylation of Azapeptides.

Azapeptides undergo on-resin, late-stage -alkylations to install side chains with high chemoselectivity for the hydrazide nitrogen atoms. The major product is the N1-alkylated "azapeptoid", with only small amounts (<10%) of alkylation occurring at the other aza-amino acid nitrogen (N2). Dialkylations are also possible and afford highly functionalized, disubstituted azapeptides with side chains installed on both aza-amino acid nitrogen atoms.

Redefining the Subsurface Biosphere: Characterization of Fungi Isolated From Energy-Limited Marine Deep Subsurface Sediment.

The characterization of metabolically active fungal isolates within the deep marine subsurface will alter current ecosystem models and living biomass estimates that are limited to bacterial and archaeal populations. Although marine fungi have been studied for over fifty years, a detailed description of fungal populations within the deep subsurface is lacking. Fungi possess metabolic pathways capable of utilizing previously considered non-bioavailable energy reserves.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on pancreatic cancer services and treatment pathways: United Kingdom experience.

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presented healthcare providers with an extreme challenge to provide cancer services. The impact upon the diagnostic and treatment capacity to treat pancreatic cancer is unclear. This study aimed to identify national variation in treatment pathways during the pandemic.

Constraints on Lightly Ionizing Particles from CDMSlite.

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) achieved efficient detection of very small recoil energies in its germanium target, resulting in sensitivity to lightly ionizing particles (LIPs) in a previously unexplored region of charge, mass, and velocity parameter space. We report first direct-detection limits calculated using the optimum interval method on the vertical intensity of cosmogenically produced LIPs with an electric charge smaller than e/(3×10^{5}), as well as the strongest limits for charge ≤e/160, with a minimum vertical intensity of 1.36×10^{-7}  cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} at charge e/160.

Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated above Ground.

We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a 10.6 g Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of σ_{E}=3.86±0.

Solid phase submonomer azapeptide synthesis.

Azapeptides contain at least one aza-amino acid, where the α-carbon has been replaced by a nitrogen atom, and have found broad applicability in fields ranging from medicinal chemistry to biomaterials. In this chapter, we provide a step-by-step protocol for the solid phase submonomer synthesis of azapeptides, which includes three steps: (1) hydrazone activation and coupling onto a resin-bound peptide, (2) chemoselective semicarbazone functionalization for installation of the aza-amino acid side chain, and (3) orthogonal deprotection of the semicarbazone to complete the monomer addition cycle. We focus on semicarbazone functionalization by N-alkylation with primary alkyl halides, and describe conditions for coupling onto aza-amino acids.

The epidemiology and outcomes of vascular trauma in Gold Coast, Australia: Institutional experience at a level 1 trauma centre.

Background: Vascular trauma is a complex and evolving area. Unlike internationally, the epidemiology of vascular trauma is not well documented in Australia; the most recent study was published in 2013. Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH) is a level 1 trauma centre in Queensland, Australia.

Environmental and Management Effects on Demographic Processes in the U.S. Threatened (Nutt.) Lindl. (Orchidaceae).

Populations of the U.S. threatened orchid, , are restricted to fragmented grassland and wetland habitats.

The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in patients with suspected pancreatico-biliary malignancy: Results from a specialist Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic unit.

Introduction: There is a paucity of information on micronutrient status in patients with pancreatico-biliary malignancies referred for surgery. Deficiency states could impact recovery from surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of deficiency states in our specialist Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic (HPB) unit.

Spectroscopic and Photophysical Investigation of Model Dipyrroles Common to Bilins: Exploring Natural Design for Steering Torsion to Divergent Functions.

Biliproteins are a unique class of photosynthetic proteins in their diverse, and at times, divergent biophysical function. The two contexts of photosynthetic light harvesting and photoreception demonstrate characteristically opposite criteria for success, with light harvesting demanding structurally-rigid chromophores which minimize excitation quenching, and photoreception requiring structural flexibility to enable conformational isomerization. The functional plasticity borne out in these two biological contexts is a consequence of the structural plasticity of the pigments utilized by biliproteins-linear tetrapyrroles, or bilins.

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Standard Versus a Modified Low-Phosphorus Diet in Hemodialysis Patients.

Introduction: The standard low-phosphorus diet restricts pulses, nuts, and whole grains and other high phosphorus foods to control hyperphosphatemia. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of the modified diet, which introduced some pulses and nuts, increased the use of whole grains, increased focus on the avoidance of phosphate additives, and introduced the prescription of low-biological-value protein such as bread.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, pragmatic, parallel-arm, open-label, randomized controlled trial of modified versus standard diet in 74 adults on hemodialysis with hyperphosphatemia over 1 month.