A Protective Role of NOD2 on Oxazolone-induced Intestinal Inflammation Through IL-1β-mediated Signalling Pathway.

Background And Aims: NOD2 has emerged as a critical player in the induction of both Th1 and Th2 responses for potentiation and polarisation of antigen-dependent immunity. Loss-of-function mutations in the NOD2-encoding gene and deregulation of its downstream signalling pathway have been linked to Crohn's disease. Although it is well documented that NOD2 is capable of sensing bacterial muramyl dipeptide, it remains counter-intuitive to link development of overt intestinal inflammation to a loss of bacterial-induced inflammatory response.

Respiratory motion management for external radiotherapy treatment.

We present the update of the recommendations of the French society of oncological radiotherapy on respiratory motion management for external radiotherapy treatment. Since twenty years and the report 62 of ICRU, motion management during the course of radiotherapy treatment has become an increasingly significant concern, particularly with the development of hypofractionated treatments under stereotactic conditions, using reduced safety margins. This article related orders of motion amplitudes for different organs as well as the definition of the margins in radiotherapy.

Innate myeloid cell TNFR1 mediates first line defence against primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

TNF is crucial for controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and understanding how will help immunomodulating the host response. Here we assessed the contribution of TNFR1 pathway from innate myeloid versus T cells. We first established the prominent role of TNFR1 in haematopoietic cells for controlling M.

[Stereotactic radiotherapy for stage I and II lung cancer: a study of 33 patients].

Purpose: Surgery is the main treatment of early stage non small cell lung cancer. However, in inoperable patients, the treatment is usually conventional radiotherapy. Results are poor and acute toxicity is severe.

[Extracranial stereotaxic body irradiation: preliminary results and the Orleans hospital experience].

Extracranial stereotactic body irradiation (ESRT) provides an alternative treatment mode for patients with no other therapeutic solutions. It's based on previous intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery techniques. ESRT with dedicated systems including secure immobilization avoiding patient movement, accurate repositioning, and stereotactic registration of tumor targets and organs at risk (OAR) allows very high doses in few fractions on extra cranial locations.

Accuracy of alignment in breast irradiation: a retrospective analysis of clinical practice.

The objective of the study was to determine the accuracy of patient positioning in radiotherapy for breast cancer. Portal images were obtained using a fast electronic megavoltage radiotherapy imaging system in 30 cases of breast cancer. Quantitative analysis of 530 megavolt portal images and comparison with 30 digitized simulation films were performed.

[Retrospective analysis of the reproducibility of the daily set-up of the irradiation fields of cancer of the rectum using a megavoltage imaging system].

Purpose: To evaluate a ionization chamber on-line portal imaging system in routine clinical radiotherapy of rectum cancers.

Patients And Methods: Megavolt portal images were obtained using a fast electronic megavoltage radiotherapy imaging system in 13 cases of pelvic fields. A total of 208 portal images and 13 simulator films were used to determine the values of set-up deviations in the X-Z-directions of a fixed co-ordinate system, and of the rotation fields (R).

[Computed tomography option on simulator: a 14-month use at the Orléans hospital radiotherapy department].

The purpose was to evaluate the use of the CT option for simulator during a 14-month period in the radiotherapy department. The CT option has been adapted on the Philips simulator SL23. The virtual tunnel diameter is 92 cm which allows slice acquisition regardless of the contention device used.