Beyond the double helix: the multifaceted landscape of extracellular DNA in biofilms.

forms biofilms consisting of cells embedded in a matrix made of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and extracellular DNA (eDNA). Biofilm-associated infections are difficult to treat and can promote antibiotic resistance, resulting in negative healthcare outcomes. eDNA within the matrix contributes to the stability, growth, and immune-evasive properties of biofilms.

Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Six Vi01-like Phages Reveals Wide Host Range and Multiple Tail Spike Proteins.

is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria composed of many pathogens, including and . Here, we characterize six bacteriophages that infect which were isolated from wastewater plants in the Wasatch front (Utah, United States). These phages are highly similar to the vB_SenM_Vi01 (Vi01), which was isolated using wastewater from Kiel, Germany.

Complete genome sequences of five that infect hosts.

This announcement contains the whole genome sequences of five that infect members of the family of bacteria. Four of the five phages were isolated using serovar Typhimurium as a bacterial host: AR2819, Sajous1, SilasIsHot, and FrontPhageNews. ChubbyThor was isolated using .

Carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes inhibit the development of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

Staphylococcus aureus forms biofilms that cause considerable morbidity and mortality in patients who receive implanted devices such as prosthetics or fixator pins. An ideal surface for such medical devices would inhibit biofilm growth. Recently, it was reported that surface modification of stainless steel materials with carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes (CICNT) inhibits the growth of S.

Anticipatory banking of samples enables diagnosis of adenylosuccinase deficiency following molecular autopsy in an infant with vacuolating leukoencephalopathy.

Adenylosuccinase deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism. We present a newborn who died at 52 days of age with clinical features suggestive of severe epileptic encephalopathy and leukodystrophy of unknown cause. Post-mortem examination showed an unusual vacuolar appearance of the brain.

Development of guidelines for school staff on supporting students who self-harm: a Delphi study.

Objective: Self-harm is a major public health issue that significantly impacts communities, making early intervention and prevention paramount in addressing this public health issue. This study aimed to develop evidence-based, culturally responsive, safe, and practical guidelines to assist school staff in effectively supporting students who self-harm.

Methods: This Delphi study comprised of a five-step process, oversighted by a Rōpū Mātanga Māori (Māori clinical and cultural governance group), and drawing on the expertise and knowledge gained from existing literature, interviews with stakeholders, and two panels of experts (youth and stakeholders).

Electrocardiographic Findings Associated With Neurological Pathology and Other T-Wave Catastrophes.

An 87-year-old female patient presented with altered mental status. During the routine workup for altered mental status, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained. The ECG showed T-wave morphology known to be consistent with myocardial infarction.

Time-series transcriptomics reveals a BBX32-directed control of acclimation to high light in mature Arabidopsis leaves.

The photosynthetic capacity of mature leaves increases after several days' exposure to constant or intermittent episodes of high light (HL) and is manifested primarily as changes in chloroplast physiology. How this chloroplast-level acclimation to HL is initiated and controlled is unknown. From expanded Arabidopsis leaves, we determined HL-dependent changes in transcript abundance of 3844 genes in a 0-6 h time-series transcriptomics experiment.

Rocket Science: The Effect of Spaceflight on Germination Physiology, Ageing, and Transcriptome of Seeds.

In the 'Rocket Science' project, storage of (salad rocket) seeds for six months on board the International Space Station resulted in delayed seedling establishment. Here we investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning the spaceflight effects on dry seeds. We found that 'Space' seed germination vigor was reduced, and ageing sensitivity increased, but the spaceflight did not compromise seed viability and the development of normal seedlings.

DNA interference by a mesophilic Argonaute protein, CbcAgo.

: The search for putative enzymes that can facilitate gene editing has recently focused its attention on Argonaute proteins from prokaryotes (pAgos). Though they are structural homologues of human Argonaute protein, which uses RNA guides to interfere with RNA targets, pAgos use ssDNA guides to identify and, in many cases, cut a complementary DNA target. Thermophilic pAgos from , and have been identified and thoroughly studied, but their thermoactivity makes them of little use in mesophilic systems such as mammalian cells.

Understanding the Experience and Needs of School Counsellors When Working with Young People Who Engage in Self-Harm.

Self-harm rates are increasing globally and demand for supporting, treating and managing young people who engage in self-harm often falls to schools. Yet the approach taken by schools varies. This study aimed to explore the experience of school staff managing self-harm, and to obtain their views on the use of guidelines in their work.

Evaluation of a Choir as a Non-Medical Intervention for Children with Asthma: BreathStars.

A shift in the current health policy has seen heightened focus on non-medical interventions which can be delivered out with formal health-care settings, to complement and enhance the clinical care of people with long-term conditions. Asthma is a common long-term condition managed by pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Recent research activity has focused on the use of singing for respiratory health due to its similarity with the more well-known intervention of breathing exercises.

The contribution of occupation to children's experience of resilience: A qualitative descriptive study.

Background: This qualitative descriptive study explored what occupations children aged 10-13 years participate in and how participation in occupation contributes to resilience from their perspective. Little is known about how occupations contribute to resilience, and less is known from children's perspectives. Exploring how participation in occupation contributes to resilience is important as children continue to face adverse situations; resilience may help protect their development against uncertainty.

Utilization of conventional radiography in a regional neonatal intensive care unit in Ireland.

Objective: To audit the demand and radiation exposure of conventional radiography in a regional neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Ireland.

Methods: A retrospective study of radiographs performed on all admissions to the NICU in University Maternity Hospital Limerick (UMHL) over 2 years.

Results: A total of 1405 radiographs were performed on 506 infants.

Effects of cocoa-enriched diet on orofacial pain in a murine model.

Objectives: To investigate and discuss the effects of cocoa on orofacial pain.

Setting And Sample Population: The Department of Orthodontics at the University of Florida (UF). Male and female hairless rats (N=20/group) were tested.

Conservatively treated Congenital Hyperinsulinism (CHI) due to K-ATP channel gene mutations: reducing severity over time.

Background: Patients with Congenital Hyperinsulinism (CHI) due to mutations in K-ATP channel genes (K-ATP CHI) are increasingly treated by conservative medical therapy without pancreatic surgery. However, the natural history of medically treated K-ATP CHI has not been described; it is unclear if the severity of recessively and dominantly inherited K-ATP CHI reduces over time. We aimed to review variation in severity and outcomes in patients with K-ATP CHI treated by medical therapy.

Feeding Problems Are Persistent in Children with Severe Congenital Hyperinsulinism.

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare but severe disorder of hypoglycemia in children, often complicated by brain injury. In CHI, the long-term prevention of hypoglycemia is dependent on reliable enteral intake of glucose. However, feeding problems (FPs) often impede oral glucose delivery, thereby complicating the management of hypoglycemia.

Transcriptional Dynamics Driving MAMP-Triggered Immunity and Pathogen Effector-Mediated Immunosuppression in Arabidopsis Leaves Following Infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000.

Transcriptional reprogramming is integral to effective plant defense. Pathogen effectors act transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally to suppress defense responses. A major challenge to understanding disease and defense responses is discriminating between transcriptional reprogramming associated with microbial-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered immunity (MTI) and that orchestrated by effectors.

A morphoelastic model for dermal wound closure.

We develop a model of wound healing in the framework of finite elasticity, focussing our attention on the processes of growth and contraction in the dermal layer of the skin. The dermal tissue is treated as a hyperelastic cylinder that surrounds the wound and is subject to symmetric deformations. By considering the initial recoil that is observed upon the application of a circular wound, we estimate the degree of residual tension in the skin and build an evolution law for mechanosensitive growth of the dermal tissue.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma in the axilla of an 18-year-old woman.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is an uncommon adnexal neoplasm with a predilection for the head and neck. The tumor rarely metastasizes but is locally aggressive and commonly demonstrates perineural invasion. MAC occurs most often in older adults.

An ordinary differential equation model for full thickness wounds and the effects of diabetes.

Wound healing is a complex process in which a sequence of interrelated phases contributes to a reduction in wound size. For diabetic patients, many of these processes are compromised, so that wound healing slows down. In this paper we present a simple ordinary differential equation model for wound healing in which attention focusses on the dominant processes that contribute to closure of a full thickness wound.

Reduced Glycemic Variability in Diazoxide-Responsive Children with Congenital Hyperinsulinism Using Supplemental Omega-3-Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; A Pilot Trial with MaxEPA(R.).

Objective: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare condition of hypoglycemia where therapeutic options are limited and often complicated by side-effects. Omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which can suppress cardiac myocyte electrical activity, may also reduce ion channel activity in insulin-secreting cells. PUFA supplements in combination with standard medical treatment may improve glucose profile and may reduce glycemic variability in diazoxide-responsive CHI.

Design and interpretation of cell trajectory assays.

Cell trajectory data are often reported in the experimental cell biology literature to distinguish between different types of cell migration. Unfortunately, there is no accepted protocol for designing or interpreting such experiments and this makes it difficult to quantitatively compare different published datasets and to understand how changes in experimental design influence our ability to interpret different experiments. Here, we use an individual-based mathematical model to simulate the key features of a cell trajectory experiment.