[Clinical and pathologico-anatomic findings in the bovine uterus after cesarean section and their significance for fertility].

From the observations made on a great number of obstetrical operations partly in the blue-white cattle breed either in the clinic or in practice, the indications for caesarean section and the chances for post operative conception are discussed. Despite technically perfect and careful operation, still some complications, e.g.

Aetiology and pathogenesis of congenital torticollis and head scoliosis in the equine foetus.

In 214 cases of severe dystocia in mares, of which 141 (66 per cent) were Draught horses, deviation of the head and neck, with or without torticollis, malformed head and limbs were found to be the cause of dystocia. No evidence of a genetic lethal factor was found and torticollis was often combined with scoliosis of the head and, frequently, with malformation of one or more limbs. This is considered evidence of a common aetiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome of malformation.

Birth of a monozygotic cattle twin following non surgical transfer of a single 7 day old embryo.

A female twin was born after non-surgical transfer of one 7 day old embryo to the uterus of a synchronized receptor heifer. To prove the monozygocity of the twin, the hemotype was analysed (10 blood group systems and the polymorphic blood substances). The complete hemotype was identical in both twin calves.

Clinical, morphological and endocrinological aspects of cryptorchidism in the horse.

The authors analysed clinical, histological and hormonal data obtained from 205 cryptorchid horses. The majority of the unilaterally and bilaterally retained testes were located in the inguinal canal; however, the ratio of inguinal vs abdominal retention appeared to decrease with advancing age. In unilateral cryptorchidism, a pronounced preference was noted for left abdominal retention, whereas for inguinal cryptorchids, the retained testes occurred equally on both sides.

Embryo transfer in cattle: an evaluation of the current situation.

A technique for the transcervical recovery of ova in cattle is described. The donors recipient pool consisted of 122 cows of different ages and 4 different breeds. Of these 102 cows were superovulated.

Post partum infection in fection in cattle: diagnosis and preventive and curative treatment.

The important economic and other implications associated with an incidence of between 3 and 30% of pueperal disease in cattle are strongly emphasized. To understand the problem the physiology of the puerperium is first reviewed. Possible pathology associated with the puerperium is discussed and the aetiological factors, symptomatology observed in the genital tract and the general symptoms are discussed.

Dropsy of the fetal sacs in mares: induced and spontaneous abortion.

Eight cases of severe dropsy of the fetal sacs have been observed in mares. All were in multiparous mares whose ages ranged from five to 20 years and who were 7 1/2 to 10 3/4 months pregnant. Abortion started spontaneously in four cases and had to be induced in the remaining four by manual dilation of the cervix, rupture of the tough allantochorion and the siphoning off of 120 to 220 litres of allantoic fluid.

Some aspects of endometrial cup formation and PMSG production.

Two females of heterosexual pairs of chimaeric horse twins were fertilized by their co-twin brother and PMSG production examined during gestation. Four pregnancies developed in one mare and two in the other. The levels of PMSG were high in both mares and remained detectable in the peripheral blood until 220 and 265 days of gestation.

An intersex (male pseudohermaphrodite) horse with 64XX/XXY mosaicism.

The clinical, pathological and chromosomal findings in a male pseudohermaphrodite horse are reported. This animal appeared to be a female but showed strong male sexual behaviour. A small penis emerged from a rudimentary vagina.