A Prediction Nomogram for No-Reflow in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: The coronary no-reflow (NR) phenomenon is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). This study aimed to establish a clinical and comprehensive nomogram for predicting NR in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).

Methods: The multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the NR-related factors.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the altered innate immunity in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis.

Myocarditis has emerged as a rare but lethal immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated toxicity. However, the exact mechanism and the specific therapeutic targets remain underexplored. In this study, we aim to characterise the transcriptomic profiles based on single-cell RNA sequencing from ICI-related myocarditis.

Statins aggravate insulin resistance through reduced blood glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in a microbiota-dependent manner.

Statins are currently the most common cholesterol-lowering drug, but the underlying mechanism of statin-induced hyperglycemia is unclear. To investigate whether the gut microbiome and its metabolites contribute to statin-associated glucose intolerance, we recruited 30 patients with atorvastatin and 10 controls, followed up for 16 weeks, and found a decreased abundance of the genus Clostridium in feces and altered serum and fecal bile acid profiles among patients with atorvastatin therapy. Animal experiments validated that statin could induce glucose intolerance, and transplantation of Clostridium sp.

Impaired Detoxification of Trans, Trans-2,4-Decadienal, an Oxidation Product from Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Alters Insulin Signaling, Gluconeogenesis and Promotes Microvascular Disease.

Omega-6 fatty acids are the primary polyunsaturated fatty acids in most Western diets, while their role in diabetes remains controversial. Exposure of omega-6 fatty acids to an oxidative environment results in the generation of a highly reactive carbonyl species known as trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE). The timely and efficient detoxification of this metabolite, which has actions comparable to other reactive carbonyl species, such as 4-hydroxynonenal, acrolein, acetaldehyde, and methylglyoxal, is essential for disease prevention.

Increased circulating uric acid aggravates heart failure via impaired fatty acid metabolism.

Background: Increased circulating uric acid (UA) concentration may disrupt cardiac function in heart failure patients, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Here, we postulate that hyperuremia induces sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), which in turn activate hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis response, leading to cardiac dysfunction.

Methods And Results: Increased circulating uric acid was observed in heart failure patients and inversely correlated to cardiac function.

In-hospital initiation of PCSK9 inhibitor and short-term lipid control in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes when added to conventional statin therapy. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of in-hospital initiation of PCSK9 inhibitors among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) based on real-world experience.

Methods And Results: Data were collected from the Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between January 2016 and December 2020.

Accumulation of acetaldehyde in aldh2.1 zebrafish causes increased retinal angiogenesis and impaired glucose metabolism.

Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are spontaneously formed in the metabolism and modify and impair the function of DNA, proteins and lipids leading to several organ complications. In zebrafish, knockout of the RCS detoxifying enzymes glyoxalase 1 (Glo 1), aldehyde dehydrogenase 3a1 (Aldh3a1) and aldo-ketoreductase 1a1a (Akr1a1a) showed a signature of elevated RCS which specifically regulated glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia and diabetic organ damage. aldh2.

Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Amino Acid Metabolism in Heart Failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome of which the incidence is on the rise worldwide. Cardiometabolic disorders are associated with the deterioration of cardiac function and progression of HF. Recently, there has been renewed interest in gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites in the cardiovascular disease.

Local nonlinearity engineering of evanescent-field-interaction fiber devices embedding in black phosphorus quantum dots.

Tapered fiber (TF) and D-shaped fiber (DF) are two types of widely investigated devices in facilitating evanescent-field interactions with external materials. Although they have been found to be particularly useful in various ultrafast regimes, to date there is still no clear or systematic investigation on their local nonlinearities as well as the exerted influences on ultrafast behaviors. Herein, we present such thorough investigation through local nonlinearity engineering on TF and then in contrast with a DF as a reference.

Metabolic and Transcriptional Adaptations Improve Physical Performance of Zebrafish.

Obesity is a worldwide public health problem with increasing prevalence and affects 80% of diabetes mellitus type 2 cases. Zebrafish () is an established model organism for studying obesity and diabetes including diabetic microvascular complications. We aimed to determine whether physical activity is an appropriate tool to examine training effects in zebrafish and to analyse metabolic and transcriptional processes in trained zebrafish.

ARNI versus ACEI/ARB in Reducing Cardiovascular Outcomes after Myocardial Infarction.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) therapy with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) therapy for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods And Results: Data were collected from the Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between January 2016 and December 2020. A total of 7556 AMI patients were screened for eligibility.

Impact of Age, Sex, and Renal Function on the Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs. Vitamin K Antagonists for the Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism: A Meta-Analysis of 22,040 Patients.

In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact of age, sex, and renal function on the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) vs. vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE). Electronic databases (accessed till June 2021) were systematically searched to investigate randomized clinical trials evaluating apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban vs.

HDL-C/apoA-I Ratio Is Associated with the Severity of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Emerging evidence demonstrates that the lipid metabolism in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) differs from nondiabetic patients. However, the distinct lipid profiles and their relationships with the severity of coronary artery stenosis and prognosis in patients with T2DM remain elusive.

Method And Result: This single-center, prospective cohort study enrolled 468 patients diagnosed with ACS undergoing coronary angiography, consisting of 314 non-DM and 154 DM patients.

Altered exosomal microRNA profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can mediate metabolism in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a major public health problem and is most commonly caused by (Ab) infection. In our study, we investigated the profiles of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) extracted from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (Ab-VAP). We also examined the serum metabolomic profiles of these patients.

Elevated 4-hydroxynonenal induces hyperglycaemia via Aldh3a1 loss in zebrafish and associates with diabetes progression in humans.

Increased methylglyoxal (MG) formation is associated with diabetes and its complications. In zebrafish, knockout of the main MG detoxifying system Glyoxalase 1, led to limited MG elevation but significantly elevated aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) activity and aldh3a1 expression, suggesting the compensatory role of Aldh3a1 in diabetes. To evaluate the function of Aldh3a1 in glucose homeostasis and diabetes, aldh3a1 zebrafish mutants were generated using CRISPR-Cas9.

Serum lipids profiling perturbances in patients with ischemic heart disease and ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a common cardiovascular disorder associated with inadequate blood supply to the myocardium. Chronic coronary ischemia leads to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Despite their rising prevalence and morbidity, few studies have discussed the lipids alterations in these patients.

Serum metabolite profiles as potential biochemical markers in young adults with community-acquired pneumonia cured by moxifloxacin therapy.

Despite the utilization of various biochemical markers and probability calculation algorithms based on clinical studies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), more specific and practical biochemical markers remain to be found for improved diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, we aimed to detect the alteration of metabolite profiles, explore the correlation between serum metabolites and inflammatory markers, and seek potential biomarkers for young adults with CAP. 13 Eligible young mild CAP patients between the ages of 18 and 30 years old with CURB65 = 0 admitted to the respiratory medical department were enrolled, along with 36 healthy participants as control.

Genetic compensation by in pronephros development in mutant zebrafish.

Zebrafish erythropoietin a (epoa) is a well characterized regulator of red blood cell formation. Recent morpholino mediated knockdown data have also identified being essential for physiological pronephros development in zebrafish, which is driven by blocking apoptosis in developing kidneys. Yet, zebrafish mutants for have not been described so far.

Clinical characteristics and protective factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing in-hospital myocardial free wall rupture: a single-center, retrospective analysis.

Myocardial free wall rupture (MFWR) refers to laceration of the heart ventricle or atria, which is a rare but fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we aim to identify the clinical characteristics and protective factors of free wall rupture after myocardial infarction. This is a single-center, retrospective observational analysis.

Meta-Analysis Comparing Dual Versus Single Antiplatelet Therapy in Combination With Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stent Implantation.

The coexistence of atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease is commonly found in clinical practice. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of dual versus single antiplatelet therapy in combination with antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were systematically evaluated for articles published up to October 31, 2017.

Combination of the CYP2C19 metabolizer and the GRACE risk score better predicts the long-term major adverse cardiac events in acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Introduction: Both Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score and CYP2C19 metabolizer status can independently predict major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated whether their combination could better predict MACE occurrence in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 548 consecutive patients with ACS undergoing PCI.

Targeting amino acids metabolic profile to identify novel metabolic characteristics in atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia whose incidence is on the rise globally. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism of AF remains poorly understood and there has been a lack of circulatory markers to diagnose and predict prognosis of AF. In the present study, by measuring metabolic profile and analyzing plasma amino acid levels in AF patients, we sought to determine whether amino acid metabolism was correlated to the occurrence of AF.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Children with Recurrent Wheezing.

Pediatric recurrent wheezing is a common disorder with potential asthma risk; however, its diagnosis much relies on physician's subjective evaluation. Hence, efficient noninvasive biomarkers are in great need. In this retrospective study, blood routine test was analyzed in 143 wheezing children and 137 control individuals, and various cell types were discriminated and counted.