Rotation in total knee arthroplasty: no difference between patient-specific and conventional instrumentation.

Purpose: It was our hypothesis that patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) can improve the accuracy of the rotational alignment in TKA based on the concept of the system and on the potential to clearly identify pre-operatively during planning the classical anatomical landmarks that serve as references to set-up the rotation both for the femur and tibia.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective comparative randomized study, 40 patients (20 in each group) operated in our institution between September 2012 and January 2013 by the 2 senior authors were included. Randomization of patients into one of the two groups was done by the Hospital Informatics Department with the use of a systematic sampling method.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: treat with caution.

Current therapy for congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus consists of appropriate water intake coupled with decreased urine output obtained by means of a low-sodium diet and a combination of thiazide diuretics with renal prostaglandins inhibitors or amiloride. We report a case of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus that was complicated by paradoxical water intoxication secondary to liberal water intake and the initiation of hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin combination therapy. This report emphasizes the importance of evaluating the water balance and of a quick response with strict protocols following the initiation of indomethacin and thiazide diuretics in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

[Heat stroke and topiramate].

Heatstroke, which is a major disorder related to environmental hyperthermia, is a rare event in children. The risk is increased with predisposing medical conditions and specific medications. We report the case of a 10-year-old epileptic patient, who received topiramate.

[Medical aspects of commercial air travel].

A high proportion of commercial plane passengers are children: two million fly every year on Air-France airlines. In this field, the physician can be called upon to authorize or prohibit travelling. He could take measures or offer his services at the request of the cabin staff.

[Dietary water intoxication: a preventable pathology].

Case Report: The authors report the case of an infant presenting with status epilepticus, apneas and hypothermia, related to hyponatremia. The cause was water intoxication, secondary to feeding a dilute formula and free water. The parents were notoriously challenged by the care of their children.

[Morganella morganii and early-onset neonatal infection].

Unlabelled: Morganella morganii is an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium, resistant to ampicillin, and scarcely involved in early-onset neonatal sepsis.

Case Report: After a premature rupture of the membranes, a pregnant patient received prophylactic amoxicillin per os. She developed chorioamnionitis.

[Congenital syphilis still exists].

Introduction: Even today screening for congenital syphilis must be performed and confirmed by appropriate serological tests and bacteriological samples.

Observation: A newborn presented with an apparently materno-fetal or viral fetal disease. It was in fact congenital syphilis.

Prenatal transmission of dengue: two new cases.

Dengue is commonly observed in most tropical countries, but its transmission from mother to fetus has not been frequently described. We report two such cases. The first signs of dengue in the infants appeared on the 3rd and 9th days of life.

[Cytomegalovirus, pregnancy and occupational risk].

Background: Female health professionals are not more likely to contract cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection than the general population.

Case Report: Generalized congenital infection was diagnosed in a neonate. His mother was a nurse working the 2 first trimesters of her pregnancy in close-contact with AIDS patients chronically infected with CMV.

[Use of the intraosseous route in a premature infant].

Background: The intraosseous route (IOR) is a rehabilitated vascular access in emergency situations. Its indications and duration are defined, although the age limit at which it is usable is not clearly established.

Case Report: A 34-week-old preterm neonate, without infection, receiving gastric gavage, developed, at 8 days of life, a severe septic shock requiring ventilatory support and emergency volume expansion via a subclavian catheter.

[Neurologic manifestations in a child of a mother with gestational herpes].

Background: Herpes gestationis in the neonate is usually associated with an increased risk of premature birth and/or low birth weight for gestational age (GA) and sometimes skin lesions. Neurologic manifestations are nos described in these babies.

Case Report: A boy was born at 35 weeks of GA from a mother who developed skin eruption typical of herpes gestationis.

Omphalocele in a newborn baby exposed to sodium valproate in utero.

We report on a newborn baby, exposed to valproic acid in utero, with the typical dysmorphic features of the fetal valproate syndrome and omphalocele. One identical case has already been reported after valproic acid exposure in utero.

[Intraosseous vascular access, a technic previously underestimated in France].

Intraosseous vascular access is a simple and very efficient technique for fluid and drug administration in any pediatric emergencies where the intravenous route is impossible or inadequate. Yet it remains unrecognized in France. Its pharmacokinetics is close to that of peripheral intravenous route, but it allows much greater infusion flow rates.