Safety and tolerability of Monoacylglycerol-rich oil as a novel predigested dietary fat source of an enteral formula in healthy adults and adolescents: Two single-arm, open-label studies.

Background & Aims: Enteral formulas containing predigested lipids to support the needs of patients with fat maldigestion are currently unavailable. Monoacylglycerol (MAG)-rich oils offer potential benefits for fat absorption without prior digestion, but their safety and tolerability in enteral formulas need evaluation. We assessed the safety and tolerability of a new formula containing predigested lipids in the form of MAG-rich oil.

Use of fiber-containing enteral formula in pediatric clinical practice: an expert opinion review.

Introduction: Children who require enteral nutrition often report gastrointestinal symptoms. There is a growing interest in nutrition formulas that meet nutritional requirements and also maintain gut ecology and function. Fiber-containing enteral formulas can improve bowel function, promote the growth of healthy gut microbiota, and improve immune homeostasis.

Tolerability and safety of a semi-elemental enteral formula with partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in tube-fed children aged 1-4 years: An open-label, single-arm study.

Background And Aims: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble fiber supporting digestive health with well-established safety and efficacy. This open-label, single-arm, multicenter trial aimed to assess the tolerability and safety of a semi-elemental enteral formula containing PHGG at 12 g/L in tube-fed young children.

Methods: Children aged 1-4 years with stable conditions requiring tube feeding to provide ≥80% of their nutritional needs received the study formula for seven days.

Variation of plasma citrulline as a predictive factor for weaning off long-term parenteral nutrition in children with neonatal short bowel syndrome.

Background & Aims: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) is the mainstay of the therapeutic strategy in intestinal failure (IF) due to neonatal short bowel syndrome (SBS). Our aim was to identify prognostic factors for PN weaning and to assess if measuring plasma citrulline concentrations over time could account for the intestinal adaptation in progress.

Methods: This retrospective study included children with neonatal SBS with surgical measurement of the residual bowel length and repeated plasma citrulline assessments during a 4-year follow-up.

A hidden side of the COVID-19 pandemic in children: the double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition.

The COVID-19 pandemic has deteriorated key determinants of health and caused major upheavals around the world. Children, although less directly affected by the virus, are paying a heavy price through the indirect effects of the crisis, including poor diet, mental health impact, social isolation, addiction to screens and lack of schooling and health care, particularly among vulnerable groups. This paper is aimed at discussing the potential impact of this pandemic on children's nutrition and lifestyle.

Cannabinoids Improve Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Parenteral Nutrition-Dependent Patient With Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction.

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare and challenging cause of pediatric intestinal failure, requiring long-term parenteral nutrition in most cases. Despite optimal management, some patients experience chronic abdominal pain and recurrent obstructive episodes with a major impact on their quality of life. Cannabinoids have been successfully used in some conditions.

Nutritional challenges in children with primary immunodeficiencies undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Nutritional profile and management of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID) undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) has not been described in the literature. We aim to report the nutritional challenges and practices peculiar to this population before and after HSCT and suggest clinical pathways for their management. We conducted a single-centre retrospective study.

Recent insights into trace element deficiencies: causes, recognition and correction.

Purpose Of Review: Trace elements are vital components involved in major body functions. Cases of trace elements deficiencies are increasingly encountered in clinical practice, although often underrecognized. This review gives a thorough insight into the newest findings on clinical situations associated with trace elements deficiencies in children and adults, their recognition and management.

Monitoring of long-term parenteral nutrition in children with intestinal failure.

Pediatric intestinal failure (IF) is a rare and complex condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is defined as the reduction of gut mass or function below the minimal needed for absorption of nutrients and fluid to sustain life and growth. Since the advent of specialized multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation centers, IF management has considerably evolved in the last years, but serious complications of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) can occur.

Trace Element Provision in Parenteral Nutrition in Children: One Size Does Not Fit All.

Routine administration of trace elements is recognised as a standard of care in children requiring parenteral nutrition. However, there is a lack of global consensus regarding trace elements provision and dosing in pediatric parenteral nutrition. This review provides an overview of available evidence regarding trace elements supply and posology in parenteral nutrition in neonates and children.

A novel LAMB2 gene mutation associated with a severe phenotype in a neonate with Pierson syndrome.

Background: Pierson syndrome (PS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, caused by mutations in the laminin β2 (LAMB2) gene. It is characterized by congenital nephrotic syndrome, microcoria, and neurodevelopmental deficits. Several mutations with genotype-phenotype correlations have been reported, often with great clinical variability.